1、Python标准模块——concurrent.futures
concurrent.futures模块提供了高度封装的异步调用接口
ThreadPoolExecutor:线程池,提供异步调用
ProcessPoolExecutor:进程池,提供异步调用
2、基本方法
submit(fn, *args, **kwargs):异步提交任务
map(func, *iterables, timeout=None, chunksize=1):取代for循环submit的操作
shutdown(wait=True):相当于进程池的pool.close()+pool.join()操作
wait=True,等待池内所有任务执行完毕回收完资源后才继续
wait=False,立即返回,并不会等待池内的任务执行完毕
但不管wait参数为何值,整个程序都会等到所有任务执行完毕
submit和map必须在shutdown之前
result(timeout=None):取得结果
add_done_callback(fn):回调函数
done():判断某一个线程是否完成
cancle():取消某个任务
3、进程池:ProcessPoolExecutor
from concurrent.futures import ProcessPoolExecutor
import os,time,random
def task(n):
print('%s is runing' %os.getpid())
time.sleep(random.randint(1,3))
return n**2
if __name__ == '__main__':
executor=ProcessPoolExecutor(max_workers=3)
futures=[]
for i in range(11):
future=executor.submit(task,i)
futures.append(future)
executor.shutdown(True)
print('+++>')
for future in futures:
print(future.result())
4、线程池:ThreadPoolExecutor与进程池方法一样,参考进程池代码
5、map的用法:map取代了for+submit
from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor,ProcessPoolExecutor
import os,time,random
def task(n):
print('%s is runing' %os.getpid())
time.sleep(random.randint(1,3))
return n**2
if __name__ == '__main__':
executor=ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=3)
# for i in range(11):
# future=executor.submit(task,i)
executor.map(task,range(1,12)) #map取代了for+submit