1、新建两个目录,分别为cold_bak和hot_bak,分别用作冷备份和热备份转储的位置。



[oracle@rtest oracle]$ cd bak


[oracle@rtest bak]$ mkdir cold_bak


[oracle@rtest bak]$ mkdir hot_bak


[oracle@rtest bak]$ pwd


/u01/app/oracle/bak


[oracle@rtest bak]$ ls


cold_bak  hot_bak


2、冷备份,即拷贝数据文件和控制文件到新的位置,转储。


首先查看需要备份的数据文件和控制文件的位置。



sys@TEST0910> select name from v$datafile order by 1;


NAME


----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/example01.dbf


/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/sysaux01.dbf


/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/system01.dbf


/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/testtb.dbf


/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/undotbs01.dbf


/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/users01.dbf


6 rows selected.


sys@TEST0910> select name from v$controlfile order by 1;


NAME


----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/test0910/control02.ctl


/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/control01.ctl


3、拼SQL语句。执行操作系统拷贝命令。


  •   数据文件的拷贝命令


sys@TEST0910> set verify on


sys@TEST0910> select 'host cp ' ||name|| ' &bakdir' from v$datafile order by 1;


Enter value for bakdir: /u01/app/oracle/bak/cold_bak


old   1: select 'host cp ' ||name|| ' &bakdir' from v$datafile order by 1


new   1: select 'host cp ' ||name|| ' /u01/app/oracle/bak/cold_bak' from v$datafile order by 1


'HOSTCP'||NAME||'/U01/APP/ORACLE/BAK/COLD_BAK'


----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/example01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/bak/cold_bak


host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/sysaux01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/bak/cold_bak


host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/system01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/bak/cold_bak


host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/testtb.dbf /u01/app/oracle/bak/cold_bak


host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/undotbs01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/bak/cold_bak


host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/users01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/bak/cold_bak


6 rows selected.


  • 控制文件的拷贝命令


sys@TEST0910> select 'host cp ' ||name|| ' &bakdir' from v$controlfile order by 1;


Enter value for bakdir:  /u01/app/oracle/bak/cold_bak


old   1: select 'host cp ' ||name|| ' &bakdir' from v$controlfile order by 1


new   1: select 'host cp ' ||name|| '  /u01/app/oracle/bak/cold_bak' from v$controlfile order by 1


'HOSTCP'||NAME||'/U01/APP/ORACLE/BAK/COLD_BAK'


----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


host cp /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/test0910/control02.ctl  /u01/app/oracle/bak/cold_bak


host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/control01.ctl  /u01/app/oracle/bak/cold_bak


  • 冷备脚本:


[oracle@rtest bak]$ vi cold_bak.sql


set echo off trimspool off heading off feedback off verify off time off


set pagesize 0 linesize 200


define bakdir='/u01/app/oracle/bak/cold_bak'


define bakscp='/u01/app/oracle/bak/cold_cmd.sql'


spool &bakscp


select 'host cp ' ||name|| ' &bakdir' from v$datafile order by 1;


select 'host cp ' ||name|| ' &bakdir' from v$controlfile order by 1;


spool off


shutdown immediate


@&bakscp


startup


  • 执行冷备脚本:


sys@TEST0910> @/u01/app/oracle/bak/cold_bak


host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/example01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/bak/cold_bak


host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/sysaux01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/bak/cold_bak


host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/system01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/bak/cold_bak


host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/testtb.dbf /u01/app/oracle/bak/cold_bak


host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/undotbs01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/bak/cold_bak


host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/users01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/bak/cold_bak


host cp /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/test0910/control02.ctl /u01/app/oracle/bak/cold_bak


host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/control01.ctl /u01/app/oracle/bak/cold_bak


Database closed.


Database dismounted.


ORACLE instance shut down.


ORACLE instance started.


Total System Global Area 2505338880 bytes


Fixed Size                  2230952 bytes


Variable Size             587203928 bytes


Database Buffers         1895825408 bytes


Redo Buffers               20078592 bytes


Database mounted.


Database opened.


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


系统位置查看:



[oracle@rtest bak]$ more cold_bak.sql


set echo off trimspool off heading off feedback off verify off time off


set pagesize 0 linesize 200


define bakdir='/u01/app/oracle/bak/cold_bak'


define bakscp='/u01/app/oracle/bak/cold_cmd.sql'


spool &bakscp


select 'host cp ' ||name|| ' &bakdir' from v$datafile order by 1;


select 'host cp ' ||name|| ' &bakdir' from v$controlfile order by 1;


spool off


shutdown immediate


@&bakscp


startup



[oracle@rtest bak]$ more  cold_cmd.sql

host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/example01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/bak/cold_bak                                 

                                                                                  

host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/sysaux01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/bak/cold_bak                                  

                                                                                  

host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/system01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/bak/cold_bak                                  

                                                                                  

host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/testtb.dbf /u01/app/oracle/bak/cold_bak                                    

                                                                                  

host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/undotbs01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/bak/cold_bak                                 

                                                                                  

host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/users01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/bak/cold_bak                                   

                                                                                  

host cp /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/test0910/control02.ctl /u01/app/oracle/bak/cold_bak                      

                                                                                  

host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test0910/control01.ctl /u01/app/oracle/bak/cold_bak                                 

                                                                                                                                                                     


 


 



[oracle@rtest bak]$ cd cold_bak


[oracle@rtest cold_bak]$ ls


control01.ctl  control02.ctl  example01.dbf  sysaux01.dbf  system01.dbf  testtb.dbf  undotbs01.dbf  users01.dbf