假设一个Web页面,显示了现场比赛得分或股票市场状况或货币兑换率。对于所有这些类型的页面,都需要使用浏览器中的Refresh或Reload按钮来定期刷新Web页面。

Java Servlet提供一个机制使这项工作变得简单,可以使得Web页面在给定的时间间隔自动刷新。

刷新一个Web页面最简单的方式是使用响应对象的方法setIntHeader()。以下是这种方法的特征:



public void setIntHeader(String header, int headerValue)


此方法将头信息“Refresh”和一个表示时间间隔的整数值(以秒为单位)发送回浏览器。

一、自动刷新页面实例

这个例子演示了Servlet如何使用setIntHeader()方法设置Refresh头信息,实现自动刷新页面。



// Import required java libraries
import java.io.*;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import java.util.*;
// Extend HttpServlet class
public class Refresh extends HttpServlet {
// Method to handle GET method request.
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException
{
// Set refresh, autoload time as 5 seconds
response.setIntHeader("Refresh", 5);
// Set response content type
response.setContentType("text/html");
// Get current time
Calendar calendar = new GregorianCalendar();
String am_pm;
int hour = calendar.get(Calendar.HOUR);
int minute = calendar.get(Calendar.MINUTE);
int second = calendar.get(Calendar.SECOND);
if(calendar.get(Calendar.AM_PM) == 0)
am_pm = "AM";
else
am_pm = "PM";
String CT = hour+":"+ minute +":"+ second +" "+ am_pm;
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
String title = "Auto Page Refresh using Servlet";
String docType =
"<!doctype html public \"-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 " +
"transitional//en\">\n";
out.println(docType +
"<html>\n" +
"<head><title>" + title + "</title></head>\n"+
"<body bgcolor=\"#f0f0f0\">\n" +
"<h1 align=\"center\">" + title + "</h1>\n" +
"<p>Current Time is: " + CT + "</p>\n");
}
// Method to handle POST method request.
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
}


现在编译上述Servlet并在web.xml文件中创建以下条目:



....
<servlet>
<servlet-name>Refresh</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>Refresh</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>Refresh</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/Refresh</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
....


现在使用URL ​​http://localhost:8080/Refresh​​来调用这个Servlet。这将会每隔5秒钟显示一次当前系统时间,如下所示。运行该Servlet并等着看结果:

Servlet自动刷新页面_java

Servlet自动刷新页面_servlet_02