配置spring事务管理的几种方式(声明式事务)

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mb5ff2f1c4b5e55 2015-12-20 18:44:00

文章标签 spring xml hibernate 事务管理拦截器 文章分类 代码人生

Spring配置文件中关于事务配置总是由三个组成部分，分别是DataSource、TransactionManager和代理机制这三部分，无论哪种配置方式，一般变化的只是代理机制这部分。

DataSource、TransactionManager这两部分只是会根据数据访问方式有所变化，比如使用Hibernate进行数据访问时，DataSource实际为SessionFactory，TransactionManager的实现为HibernateTransactionManager。

具体如下图：

配置spring事务管理的几种方式(声明式事务)_xml

根据代理机制的不同，总结了五种Spring事务的配置方式，配置文件如下：

第一种方式：每个Bean都有一个代理

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"     xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans             http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">      <bean id="sessionFactory"               class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">           <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />           <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />     </bean>        <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->       <bean id="transactionManager"         class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />     </bean>          <!-- 配置DAO -->     <bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />     </bean>          <bean id="userDao"           class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">              <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->              <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />              <property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />            <property name="proxyInterfaces" value="com.bluesky.spring.dao.GeneratorDao" />         <!-- 配置事务属性 -->           <property name="transactionAttributes">               <props>                   <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>             </props>           </property>       </bean>   </beans>

第二种方式：所有Bean共享一个代理基类

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"     xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans             http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">      <bean id="sessionFactory"               class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">           <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />           <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />     </bean>        <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->       <bean id="transactionManager"         class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />     </bean>          <bean id="transactionBase"               class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"               lazy-init="true" abstract="true">           <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->           <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />           <!-- 配置事务属性 -->           <property name="transactionAttributes">               <props>                   <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>               </props>           </property>       </bean>             <!-- 配置DAO -->     <bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />     </bean>          <bean id="userDao" parent="transactionBase" >           <property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />        </bean> </beans>

第三种方式：使用拦截器

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"     xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans             http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">      <bean id="sessionFactory"               class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">           <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />           <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />     </bean>        <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->       <bean id="transactionManager"         class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />     </bean>          <bean id="transactionInterceptor"           class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor">           <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />           <!-- 配置事务属性 -->           <property name="transactionAttributes">               <props>                   <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>               </props>           </property>       </bean>            <bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator">           <property name="beanNames">               <list>                   <value>*Dao</value>             </list>           </property>           <property name="interceptorNames">               <list>                   <value>transactionInterceptor</value>               </list>           </property>       </bean>          <!-- 配置DAO -->     <bean id="userDao" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />     </bean> </beans>

第四种方式：使用tx标签配置的拦截器

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"     xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"     xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans             http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">      <context:annotation-config />     <context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" />      <bean id="sessionFactory"               class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">           <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />           <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />     </bean>        <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->       <bean id="transactionManager"         class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />     </bean>      <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">         <tx:attributes>             <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" />         </tx:attributes>     </tx:advice>          <aop:config>         <aop:pointcut id="interceptorPointCuts"             expression="execution(* com.bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))" />         <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice"             pointcut-ref="interceptorPointCuts" />             </aop:config>       </beans>

第五种方式：全注解

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"     xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"     xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans             http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">      <context:annotation-config />     <context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" />      <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>      <bean id="sessionFactory"               class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">           <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />           <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />     </bean>        <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->       <bean id="transactionManager"         class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />     </bean>      </beans>

此时在DAO上需加上@Transactional注解，如下：

package com.bluesky.spring.dao;  import java.util.List;  import org.hibernate.SessionFactory; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;  import com.bluesky.spring.domain.User;  @Transactional @Component("userDao") public class UserDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDao {      public List<User> listUsers() {         return this.getSession().createQuery("from User").list();     }           }

怀有希望!!

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