Flashback Version Query 闪回版本查询
使用Flashback Version Query 返回在指定时间间隔或SCN间隔内的所有版本,一次commit命令就会创建一个版本。
语法如下:
SELECT .....FROM tablename VERSIONS {BETWEEN {SCN | TIMESTAMP} start AND end}
--start,end可以是时间也可以是scn
Flashback Version Query伪列说明
versions_start{scn|time} 版本开始的scn或时间戳
versions_end{scn|time} 版本结束scn或时间戳,如果有值表明此行后面被更改过是旧版本,如果为null,则说明行版本是当前版本或行被删除(即versions_operation值为D)。
versions_xid 创建行版本的事务ID
versions_operation 在行上执行的操作(I=插入,D=删除,U=更新)
示例说明:
SQL> create table xyc_t1 as select * from emp where 1=2; --创建表xyc_t1
Table created.
SQL> select to_date(sysdate,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') from dual; --查询时间作为timestamp开始时间
TO_DATE(SYSDATE,'YY
-------------------
2013-10-06 08:17:58
SQL> insert into xyc_t1 select * from emp where empno=7902; --插入empno=7902
1 row created.
SQL> commit; --插入一行提交作为一个版本
Commit complete.
SQL> insert into xyc_t1 select * from emp where empno=7788;
1 row created.
SQL> insert into xyc_t1 select * from emp where empno=7698;
1 row created.
SQL> commit; --插入两行提交作为一个版本
Commit complete.
SQL> update xyc_t1 set sal=8888 where empno=7788;
1 row updated.
SQL> commit; --再次更改empno=7788的行提交,使这行有旧版本
Commit complete.
SQL> select to_date(sysdate,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') from dual; --查询时间作为timestamp结束时间
TO_DATE(SYSDATE,'YY
-------------------
2013-10-06 08:20:01
/*
select versions_startscn,versions_starttime,versions_endscn,versions_endtime,versions_xid,versions_operation,empno
from xyc_t1 versions between timestamp to_timestamp('2013-10-06 10:14:04','YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') and to_timestamp('2013-10-06 10:14:23','YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS');
*/
SQL> select versions_startscn,versions_starttime,versions_endscn,versions_endtime,versions_xid,versions_operation,empno
2 from xyc_t1 versions between timestamp to_timestamp('2013-10-06 08:17:58','YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') and to_timestamp('2013-10-06 08:20:01','YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS');
VERSIONS_STARTSCN VERSIONS_STARTTIME VERSIONS_ENDSCN VERSIONS_ENDTIME VERSIONS_XID VERSIONS_OPERATION EMPNO
----------------- ------------------------------ --------------- ------------------------------ ---------------- -------------------- ----------
1032654 06-OCT-13 08.19.51 AM 08000E0016030000 U 7788
1032637 06-OCT-13 08.19.14 AM 0600180017030000 I 7698
1032637 06-OCT-13 08.19.14 AM 1032654 06-OCT-13 08.19.51 AM 0600180017030000 I 7788
1032628 06-OCT-13 08.18.47 AM 090014002C030000 I 7902
--可以看出,一次commit是一个版本,当前版本的versions_endscn和versions_endtime值为空,旧版本则有值。
Flashback Transaction Query闪回事务查询
Flashback Transaction Query实际上是查询的数据字典flashback_transaction_query。可以根据flashback_transaction_query 的undo_sql列值返回数据以前版本。
flashback_transaction_query 列说明:
SQL> desc flashback_transaction_query
Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
XID RAW(8) --事务ID
START_SCN NUMBER --事务起始SCN,即第一个dml的SCN
START_TIMESTAMP DATE --事务其实时间戳,即第一个dm的时间戳
COMMIT_SCN NUMBER --提交事务时的SCN
COMMIT_TIMESTAMP DATE -- 提交事务时的时间戳
LOGON_USER VARCHAR2(30) --本次事务的用户
UNDO_CHANGE# NUMBER --撤销SCN
OPERATION VARCHAR2(32) --执行的dml操作:DELETE,INSERT,UPDATE,BEGIN,UNKNOWN
TABLE_NAME VARCHAR2(256) --dml更改的表
TABLE_OWNER VARCHAR2(32) --表的所有者
ROW_ID VARCHAR2(19) --修改行的ROWID
UNDO_SQL VARCHAR2(4000) --撤销dml的sql语句
--使用闪回事务查询前,必须启用重做日志流的其他日志记录,重做日志流与Log Miner使用的数据相同,只是接口不同。
示例说明:
SQL> conn / as sysdba;
SQL> alter database add supplemental log data;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database add supplemental log data (primary key) columns;
Database altered.
SQL> grant select any transaction to scott;
Grant succeeded.
SQL> conn scott/xyc
SQL> update xyc_t1 set sal=9999 where empno=7902; --更改值sal=9999
1 row updated.
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
SQL> select to_date(sysdate,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') from dual;
TO_DATE(SYSDATE,'YY
-------------------
2013-10-06 10:14:04
SQL> update xyc_t1 set sal=99999 where empno=7902; --更改值sal=99999
1 row updated.
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
SQL> select to_date(sysdate,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') from dual;
TO_DATE(SYSDATE,'YY
-------------------
2013-10-06 10:14:23
SQL> select versions_startscn,versions_starttime,versions_endscn,versions_endtime,versions_xid,versions_operation,empno
2 from xyc_t1 versions between timestamp to_timestamp('2013-10-06 10:14:04','YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') and to_timestamp('2013-10-06 10:14:23','YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS');
VERSIONS_STARTSCN VERSIONS_STARTTIME VERSIONS_ENDSCN VERSIONS_ENDTIME VERSIONS_XID VERSIONS_OPERATION EMPNO
----------------- ------------------------------ --------------- ------------------------------ ---------------- -------------------- ----------
1035726 06-OCT-13 10.14.17 AM 0400040097020000 U 7902
7698
1035726 06-OCT-13 10.14.17 AM 7902
--查询事务id
SQL> select start_scn,commit_scn,logon_user,operation,table_name,undo_sql
2 from flashback_transaction_query
3 where xid=hextoraw('0400040097020000');
START_SCN COMMIT_SCN LOGON_USER OPERATION TABLE_NAME UNDO_SQL
---------- ---------- -------------------- -------------------- -------------------- --------------------------------------------------
1035724 1035726 SCOTT UPDATE XYC_T1 update "SCOTT"."XYC_T1" set "SAL" = '9999' where R
OWID = 'AAASNYAAEAAAAIVAAD';
--查出undo sql
SQL> update "SCOTT"."XYC_T1" set "SAL" = '9999' where ROWID = 'AAASNYAAEAAAAIVAAD';
1 row updated.
SQL> select * from xyc_t1;
select * from xyc_t1;
EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM DEPTNO
---------- -------------------- ------------------ ---------- ------------------- ---------- ---------- ----------
7698 BLAKE MANAGER 7839 1981-05-01 00:00:00 2850 30
7902 FORD ANALYST 7566 1981-12-03 00:00:00 9999 20
--返回到上一版本,即sal值为9999