隐式游标是系统自动为你创建的。
显式游标是用户通过创建CURSOR的方式来创建。
在Oracle中有三种类型的游标:
1)不带参数的游标
eg:
cursor customer_cur is
select * from customers;
2)带参数的游标
eg:
cursor customer_cur(customer_id in number) is
select * from customers
where customerid = customer_id;
3)有返回结果的游标
eg:
cursor customer_cur return customers%rowtype is
select * from customers;
游标的五大属性:
1)%FOUND - 记录找到
2) %NOTFOUND - 记录没找到
3) %ROWCOUNT - 游标当前记录数
(每取回一条记录,ROWCOUNT将增加1)
4) %ISOPEN - 游标是否被打开
5) %ROWTYPE - 代表游标取回的某一行记录
游标使用四大步骤:
1) 声明游标
cursor is select语句
2) 打开游标
open 游标名
3) 从游标中取回数据
fetch 游标名 into 行记录变量
4) 关闭游标
close 游标名
下面我们就来举个例子:
-- 声明游标
cursor customer_cur(city_in char) is
select * from customers
where city = city_in;
customer_rec customer_cur%ROWTYPE;
begin
-- 打开游标
if not customer_cur%ISOPEN then
open customer_cur('Madrid');
end if;
-- 从游标中取回数据
fetch customer_cur into customer_rec;
/*
使用游标
*/
while customer_cur%FOUND
loop
dbms_output.put_line(TO_CHAR(customer_cur%ROWCOUNT) || ':' || customer_rec.customerid
|| ', ' || customer_rec.city);
fetch customer_cur into customer_rec;
end loop;
-- 关闭游标
close customer_cur;
end;