delphi7 treeview + 数据库 实现动态节点维护

首先说下树节点对应的表的基本结构,必需要有的字段(节点编号,父节点编号,节点名称),其他字段根据你开发的需要添加
从添加节点开始,一开始就取出表中最大节点编号,每次添加节点的时候,该节点编号增加1;
添加节点的时候我们有2个步骤,首先是给treeview树种建立节点;其次是给数据库中添加相应的节点记录;
添加节点树的时候,需要注意的是要把该节点的节点编号加入到该节点的data属性中.
在数据库中加入节点记录的时候,节点编号和父节点编号都不能少,如果是第0层节点,那么该节点的父节点编号是'0'(这种情况你自己定义,我在这里设为'0')
显示节点我写了一个通用函数来实现的
删除节点由于要删除该节点及其所有后代节点在表中的记录,这个在sql server中好像没有什么好的语句,我写了一个存储过程来实现的

unit Unit1;

interface

uses
  Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Variants, Classes, Graphics, Controls, Forms,
  Dialogs, StdCtrls, ComCtrls, ShellAPI, DB, ADODB;

type
  TForm1 = class(TForm)
    tv1: TTreeView;
    btn_addtj: TButton;
    btn_addzjd: TButton;
    btn_del: TButton;
    edt_jdmc: TEdit;
    Label1: TLabel;
    btn_xs: TButton;
    con1: TADOConnection;
    qry1: TADOQuery;
    qry2: TADOQuery;
    procedure btn_addtjClick(Sender: TObject);
    procedure btn_addzjdClick(Sender: TObject);
    procedure btn_delClick(Sender: TObject);
    procedure btn_xsClick(Sender: TObject);
    procedure FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
  private
    { Private declarations }
  public
    { Public declarations }
  end;

var
  Form1: TForm1;
  maxdwbh: integer;
procedure addChildNodes(tv: TTreeView; fnode: TTreeNode; qry: TADOQuery); overload;
procedure addChildNodes(tv: TTreeView; fnode: TTreeNode; qry: TADOQuery; tab, jdbh, jdmc, fjdbh, nilfjdbh: string); overload;
implementation

{$R *.dfm}
{
功能:在一个treeview中显示数据库中父子节点,并且把节点的编号存入自己的data属性中
参数:tv    展示树
     fnode 表示tv中的节点,第一次调用通常这个节点取nil
     qry   一个ADOQuery控件,用来做查询
     tab   我们的父子节点存放的数据库表名称
     jdbh  tab中节点编号代表的字段名称
     jdmc  tab中节点名称代表的字段名称
     fjdbh tab中父节点编号代表的字段名称
     nilfjdbh 树中第0级节点的父节点字段给分配的值
注意:我们的树在添加(子)节点的时候也要把它的节点的编号存入到该节点的data属性中
}

procedure addChildNodes(tv: TTreeView; fnode: TTreeNode; qry: TADOQuery; tab, jdbh, jdmc, fjdbh, nilfjdbh: string);
var
  sql, fdwbh: string;
  node, newnode: TTreeNode;
  pinteger: ^string;
begin
  //判断表中有没有节点,如果连第0级节点都不存在,我们也就不需要显示树了
  sql := 'select * from tab where fjdbh=''' + nilfjdbh + '''';
  qry.Close;
  qry.SQL.Clear;
  qry.SQL.Add(sql);
  qry.Open;
  if not qry.IsEmpty then
  begin
    if fnode = nil then
      fdwbh := nilfjdbh
    else
      fdwbh := string(fnode.data^);
    //取出节点fnode的全部子节点的记录
    sql := 'select ' + jdbh + ',' + jdmc + ',' + fjdbh + ' from ' + tab + ' where ' + fjdbh + '=''' + fdwbh + ''' order by ' + jdbh;
    qry.Close;
    qry.SQL.Clear;
    qry.SQL.Add(sql);
    qry.Open;
    //树中加入子节点
    if not qry.IsEmpty then //有子节点
    begin
      //添加一个节点的所有子节点
      qry.First;
      while not qry.Eof do
      begin
        newnode := tv.Items.AddChild(fnode, qry.fieldbyname(jdmc).AsString);
        New(pinteger);
        pinteger^ := qry.fieldbyname(jdbh).AsString;
        newnode.Data := pinteger;
        qry.Next;
      end;
      //定位下一个该操作的节点
      if fnode = nil then
        node := tv.Items.GetFirstNode
      else
        node := fnode.getFirstChild;
      //递归调用对下一个子节点进行同样的操作
      addChildNodes(tv, node, qry, tab, jdbh, jdmc, fjdbh, nilfjdbh);
    end else //没有子节点的情况,取它的下一个兄弟节点递归调用
    begin
      node := fnode.GetNext;
      if node <> nil then
        addChildNodes(tv, node, qry, tab, jdbh, jdmc, fjdbh, nilfjdbh);
    end;
  end;
end;

procedure addChildNodes(tv: TTreeView; fnode: TTreeNode; qry: TADOQuery);
var
  fdwbh: Integer;
  sql: string;
  node, newnode: TTreeNode;
  Pdata: ^Integer;
begin
  if fnode = nil then
    fdwbh := 0
  else
    fdwbh := Integer(fnode.data^);
  //取出节点fnode的全部子节点的记录
  sql := 'select dwbh,dwmc,fdwbh from zzjgbmb where fdwbh=' + inttostr(fdwbh) + ' order by dwbh';
  qry.Close;
  qry.SQL.Clear;
  qry.SQL.Add(sql);
  qry.Open;
  //树中加入子节点
  if not qry.IsEmpty then //有子节点
  begin
    //添加一个节点的所有子节点
    qry.First;
    while not qry.Eof do
    begin
      newnode := tv.Items.AddChild(fnode, qry.fieldbyname('dwmc').AsString);
      New(Pdata);
      Pdata^ := qry.fieldbyname('dwbh').AsInteger;
      newnode.Data := Pdata;
      qry.Next;
    end;
    //定位下一个该操作的节点
    if fnode = nil then
      node := tv.Items.GetFirstNode
    else
      node := fnode.getFirstChild;
    //递归调用对下一个节点进行同样的操作
    addChildNodes(tv, node, qry);
  end else //没有子节点的情况
  begin
    node := fnode.GetNext;
    if node <> nil then
      addChildNodes(tv, node, qry);
  end;
end;


procedure TForm1.btn_addtjClick(Sender: TObject);
var
  jdmc, sql: string;
  fdwbh: integer;
  node, newnode: TTreeNode;
  pinteger: ^integer;
begin
  try
    node := tv1.Selected;
    jdmc := edt_jdmc.text;
    newnode := tv1.Items.add(node, jdmc);
    maxdwbh := maxdwbh + 1;
    New(pinteger);
    pinteger^ := maxdwbh;
    newnode.data := pinteger;

    if node = nil then
      fdwbh := 0
    else if node.Level = 0 then
      fdwbh := 0
    else
      fdwbh := Integer(node.Parent.data^);
    sql := 'insert into zzjgbmb(dwbh,fdwbh,dwmc) values(' + inttostr(maxdwbh) + ',' + inttostr(fdwbh) + ',''' + jdmc + ''')';
    qry1.Close;
    qry1.SQL.Clear;
    qry1.SQL.Add(sql);
    qry1.ExecSQL;
    ShowMessage('单位"' + jdmc + '"添加成功！');
  except
    on e: Exception do
      ShowMessage(e.Message);
  end;
end;

procedure TForm1.btn_addzjdClick(Sender: TObject);
var
  jdmc, sql: string;
  fdwbh: integer;
  node, newnode: TTreeNode;
  pinteger: ^integer;
begin
  try
    jdmc := edt_jdmc.text;
    node := tv1.Selected;
    newnode := tv1.Items.AddChild(node, jdmc);
    maxdwbh := maxdwbh + 1;
    New(pinteger);
    pinteger^ := maxdwbh;
    newnode.Data := pinteger;
    if node = nil then
      Exit
    else
      fdwbh := Integer(node.data^);

    sql := 'insert into zzjgbmb(dwbh,fdwbh,dwmc) values(' + inttostr(maxdwbh) + ',' + inttostr(fdwbh) + ',''' + jdmc + ''')';
    qry1.Close;
    qry1.SQL.Clear;
    qry1.SQL.Add(sql);
    qry1.ExecSQL;
    ShowMessage('单位"' + jdmc + '"添加成功！');
  except
    on e: Exception do
      ShowMessage(e.Message);
  end;
end;

procedure TForm1.btn_delClick(Sender: TObject);
var
  node: TTreeNode;
  dwbh: integer;
  sql: string;
begin
  try
    node := tv1.Selected;
    node.Delete;
    dwbh := Integer(node.data^);
    sql := 'exec p_zzjgbmb_delnode ' + inttostr(dwbh);
    qry1.Close;
    qry1.SQL.Clear;
    qry1.SQL.Add(sql);
    qry1.ExecSQL;
  except
    on e: Exception do
      ShowMessage(e.Message);
  end;
end;

procedure TForm1.btn_xsClick(Sender: TObject);
begin
  try
    tv1.Items.Clear;
    addChildNodes(tv1, nil, qry1, 'zzjgbmb', 'dwbh', 'dwmc', 'fdwbh', '0');
  except
    on e: Exception do
      ShowMessage(e.Message);
  end;
end;

procedure TForm1.FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
var
  sql: string;
begin
  try
    maxdwbh := 0;
    sql := 'select max(dwbh) maxdwbh from zzjgbmb';
    qry1.Close;
    qry1.SQL.Clear;
    qry1.SQL.Add(sql);
    qry1.Open;
    if not qry1.isempty then
    begin
      qry1.First;
      maxdwbh := qry1.fieldbyname('maxdwbh').AsInteger;
    end;
  except
    on e: Exception do
      showmessage(e.message);
  end;
end;

end.

删除节点及其后代节点的存储过程

create procedure [dbo].[p_zzjgbmb_delnode](@dwbh int)
as
begin
  declare @tmp1 table (dwbh int)
  declare @tmp2 table (dwbh int)
  declare @tmp3 table (dwbh int)
  
  insert into @tmp1 select dwbh from zzjgbmb where fdwbh=@dwbh
  insert into @tmp3 select dwbh from @tmp1
  
  while exists(select dwbh from zzjgbmb where fdwbh in (select dwbh from @tmp1))
  begin
    delete @tmp2
    insert into @tmp2 select dwbh from zzjgbmb where fdwbh in (select dwbh from @tmp1)    
    delete @tmp1
    insert into @tmp1 select dwbh from @tmp2   
    insert into @tmp3 select dwbh from @tmp1 
  end 
  
  delete from zzjgbmb where dwbh in (select dwbh from @tmp3); 
  delete from zzjgbmb where dwbh = @dwbh
end

简单的界面