一. @Bean注解的作用

这是一个我们很常用的注解,作用是指示一个方法生成一个由Spring管理的Bean。

之前的文章都是使用的xml或者自定义形式的项目研究的,本篇是讲注解的,所以直接使用最简单的SpringBoot项目了,版本号:2.3.12.RELEASE

spring 注解注入多例Bean到 List spring@bean注解_Bean注解


spring 注解注入多例Bean到 List spring@bean注解_spring_02


本篇就已这个例子进行分析@Bean注解的实现方式

二. 先了解BeanFactoryPostProcessor

BeanFactoryPostProcessorBeanPostProcessor是不是一样的,关于BeanPostProcessor可以看这篇:Spring的BeanPostProcessor分析,千万别把两个搞混了。

BeanFactoryPostProcessor源码:

@FunctionalInterface
public interface BeanFactoryPostProcessor {
	/**
	 * 在标准初始化之后修改应用程序上下文的内部 bean 工厂。所有 bean 定义都将被加载,但还没有 bean 被实例化。
	 * 这允许覆盖或添加属性,甚至是急切初始化的 bean。
	 */
	void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException;

}

Spring IoC容器允许BeanFactoryPostProcessor在容器实例化任何bean之前读取bean的定义(配置元数据),并可以修改它或者实现bean动态代理等。同时可以定义多个BeanFactoryPostProcessor,通过设置’order’属性来确定各个BeanFactoryPostProcessor执行顺序。

与BeanFactoryPostProcessor相关的两个很重要的类:

  • BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor 这个接口是对BeanFactoryPostProcessor的进一步扩展,其中的postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry方法可以对BeanDefinition做更多的定义
  • ConfigurationClassPostProcessor 这个类实现了BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor,具体的实现了对Bean的扫描和BeanDefinition的修改

三. 源码分析

@Bean注解是在的org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext#refresh方法中被加载的,具体是在org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext#invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors方法中被扫描到的
首先来看refresh方法中的invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors这一步:

// Invoke factory processors registered as beans in the context.
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);

这个方法主要作用就是根据反射机制从BeanDefinitionRegistry(bean定义注册中心)中找到所有实现了BeanFactoryPostProcessor接口bean,并调用其postProcessBeanFactory()接口方法, 其实就是对Bean定义的增强/修改,同时也是一个非常有效的扩展点。跟进这个方法:

public static void invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(
			ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory, List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> beanFactoryPostProcessors) {
	//一开始进来的时候,beanFactoryPostProcessors中有三个BeanFactoryPostProcessor的实现,这三个与本篇关系不大就不详细说了,感兴趣的同学可以自行断点查看
	// Invoke BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors first, if any.
	// 如果有的话,首先执行 BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors
	Set<String> processedBeans = new HashSet<>();

	if (beanFactory instanceof BeanDefinitionRegistry) {
		BeanDefinitionRegistry registry = (BeanDefinitionRegistry) beanFactory;
		List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> regularPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>();
		List<BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor> registryProcessors = new ArrayList<>();

		for (BeanFactoryPostProcessor postProcessor : beanFactoryPostProcessors) {
			//如果入参的BeanFactoryPostProcessor 中有实现自BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor的
			// 那就先执行它的postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry  然后对beanFactoryPostProcessors中的进行分组
			if (postProcessor instanceof BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor) {
				BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor registryProcessor =
						(BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor) postProcessor;
				//
				registryProcessor.postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(registry);
				registryProcessors.add(registryProcessor);
			}
			else {
				regularPostProcessors.add(postProcessor);
			}
		}

		// Do not initialize FactoryBeans here: We need to leave all regular beans
		// uninitialized to let the bean factory post-processors apply to them!
		// Separate between BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors that implement
		// PriorityOrdered, Ordered, and the rest.
		List<BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor> currentRegistryProcessors = new ArrayList<>();

		// First, invoke the BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors that implement PriorityOrdered.
		// 首先,调用实现 PriorityOrdered 的 BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor
		
		// 这里是从beanFactory中查找BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor的Bean
		// 这里获取的结果是:org.springframework.context.annotation.internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor   能获取到这个的原因在下面写
		// 对应的类是:org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor  这个类也就是本篇的重点类
		String[] postProcessorNames =
				beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class, true, false);
		for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) {
			if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, PriorityOrdered.class)) {
				// ConfigurationClassPostProcessor实现了PriorityOrdered  所以优先处理  此处先实例化然后用于后续执行
				currentRegistryProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class));
				// 记录已实例化的  其实就是记录一下已经处理过的  后续需要排除
				processedBeans.add(ppName);
			}
		}
		sortPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, beanFactory);
		registryProcessors.addAll(currentRegistryProcessors);
		// 然后进入这个方法处理  这一步就是具体的ConfigurationClassPostProcessor的postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry执行逻辑了
		// 下面会详细分析  这里打个标记!!!!!!  方便搜索
		invokeBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, registry);
		currentRegistryProcessors.clear();

		// Next, invoke the BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors that implement Ordered.
		// 接下来,调用实现 Ordered 的 BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors
		postProcessorNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class, true, false);
		for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) {
			if (!processedBeans.contains(ppName) && beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, Ordered.class)) {
				currentRegistryProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class));
				processedBeans.add(ppName);
			}
		}
		sortPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, beanFactory);
		registryProcessors.addAll(currentRegistryProcessors);
		invokeBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, registry);
		currentRegistryProcessors.clear();

		// Finally, invoke all other BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors until no further ones appear.
		// 最后,循环调用所有其他BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors直到没有未处理的
		boolean reiterate = true;
		while (reiterate) {
			reiterate = false;
			postProcessorNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class, true, false);
			for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) {
				if (!processedBeans.contains(ppName)) {
					currentRegistryProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class));
					processedBeans.add(ppName);
					reiterate = true;
				}
			}
			sortPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, beanFactory);
			registryProcessors.addAll(currentRegistryProcessors);
			invokeBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, registry);
			currentRegistryProcessors.clear();
		}
		// 到这里 我们可以看到BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor处理流程是先处理PriorityOrdered的
		// 再处理Ordered的, 最后在循环处理所有的
		// 目的是先执行内置必要的BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor,在处理过程中可能会有添加新的BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor实现,
		// 然后重新获取,排除已执行的然后根据Ordered排序再执行实现了Ordered的
		// 上面两个都执行完成之后,不可避免的还会有其他的BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor实现
		// 最后就再把剩余的BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor实现再循环处理
		// 循环的原因也是因为在执行的过程中可能会有新的BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor实现添加,所以循环执行所有的
		
		// Now, invoke the postProcessBeanFactory callback of all processors handled so far.
		// 到这里再调用到目前为止处理的所有处理器的 postProcessBeanFactory 回调  也就是本方法入参beanFactoryPostProcessors进来的那几个
		// 其实就是BeanFactoryPostProcessor的postProcessBeanFactory
		invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(registryProcessors, beanFactory);
		invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(regularPostProcessors, beanFactory);
	}

	else {
		// Invoke factory processors registered with the context instance.
		invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactoryPostProcessors, beanFactory);
	}

	// Do not initialize FactoryBeans here: We need to leave all regular beans
	// uninitialized to let the bean factory post-processors apply to them!
	// 不要在此处初始化 FactoryBeans:我们需要让所有常规 bean 保持未初始化状态,以便 bean 工厂后处理器应用到它们!

	// 从工厂中查找BeanFactoryPostProcessor的实现
	String[] postProcessorNames =
			beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanFactoryPostProcessor.class, true, false);

	// Separate between BeanFactoryPostProcessors that implement PriorityOrdered,
	// Ordered, and the rest.
	// 将实现 PriorityOrdered、Ordered、其余部分 的 BeanFactoryPostProcessor 分组
	List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> priorityOrderedPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>();
	List<String> orderedPostProcessorNames = new ArrayList<>();
	List<String> nonOrderedPostProcessorNames = new ArrayList<>();
	for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) {
		if (processedBeans.contains(ppName)) {
			// 跳过在上面已经执行过的,其实在我们的例子中这里跳过的就是上面执行过的ConfigurationClassPostProcessor
			// skip - already processed in first phase above
		}
		else if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, PriorityOrdered.class)) {
			priorityOrderedPostProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanFactoryPostProcessor.class));
		}
		else if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, Ordered.class)) {
			orderedPostProcessorNames.add(ppName);
		}
		else {
			nonOrderedPostProcessorNames.add(ppName);
		}
	}

	// 然后再根据分组结果,依次执行BeanFactoryPostProcessor的处理流程

	// First, invoke the BeanFactoryPostProcessors that implement PriorityOrdered.
	// 首先,调用实现 PriorityOrdered 的 BeanFactoryPostProcessor
	sortPostProcessors(priorityOrderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);
	invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(priorityOrderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);

	// Next, invoke the BeanFactoryPostProcessors that implement Ordered.
	// 接下来,调用实现 Ordered 的 BeanFactoryPostProcessors
	List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> orderedPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>(orderedPostProcessorNames.size());
	for (String postProcessorName : orderedPostProcessorNames) {
		orderedPostProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(postProcessorName, BeanFactoryPostProcessor.class));
	}
	sortPostProcessors(orderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);
	invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(orderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);

	// Finally, invoke all other BeanFactoryPostProcessors.
	// 最后,调用所有其他 BeanFactoryPostProcessor
	List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> nonOrderedPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>(nonOrderedPostProcessorNames.size());
	for (String postProcessorName : nonOrderedPostProcessorNames) {
		nonOrderedPostProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(postProcessorName, BeanFactoryPostProcessor.class));
	}
	invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(nonOrderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);

	// Clear cached merged bean definitions since the post-processors might have
	// modified the original metadata, e.g. replacing placeholders in values...
	beanFactory.clearMetadataCache();
}

上面这段源码贴出来,并写了一些注释,主要是说明了这个方法的大体执行逻辑,我们本篇分析的是@Bean的原理,所以我们重点看其中的:invokeBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, registry);这一步(源码中注释标记“!!!!!!”的那一步),也就是实现了PriorityOrderedBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor处理。

在进行重点源码分析前先说一下为什么在beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class, true, false);这一步能获取到org.springframework.context.annotation.internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor,原因是SpringBoot在启动时候,org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication#run(java.lang.String...)方法中有一步:context = createApplicationContext();,其中创建了容器:org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.AnnotationConfigServletWebServerApplicationContext,在实例化这个容器的时候,他的无参构造会执行到:org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigUtils#registerAnnotationConfigProcessors(org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionRegistry, java.lang.Object)这个方法,这个里面给Spring工厂中注册了org.springframework.context.annotation.internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor,这一步大家可以找到地方自行断点查看,不是本篇的重点就不详细说了。

进入invokeBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors方法:

private static void invokeBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors(
		Collection<? extends BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor> postProcessors, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
	// 根据我们上面跟进的内容,这里的postProcessors只有一个值:ConfigurationClassPostProcessor
	for (BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor postProcessor : postProcessors) {
		postProcessor.postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(registry);
	}
}

所以我们跟进到org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor#postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry看:

public void postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
	int registryId = System.identityHashCode(registry);
	if (this.registriesPostProcessed.contains(registryId)) {
		throw new IllegalStateException(
				"postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry already called on this post-processor against " + registry);
	}
	if (this.factoriesPostProcessed.contains(registryId)) {
		throw new IllegalStateException(
				"postProcessBeanFactory already called on this post-processor against " + registry);
	}
	this.registriesPostProcessed.add(registryId);

	processConfigBeanDefinitions(registry);
}

然后继续跟进到:processConfigBeanDefinitions(registry);

public void processConfigBeanDefinitions(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
	List<BeanDefinitionHolder> configCandidates = new ArrayList<>();
	// 获取工厂中的BeanDefinitionNames
	String[] candidateNames = registry.getBeanDefinitionNames();

	//循环所有的BeanNames 找出候选配置类
	for (String beanName : candidateNames) {
		BeanDefinition beanDef = registry.getBeanDefinition(beanName);
		if (beanDef.getAttribute(ConfigurationClassUtils.CONFIGURATION_CLASS_ATTRIBUTE) != null) {
			if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
				logger.debug("Bean definition has already been processed as a configuration class: " + beanDef);
			}
		}
		else if (ConfigurationClassUtils.checkConfigurationClassCandidate(beanDef, this.metadataReaderFactory)) {
			// 在本例中这里其实就是SpringBoot的启动类   因为@SpringBootApplication注解是个组合注解,其中包含@Configuration注解
			configCandidates.add(new BeanDefinitionHolder(beanDef, beanName));
		}
	}

	// Return immediately if no @Configuration classes were found
	// 如果没有找到 @Configuration 类,则立即返回
	if (configCandidates.isEmpty()) {
		return;
	}

	// Sort by previously determined @Order value, if applicable
	// 按@Order 值排序(如果合适)
	configCandidates.sort((bd1, bd2) -> {
		int i1 = ConfigurationClassUtils.getOrder(bd1.getBeanDefinition());
		int i2 = ConfigurationClassUtils.getOrder(bd2.getBeanDefinition());
		return Integer.compare(i1, i2);
	});

	// Detect any custom bean name generation strategy supplied through the enclosing application context
	// 检测通过应用程序上下文提供的任何自定义 bean 名称生成策略  默认没有
	SingletonBeanRegistry sbr = null;
	if (registry instanceof SingletonBeanRegistry) {
		sbr = (SingletonBeanRegistry) registry;
		if (!this.localBeanNameGeneratorSet) {
			BeanNameGenerator generator = (BeanNameGenerator) sbr.getSingleton(
					AnnotationConfigUtils.CONFIGURATION_BEAN_NAME_GENERATOR);
			if (generator != null) {
				this.componentScanBeanNameGenerator = generator;
				this.importBeanNameGenerator = generator;
			}
		}
	}

	if (this.environment == null) {
		this.environment = new StandardEnvironment();
	}

	// Parse each @Configuration class
	// 解析每个 @Configuration 类
	ConfigurationClassParser parser = new ConfigurationClassParser(
			this.metadataReaderFactory, this.problemReporter, this.environment,
			this.resourceLoader, this.componentScanBeanNameGenerator, registry);

	Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> candidates = new LinkedHashSet<>(configCandidates);
	Set<ConfigurationClass> alreadyParsed = new HashSet<>(configCandidates.size());
	do {
		// 解析的重点方法  
		// 这里面会进行包扫描并处理@Bean等注解的解析,并封装成ConfigurationClass,设置对应的标记BeanMethod
		// 下面会展开分析这个方法  
		parser.parse(candidates);
		parser.validate();

		Set<ConfigurationClass> configClasses = new LinkedHashSet<>(parser.getConfigurationClasses());
		configClasses.removeAll(alreadyParsed);

		// Read the model and create bean definitions based on its content
		if (this.reader == null) {
			this.reader = new ConfigurationClassBeanDefinitionReader(
					registry, this.sourceExtractor, this.resourceLoader, this.environment,
					this.importBeanNameGenerator, parser.getImportRegistry());
		}
		// 到这里已经获取到所有的配置类并封装成ConfigurationClass
		// 通过ConfigurationClass的BeanMethod解析@Bean注解的相关内容并构造出要注册的对象的BeanDefinition
		// 最后注册到工厂中去
		// 这一步下面也会展开解析
		this.reader.loadBeanDefinitions(configClasses);
		alreadyParsed.addAll(configClasses);

		candidates.clear();
		if (registry.getBeanDefinitionCount() > candidateNames.length) {
			String[] newCandidateNames = registry.getBeanDefinitionNames();
			Set<String> oldCandidateNames = new HashSet<>(Arrays.asList(candidateNames));
			Set<String> alreadyParsedClasses = new HashSet<>();
			for (ConfigurationClass configurationClass : alreadyParsed) {
				alreadyParsedClasses.add(configurationClass.getMetadata().getClassName());
			}
			for (String candidateName : newCandidateNames) {
				if (!oldCandidateNames.contains(candidateName)) {
					BeanDefinition bd = registry.getBeanDefinition(candidateName);
					if (ConfigurationClassUtils.checkConfigurationClassCandidate(bd, this.metadataReaderFactory) &&
							!alreadyParsedClasses.contains(bd.getBeanClassName())) {
						candidates.add(new BeanDefinitionHolder(bd, candidateName));
					}
				}
			}
			candidateNames = newCandidateNames;
		}
	}
	while (!candidates.isEmpty());

	// Register the ImportRegistry as a bean in order to support ImportAware @Configuration classes
	if (sbr != null && !sbr.containsSingleton(IMPORT_REGISTRY_BEAN_NAME)) {
		sbr.registerSingleton(IMPORT_REGISTRY_BEAN_NAME, parser.getImportRegistry());
	}

	if (this.metadataReaderFactory instanceof CachingMetadataReaderFactory) {
		// Clear cache in externally provided MetadataReaderFactory; this is a no-op
		// for a shared cache since it'll be cleared by the ApplicationContext.
		((CachingMetadataReaderFactory) this.metadataReaderFactory).clearCache();
	}
}

这个方法大家看下注释,我们重点看下面这两个方法:

  • parser.parse(candidates);
  • this.reader.loadBeanDefinitions(configClasses); 这两个方法是核心,依次分开解析:

3.1 parser.parse(candidates)解析

进入源码:org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser#parse(java.util.Set<org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanDefinitionHolder>)跟进:

public void parse(Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> configCandidates) {
	for (BeanDefinitionHolder holder : configCandidates) {
		BeanDefinition bd = holder.getBeanDefinition();
		try {
			if (bd instanceof AnnotatedBeanDefinition) {
				// 注解类型的BeanDefinition 我们的SpringBoot启动类会进入这个  所以进入这个parse方法
				parse(((AnnotatedBeanDefinition) bd).getMetadata(), holder.getBeanName());
			}
			else if (bd instanceof AbstractBeanDefinition && ((AbstractBeanDefinition) bd).hasBeanClass()) {
				parse(((AbstractBeanDefinition) bd).getBeanClass(), holder.getBeanName());
			}
			else {
				parse(bd.getBeanClassName(), holder.getBeanName());
			}
		}
		catch (BeanDefinitionStoreException ex) {
			throw ex;
		}
		catch (Throwable ex) {
			throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
					"Failed to parse configuration class [" + bd.getBeanClassName() + "]", ex);
		}
	}

	this.deferredImportSelectorHandler.process();
}

跟进parse(((AnnotatedBeanDefinition) bd).getMetadata(), holder.getBeanName());来到:org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser#processConfigurationClass

protected void processConfigurationClass(ConfigurationClass configClass, Predicate<String> filter) throws IOException {
	if (this.conditionEvaluator.shouldSkip(configClass.getMetadata(), ConfigurationPhase.PARSE_CONFIGURATION)) {
		return;
	}
	// 这里是第一次加载 所以肯定是空的
	ConfigurationClass existingClass = this.configurationClasses.get(configClass);
	if (existingClass != null) {
		if (configClass.isImported()) {
			if (existingClass.isImported()) {
				existingClass.mergeImportedBy(configClass);
			}
			// Otherwise ignore new imported config class; existing non-imported class overrides it.
			return;
		}
		else {
			// Explicit bean definition found, probably replacing an import.
			// Let's remove the old one and go with the new one.
			this.configurationClasses.remove(configClass);
			this.knownSuperclasses.values().removeIf(configClass::equals);
		}
	}

	// Recursively process the configuration class and its superclass hierarchy.
	// 递归处理配置类及其超类层次结构
	// 这一步是做校验并封装成SourceClass 
	SourceClass sourceClass = asSourceClass(configClass, filter);
	do {
		// 循环递归处理 
		sourceClass = doProcessConfigurationClass(configClass, sourceClass, filter);
	}
	while (sourceClass != null);

	// 处理完成后加入缓存
	this.configurationClasses.put(configClass, configClass);
}

详细看:doProcessConfigurationClass(configClass, sourceClass, filter);org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser#doProcessConfigurationClass

protected final SourceClass doProcessConfigurationClass(
			ConfigurationClass configClass, SourceClass sourceClass, Predicate<String> filter)
			throws IOException {

	// 是不是有Component注解  启动类的@SpringBootApplication注解中有Component注解 所以会进入if
	if (configClass.getMetadata().isAnnotated(Component.class.getName())) {
		// Recursively process any member (nested) classes first
		// 首先递归处理任何成员(嵌套)类   这个类没有嵌套  所以略过
		processMemberClasses(configClass, sourceClass, filter);
	}

	// Process any @PropertySource annotations
	// 处理任何 @PropertySource 注释   没有这个注释所以跳过
	for (AnnotationAttributes propertySource : AnnotationConfigUtils.attributesForRepeatable(
			sourceClass.getMetadata(), PropertySources.class,
			org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource.class)) {
		if (this.environment instanceof ConfigurableEnvironment) {
			processPropertySource(propertySource);
		}
		else {
			logger.info("Ignoring @PropertySource annotation on [" + sourceClass.getMetadata().getClassName() +
					"]. Reason: Environment must implement ConfigurableEnvironment");
		}
	}

	// Process any @ComponentScan annotations
	// 处理任何@ComponentScan注释      @SpringBootApplication注解中有@ComponentScan注解 所以会获取到一个AnnotationAttributes
	Set<AnnotationAttributes> componentScans = AnnotationConfigUtils.attributesForRepeatable(
			sourceClass.getMetadata(), ComponentScans.class, ComponentScan.class);
	if (!componentScans.isEmpty() &&
			!this.conditionEvaluator.shouldSkip(sourceClass.getMetadata(), ConfigurationPhase.REGISTER_BEAN)) {
		for (AnnotationAttributes componentScan : componentScans) {
			// The config class is annotated with @ComponentScan -> perform the scan immediately
			// 配置类使用 @ComponentScan 注解 -> 立即执行扫描
			// 这一步是重点  下面会展开解析
			Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> scannedBeanDefinitions =
					this.componentScanParser.parse(componentScan, sourceClass.getMetadata().getClassName());
			// Check the set of scanned definitions for any further config classes and parse recursively if needed
			// 检查扫描出来的Bean定义,如果需要并循环解析更深层级的配置
			for (BeanDefinitionHolder holder : scannedBeanDefinitions) {
				BeanDefinition bdCand = holder.getBeanDefinition().getOriginatingBeanDefinition();
				if (bdCand == null) {
					bdCand = holder.getBeanDefinition();
				}
				if (ConfigurationClassUtils.checkConfigurationClassCandidate(bdCand, this.metadataReaderFactory)) {
					// 再次解析
					parse(bdCand.getBeanClassName(), holder.getBeanName());
				}
			}
		}
	}

	// Process any @Import annotations
	// 处理任何 @Import 注释
	processImports(configClass, sourceClass, getImports(sourceClass), filter, true);

	// Process any @ImportResource annotations
	// 处理任何 @ImportResource 注释
	AnnotationAttributes importResource =
			AnnotationConfigUtils.attributesFor(sourceClass.getMetadata(), ImportResource.class);
	if (importResource != null) {
		String[] resources = importResource.getStringArray("locations");
		Class<? extends BeanDefinitionReader> readerClass = importResource.getClass("reader");
		for (String resource : resources) {
			String resolvedResource = this.environment.resolveRequiredPlaceholders(resource);
			configClass.addImportedResource(resolvedResource, readerClass);
		}
	}

	// Process individual @Bean methods
	// 处理单个 @Bean 方法
	Set<MethodMetadata> beanMethods = retrieveBeanMethodMetadata(sourceClass);
	// 获取到所有的@Bean方法的元数据
	for (MethodMetadata methodMetadata : beanMethods) {
		// 封装成BeanMethod添加到ConfigurationClass
		configClass.addBeanMethod(new BeanMethod(methodMetadata, configClass));
	}

	// Process default methods on interfaces
	// 处理接口上的默认方法
	processInterfaces(configClass, sourceClass);

	// Process superclass, if any
	if (sourceClass.getMetadata().hasSuperClass()) {
		String superclass = sourceClass.getMetadata().getSuperClassName();
		if (superclass != null && !superclass.startsWith("java") &&
				!this.knownSuperclasses.containsKey(superclass)) {
			this.knownSuperclasses.put(superclass, configClass);
			// Superclass found, return its annotation metadata and recurse
			return sourceClass.getSuperClass();
		}
	}

	// No superclass -> processing is complete
	return null;
}

上面这段代码步骤是:

  1. 先处理@Component的嵌套类
  2. 再处理@PropertySource
  3. 再处理@ComponentScan,这一步是包扫描的重点过程,扫描到包路径下的所有符合条件的Bean并封装成BeanDefinitionHolder返回
  4. 再处理@Import
  5. 再处理@ImportResource
  6. 再处理@Bean,将扫描出来的所有@Bean元数据记录下来
  7. 再处理接口上的@Bean
  8. 如果有父类处理父类

我们重点来看@ComponentScan的这一步,所以跟进this.componentScanParser.parse(componentScan, sourceClass.getMetadata().getClassName());

public Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> parse(AnnotationAttributes componentScan, final String declaringClass) {
	// 创建BeanDefinition的扫描器
	ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner scanner = new ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner(this.registry,
			componentScan.getBoolean("useDefaultFilters"), this.environment, this.resourceLoader);

	//获取@ComponentScan注解的nameGenerator Class
	Class<? extends BeanNameGenerator> generatorClass = componentScan.getClass("nameGenerator");
	boolean useInheritedGenerator = (BeanNameGenerator.class == generatorClass);
	scanner.setBeanNameGenerator(useInheritedGenerator ? this.beanNameGenerator :
			BeanUtils.instantiateClass(generatorClass));

	//获取@ComponentScan注解的scopedProxy
	ScopedProxyMode scopedProxyMode = componentScan.getEnum("scopedProxy");
	if (scopedProxyMode != ScopedProxyMode.DEFAULT) {
		scanner.setScopedProxyMode(scopedProxyMode);
	}
	else {
		Class<? extends ScopeMetadataResolver> resolverClass = componentScan.getClass("scopeResolver");
		scanner.setScopeMetadataResolver(BeanUtils.instantiateClass(resolverClass));
	}

	//获取@ComponentScan注解的resourcePattern
	scanner.setResourcePattern(componentScan.getString("resourcePattern"));

	//获取@ComponentScan注解的includeFilters
	for (AnnotationAttributes filter : componentScan.getAnnotationArray("includeFilters")) {
		for (TypeFilter typeFilter : typeFiltersFor(filter)) {
			scanner.addIncludeFilter(typeFilter);
		}
	}
	//获取@ComponentScan注解的excludeFilters
	for (AnnotationAttributes filter : componentScan.getAnnotationArray("excludeFilters")) {
		for (TypeFilter typeFilter : typeFiltersFor(filter)) {
			scanner.addExcludeFilter(typeFilter);
		}
	}

	//获取@ComponentScan注解的lazyInit
	boolean lazyInit = componentScan.getBoolean("lazyInit");
	if (lazyInit) {
		scanner.getBeanDefinitionDefaults().setLazyInit(true);
	}

	Set<String> basePackages = new LinkedHashSet<>();
	// 获取@ComponentScan注解的basePackages  
	// 获取配置的扫描包路径,这个大家应该用过,有时候会在启动类上配置这个用来自定义包扫描路径
	// 在我们的例子中是没有配置的  所有这个为空
	String[] basePackagesArray = componentScan.getStringArray("basePackages");
	for (String pkg : basePackagesArray) {
		String[] tokenized = StringUtils.tokenizeToStringArray(this.environment.resolvePlaceholders(pkg),
				ConfigurableApplicationContext.CONFIG_LOCATION_DELIMITERS);
		Collections.addAll(basePackages, tokenized);
	}
	for (Class<?> clazz : componentScan.getClassArray("basePackageClasses")) {
		basePackages.add(ClassUtils.getPackageName(clazz));
	}
	// 如果没有配置basePackages   那么取启动类所在的包路径!!!
	if (basePackages.isEmpty()) {
		basePackages.add(ClassUtils.getPackageName(declaringClass));
	}

	scanner.addExcludeFilter(new AbstractTypeHierarchyTraversingFilter(false, false) {
		@Override
		protected boolean matchClassName(String className) {
			return declaringClass.equals(className);
		}
	});
	// 根据获取到的包路径进行扫描  在我们的例子中这里就是启动类所在的包com.ygz.test1
	return scanner.doScan(StringUtils.toStringArray(basePackages));
}

这段代码主要是解析@ComponentScan注解的元数据,并获取到要扫描的包路径,代码不难就不细说了大家看注释就行,我们接着跟进到scanner.doScan(StringUtils.toStringArray(basePackages));

protected Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> doScan(String... basePackages) {
	Assert.notEmpty(basePackages, "At least one base package must be specified");
	Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> beanDefinitions = new LinkedHashSet<>();
	// 循环要扫描的包路径  我们的例子中只有一个
	for (String basePackage : basePackages) {
		// 通过包路径进行扫描 把所有扫描出来的Bean封装成BeanDefinition返回出来
		// 这一步其实就是spring的Bean扫描流程了,本篇主要是@Bean的解析过程,这里就不深入跟进了,里面内容较多  大家可以自行debug查看
		Set<BeanDefinition> candidates = findCandidateComponents(basePackage);
		// 这个循环主要是把获取到的BeanDefinition做进一步的处理
		// 设置scope、设置其他的一些属性、检查是否需要代理需要的话创建代理等  最终把这个BeanDefinition 注册到工厂中
		for (BeanDefinition candidate : candidates) {
			ScopeMetadata scopeMetadata = this.scopeMetadataResolver.resolveScopeMetadata(candidate);
			candidate.setScope(scopeMetadata.getScopeName());
			String beanName = this.beanNameGenerator.generateBeanName(candidate, this.registry);
			if (candidate instanceof AbstractBeanDefinition) {
				postProcessBeanDefinition((AbstractBeanDefinition) candidate, beanName);
			}
			if (candidate instanceof AnnotatedBeanDefinition) {
				AnnotationConfigUtils.processCommonDefinitionAnnotations((AnnotatedBeanDefinition) candidate);
			}
			if (checkCandidate(beanName, candidate)) {
				BeanDefinitionHolder definitionHolder = new BeanDefinitionHolder(candidate, beanName);
				definitionHolder =
						AnnotationConfigUtils.applyScopedProxyMode(scopeMetadata, definitionHolder, this.registry);
				beanDefinitions.add(definitionHolder);
				registerBeanDefinition(definitionHolder, this.registry);
			}
		}
	}
	return beanDefinitions;
}

到这里就已经扫描到所有的Bean的BeanDefinition 并注册到工厂了,返回所有的BeanDefinition ,然后我们回到org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser#doProcessConfigurationClass方法的解析@ComponentScan代码位置,通过Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> scannedBeanDefinitions = this.componentScanParser.parse(componentScan, sourceClass.getMetadata().getClassName());这一步拿到了扫描出来的所有BeanDefinition ,然后循环每一个并检查是不是配置类,然后如果是配置类,那么再次调用解析方法解析配置类,这里其实类似递归过程。下面把这部分代码再贴出来一下

// 这一段是org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser#doProcessConfigurationClass方法解析@ComponentScan注解的部分代码


// The config class is annotated with @ComponentScan -> perform the scan immediately
// 通过@ComponentScan扫描出所有的Bean并获取到BeanDefinitionHolder
Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> scannedBeanDefinitions =
		this.componentScanParser.parse(componentScan, sourceClass.getMetadata().getClassName());
// Check the set of scanned definitions for any further config classes and parse recursively if needed
// 循环判断是不是配置类,如果是配置类那么继续递归解析
for (BeanDefinitionHolder holder : scannedBeanDefinitions) {
	BeanDefinition bdCand = holder.getBeanDefinition().getOriginatingBeanDefinition();
	if (bdCand == null) {
		bdCand = holder.getBeanDefinition();
	}
	// 在我们的例子中,TestConfig类标记有@Configuration注解,所以是配置类,会进入这个if
	// 然后会在parse方法中继续递归的去解析TestConfig类,在解析到@Bean注解的时候就会把TestConfig类的myTest()方法扫描出来
	// 这里这个递归大家要能理解,这里第一次parse是通过SpringBoot的启动类扫描所有的Bean
	// 获取到所有的BeanDefinition之后循环每一个,查看是不是配置类,如果是配置类那么递归调用parse方法
	// 比如在我们的例子中TestConfig被启动类扫描到之后,会在这里再次被parse,然后再次进入本方法(就是doProcessConfigurationClass)
	// 当再次进入之后,TestConfig中有方法myTest()标记了@Bean注解  那么就会被@Bean注解处理流程处理 这个处理我们下面会跟进
	// 这里大家要弄清楚这个递归流程  如果看文章看不明白可以debug跟进查看
	if (ConfigurationClassUtils.checkConfigurationClassCandidate(bdCand, this.metadataReaderFactory)) {
		parse(bdCand.getBeanClassName(), holder.getBeanName());
	}
}

在上面这段代码中ConfigurationClassUtils.checkConfigurationClassCandidate(bdCand, this.metadataReaderFactory)这个判断里有一个小细节这里提一下,我们直接看这段代码中的部分(不把代码全贴出来,大家可以自己点进源码看):

Map<String, Object> config = metadata.getAnnotationAttributes(Configuration.class.getName());
if (config != null && !Boolean.FALSE.equals(config.get("proxyBeanMethods"))) {
	beanDef.setAttribute(CONFIGURATION_CLASS_ATTRIBUTE, CONFIGURATION_CLASS_FULL);
}
else if (config != null || isConfigurationCandidate(metadata)) {
	beanDef.setAttribute(CONFIGURATION_CLASS_ATTRIBUTE, CONFIGURATION_CLASS_LITE);
}
else {
	return false;
}

这段代码中有一个获取@Configuration注解的proxyBeanMethods属性值的判断,这个其实是Spring配置类的一种类型/模式,具体这里也不分析了有点脱离主题,直接贴一下结论:
如果 Class上标注有@Component注解、@ComponentScan注解、@Import注解、@ImportResource注解、类上没有任何注解,存在@Bean方法、@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false) 这几种情况下认为是lite模式的配置类
那么对应的full模式就是上面代码中判断的@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = true)这种情况下认为是 full模式
那么fulllite模式的区别是什么呢?
对于full模式:full模式下的配置类会被CGLIB代理生成代理类取代原始类型(在容器中);full模式下的@Bean方法不能是private和final;单例scope下不同@Bean方法可以互相引用,达到单实例的语义
对于lite模式:lite模式下的配置类不生成代理,原始类型进入容器;lite模式下的@Bean方法可以是private和final;单例scope下不同@Bean方法引用时无法做到单例

好了关于fulllite模式就简单说这些,感兴趣的小伙伴可以再深入研究,细讲篇幅实在太长了,我们回到正题。

至此我们分析完了从SpringBoot启动类进入包扫描,然后获取所有扫描到的Bean对象的BeanDefinition,然后递归处理再次解析配置类,当被扫描到的Bean有@Bean注解时,会走org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser#doProcessConfigurationClass方法的@Bean注解处理流程,也就是这部分:

//这部分代码是org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser#doProcessConfigurationClass的一小段
//这段专门处理@Bean注解的

// Process individual @Bean methods
// 通过上面的分析我们知道了,对于我们例子中TestConfig类中有@Bean注解,所以我们这里认为代码运行到parse到TestConfig了
// 然后下面这一步的sourceClass其实就是TestConfig的SourceClass对象,在这一步获取TestConfig中的@Bean标记的方法
// 这个就不跟进去分析了  这一步获取到的就是Bean里面所有的@Bean标记的方法
Set<MethodMetadata> beanMethods = retrieveBeanMethodMetadata(sourceClass);
// 然后循环把这些添加到configClass记录
for (MethodMetadata methodMetadata : beanMethods) {
	configClass.addBeanMethod(new BeanMethod(methodMetadata, configClass));
}

那么至此,经过SpringBoot启动类扫描了所有Bean,然后所有扫描出来的Bean也递归的parse完成了,那么就返回到org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor#processConfigBeanDefinitions方法中的parser.parse(candidates);这一步,经过这些步骤之后,扫描到的所有的Bean对应的BeanDefinition也注册完成了。然后我们来看接下来该方法中的:this.reader.loadBeanDefinitions(configClasses);

3.2 this.reader.loadBeanDefinitions(configClasses)解析

org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor#processConfigBeanDefinitions方法中调用this.reader.loadBeanDefinitions(configClasses);时会传入之前已解析到的所有ConfigurationClass,这个Set有很多值,但是我们本次只分析@Bean的内容,所以我们就看TestConfig类的流程。跟进org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassBeanDefinitionReader#loadBeanDefinitions方法:

public void loadBeanDefinitions(Set<ConfigurationClass> configurationModel) {
	// 传入了所有的ConfigurationClass
	TrackedConditionEvaluator trackedConditionEvaluator = new TrackedConditionEvaluator();
	for (ConfigurationClass configClass : configurationModel) {
		// 由于我们只分析@Bean注解,所以我们就当成本次循环到了TestConfig类,然后跟进下面这个方法
		loadBeanDefinitionsForConfigurationClass(configClass, trackedConditionEvaluator);
	}
}

跟进loadBeanDefinitionsForConfigurationClass(configClass, trackedConditionEvaluator);方法(假设此时入参是TestConfigConfigurationClass )

private void loadBeanDefinitionsForConfigurationClass(
			ConfigurationClass configClass, TrackedConditionEvaluator trackedConditionEvaluator) {

	if (trackedConditionEvaluator.shouldSkip(configClass)) {
		String beanName = configClass.getBeanName();
		if (StringUtils.hasLength(beanName) && this.registry.containsBeanDefinition(beanName)) {
			this.registry.removeBeanDefinition(beanName);
		}
		this.importRegistry.removeImportingClass(configClass.getMetadata().getClassName());
		return;
	}

	if (configClass.isImported()) {
		registerBeanDefinitionForImportedConfigurationClass(configClass);
	}
	// 前面我们分析的parse方法递归的过程中,TestConfig的@Bean方法会加载成MethodMetadata并添加到了configClass的BeanMethods中
	// 这里就是把之前解析并记录的BeanMethod 取出来循环load
	for (BeanMethod beanMethod : configClass.getBeanMethods()) {
		// load每一个BeanMethod 并转成BeanDefinition注册当工厂中
		loadBeanDefinitionsForBeanMethod(beanMethod);
	}

	loadBeanDefinitionsFromImportedResources(configClass.getImportedResources());
	loadBeanDefinitionsFromRegistrars(configClass.getImportBeanDefinitionRegistrars());
}

通过上面这段代码我们跟进:loadBeanDefinitionsForBeanMethod(beanMethod);

private void loadBeanDefinitionsForBeanMethod(BeanMethod beanMethod) {
	ConfigurationClass configClass = beanMethod.getConfigurationClass();
	MethodMetadata metadata = beanMethod.getMetadata();
	String methodName = metadata.getMethodName();

	// Do we need to mark the bean as skipped by its condition?
	if (this.conditionEvaluator.shouldSkip(metadata, ConfigurationPhase.REGISTER_BEAN)) {
		configClass.skippedBeanMethods.add(methodName);
		return;
	}
	if (configClass.skippedBeanMethods.contains(methodName)) {
		return;
	}
	
	//获取@Bean注解的属性值
	AnnotationAttributes bean = AnnotationConfigUtils.attributesFor(metadata, Bean.class);
	Assert.state(bean != null, "No @Bean annotation attributes");

	// Consider name and any aliases
	// 获取Bean的名称和别名
	List<String> names = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(bean.getStringArray("name")));
	// 如果@Bean注解的name属性为空,那么获取@Bean注解标记的方法的名字为beanName  否则就取name属性的第一个的值并将其删除
	// 在我们的例子TestConfig中,@Bean并没有name属性设置,所以@Bean标记方法生成的spring Bean对象的名称就是方法名:myTest
	String beanName = (!names.isEmpty() ? names.remove(0) : methodName);

	// Register aliases even when overridden
	for (String alias : names) {
		this.registry.registerAlias(beanName, alias);
	}

	//后续就是一些其他的属性设置和代理相关的  就不一个一个写了

	// Has this effectively been overridden before (e.g. via XML)?
	if (isOverriddenByExistingDefinition(beanMethod, beanName)) {
		if (beanName.equals(beanMethod.getConfigurationClass().getBeanName())) {
			throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(beanMethod.getConfigurationClass().getResource().getDescription(),
					beanName, "Bean name derived from @Bean method '" + beanMethod.getMetadata().getMethodName() +
					"' clashes with bean name for containing configuration class; please make those names unique!");
		}
		return;
	}

	ConfigurationClassBeanDefinition beanDef = new ConfigurationClassBeanDefinition(configClass, metadata, beanName);
	beanDef.setSource(this.sourceExtractor.extractSource(metadata, configClass.getResource()));

	if (metadata.isStatic()) {
		// static @Bean method
		if (configClass.getMetadata() instanceof StandardAnnotationMetadata) {
			beanDef.setBeanClass(((StandardAnnotationMetadata) configClass.getMetadata()).getIntrospectedClass());
		}
		else {
			beanDef.setBeanClassName(configClass.getMetadata().getClassName());
		}
		beanDef.setUniqueFactoryMethodName(methodName);
	}
	else {
		// instance @Bean method
		beanDef.setFactoryBeanName(configClass.getBeanName());
		beanDef.setUniqueFactoryMethodName(methodName);
	}

	if (metadata instanceof StandardMethodMetadata) {
		beanDef.setResolvedFactoryMethod(((StandardMethodMetadata) metadata).getIntrospectedMethod());
	}

	beanDef.setAutowireMode(AbstractBeanDefinition.AUTOWIRE_CONSTRUCTOR);
	beanDef.setAttribute(org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.RequiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.
			SKIP_REQUIRED_CHECK_ATTRIBUTE, Boolean.TRUE);

	AnnotationConfigUtils.processCommonDefinitionAnnotations(beanDef, metadata);

	Autowire autowire = bean.getEnum("autowire");
	if (autowire.isAutowire()) {
		beanDef.setAutowireMode(autowire.value());
	}

	boolean autowireCandidate = bean.getBoolean("autowireCandidate");
	if (!autowireCandidate) {
		beanDef.setAutowireCandidate(false);
	}

	String initMethodName = bean.getString("initMethod");
	if (StringUtils.hasText(initMethodName)) {
		beanDef.setInitMethodName(initMethodName);
	}

	String destroyMethodName = bean.getString("destroyMethod");
	beanDef.setDestroyMethodName(destroyMethodName);

	// Consider scoping
	ScopedProxyMode proxyMode = ScopedProxyMode.NO;
	AnnotationAttributes attributes = AnnotationConfigUtils.attributesFor(metadata, Scope.class);
	if (attributes != null) {
		beanDef.setScope(attributes.getString("value"));
		proxyMode = attributes.getEnum("proxyMode");
		if (proxyMode == ScopedProxyMode.DEFAULT) {
			proxyMode = ScopedProxyMode.NO;
		}
	}

	// Replace the original bean definition with the target one, if necessary
	// 如有必要,将原始 bean 定义替换为代理目标
	BeanDefinition beanDefToRegister = beanDef;
	if (proxyMode != ScopedProxyMode.NO) {
		BeanDefinitionHolder proxyDef = ScopedProxyCreator.createScopedProxy(
				new BeanDefinitionHolder(beanDef, beanName), this.registry,
				proxyMode == ScopedProxyMode.TARGET_CLASS);
		beanDefToRegister = new ConfigurationClassBeanDefinition(
				(RootBeanDefinition) proxyDef.getBeanDefinition(), configClass, metadata, beanName);
	}

	if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
		logger.trace(String.format("Registering bean definition for @Bean method %s.%s()",
				configClass.getMetadata().getClassName(), beanName));
	}
	// 到这里 @Bean标记的方法就被加载成BeanDefinition 并注入到工厂中
	this.registry.registerBeanDefinition(beanName, beanDefToRegister);
}

那么至此被扫描的配置类中@Bean标记的方法的BeanDefinition也被注册到工厂中了,后续在org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext#refresh中实例化的时候,该对象就会被实例化并交由Spring管理,也就分析完了@Bean注解的家在过程。

最后再说一下本篇分析的是@Configuration注解下@Bean的加载过程,类似@Component注解下也可以加载@Bean,流程和@Configuration基本类似,大家可以debug跟进一下。好了分析完成!