Centos7部署Nginx负载均衡Tomcat服务器及session共享架构

原创

wx5ed6455937203 2020-06-10 12:12:47 ©著作权

文章标签 运维负载均衡 Linux Tomcat Nginx 文章分类 运维

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简介

负载均衡 负载均衡建立在现有网络结构之上，它提供了一种廉价有效透明的方法扩展网络设备和服务器的带宽、增加吞吐量、加强网络数据处理能力、提高网络的灵活性和可用性。负载均衡（Load Balance）其意思就是分摊到多个操作单元上进行执行，例如Web服务器、FTP服务器、企业关键应用服务器和其它关键任务服务器等，从而共同完成工作任务 session共享 Session 是客户端与服务器通讯会话跟踪技术，服务器与客户端保持整个通讯的会话基本信息由于负载均衡会把任务分摊到不同的机器上，因此当用户进行页面刷新时会从机器A跳转到机器B，此时用户所进行的所有操作数据可能会丢失，因此需要通过集群的session共享机制来实现数据跟踪

前期准备

准备Centos7服务器，同步系统时间，配置IP地址和hostname，关闭防火墙和selinux 安装openjdk

[root@localhost ~]# yum install java -y

#查看安装情况
[root@localhost ~]# java -version
openjdk version "1.8.0_232"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_232-b09)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.232-b09, mixed mode)

部署Nginx 从官网下载yum源并安装Nginx

[root@localhost ~]# yum install nginx -y

部署redis

#yum安装redis
[root@localhost ~]# yum install redis -y

#配置
#设定为后台守护进程方式运行
daemonize yes
#设定登录密码(可选)
masterauth "your_password"

#启动服务
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start redis

部署Tomcat集群

部署tomcat1

从Tomcat官网下载Tomcat7压缩包并解压

[root@localhost ~]# tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-7.0.104.tar.gz -C /usr/local/tomcat-7

在/usr/local/tomcat-7/lib文件夹中添加三个jar包实现连接redis和session共享

commons-pool-1.6.jar
jedis-2.0.0.jar
tomcat-redis-session-manager-1.2-tomcat-7-java-7.jar

配置服务启动文件

[root@localhost ~]# vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/tomcat7.service 
[Unit]
Description=Apache Tomcat Web Application Container
After=syslog.target network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
Environment=JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/jre
Environment=CATALINA_PID=/usr/local/tomcat-7/temp/tomcat.pid
Environment=CATALINA_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat-7
Environment=CATALINA_BASE=/usr/local/tomcat-7
ExecStart=/usr/local/tomcat-7/bin/startup.sh
ExecStop=/usr/local/tomcat-7/bin/shutdown.sh
User=root
Group=root
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

配置redis缓存

[root@localhost ~]# vi /usr/local/tomcat-7/conf/context.xml 
<Context>
    <WatchedResource>WEB-INF/web.xml</WatchedResource>
    <WatchedResource>WEB-INF/tomcat-web.xml</WatchedResource>
    <WatchedResource>${catalina.base}/conf/web.xml</WatchedResource>
    <!--配置Redis缓存-->
    <Valve className="com.radiadesign.catalina.session.RedisSessionHandlerValve" />
    <Manager className="com.radiadesign.catalina.session.RedisSessionManager"
    host="127.0.0.1"
    port="6379"
    #redis有设置密码登录则需要填写密码
    password="your_password"
    database="0"
    maxInactiveInterval="60" />
</Context>

编写读取redis缓存文件

[root@localhost ~]# vi /usr/local/tomcat-7/webapps/ROOT/session.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>shared session</title>
</head>
<body>
<br>session id=<%=session.getId()%>
<br>tomcat 1
</body>
</html>

启动服务

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start tomcat7

部署tomcat2

#复制tomcat1文件夹
[root@localhost ~]# cp -r /usr/local/tomcat-7/ /usr/local/tomcat-7-8888/

修改配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# vi /usr/local/tomcat-7-8888/conf/server.xml
#修改三处端口号
<Server port="8015" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
<Connector port="8888" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
<Connector protocol="AJP/1.3"
address="::1"
port="8019"
redirectPort="8443" />

配置服务启动文件

[root@localhost ~]# vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/tomcat7-8888.service
[Unit]
Description=Apache Tomcat Web Application Container
After=syslog.target network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
Environment=JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/jre
Environment=CATALINA_PID=/usr/local/tomcat-7-8888/temp/tomcat.pid
Environment=CATALINA_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat-7-8888
Environment=CATALINA_BASE=/usr/local/tomcat-7-8888
ExecStart=/usr/local/tomcat-7-8888/bin/startup.sh
ExecStop=/usr/local/tomcat-7-8888/bin/shutdown.sh
User=root
Group=root
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

修改读取redis缓存的文件

[root@localhost ~]# vi /usr/local/tomcat-7-8888/webapps/ROOT/session.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>shared session</title>
</head>
<body>
<br>session id=<%=session.getId()%>
<br>tomcat 2
</body>
</html>

修改主页显示以示区分

[root@localhost ~]# vi /usr/local/tomcat-7-8888/webapps/ROOT/index.jsp
 <span id="nav-home"><a rel="nofollow" href="${tomcatUrl}">Home-7-8888</a></span>

启动服务

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start tomcat7-8888

部署tomcat3

#复制tomcat1文件夹
[root@localhost ~]# cp -r /usr/local/tomcat-7/ /usr/local/tomcat-7-9999/

修改配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# vi /usr/local/tomcat-7-9999/conf/server.xml
#修改三处端口号
<Server port="8025" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
<Connector port="9999" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
<Connector protocol="AJP/1.3"
address="::1"
port="8029"
redirectPort="8443" />

配置服务启动文件

[root@localhost ~]# vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/tomcat7-9999.service
[Unit]
Description=Apache Tomcat Web Application Container
After=syslog.target network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
Environment=JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/jre
Environment=CATALINA_PID=/usr/local/tomcat-7-9999/temp/tomcat.pid
Environment=CATALINA_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat-7-9999
Environment=CATALINA_BASE=/usr/local/tomcat-7-9999
ExecStart=/usr/local/tomcat-7-9999/bin/startup.sh
ExecStop=/usr/local/tomcat-7-9999/bin/shutdown.sh
User=root
Group=root
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

修改读取redis缓存的文件

[root@localhost ~]# vi /usr/local/tomcat-7-9999/webapps/ROOT/session.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>shared session</title>
</head>
<body>
<br>session id=<%=session.getId()%>
<br>tomcat 3
</body>
</html>

修改主页显示以示区分

[root@localhost ~]# vi /usr/local/tomcat-7-9999/webapps/ROOT/index.jsp
 <span id="nav-home"><a rel="nofollow" href="${tomcatUrl}">Home-7-9999</a></span>

启动服务

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start tomcat7-9999

配置Nginx负载均衡

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
#配置tomcat集群
upstream serverpool{
#默认情况下通过轮询方式来调用tomcat集群
	server localhost:8080;
    server localhost:8888;
    server localhost:9999;
    }
#配置服务
server{
	listen 80;
	server_name localhost;
	location / {
	proxy_pass http://serverpool/;
	}
}

启动服务

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start nginx

测试验证

验证负载均衡 浏览器访问http://ip 在这里插入图片描述点击刷新再次点击刷新 测试session共享 浏览器访问http://ip/session.jsp 点击刷新再次点击刷新查看redis数据库记录

[root@localhost ~]# redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> auth "your_password"
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> ping 
PONG
127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
1) "C13930F70F4B33537E99140CFEDAC637"