4、System board The System board is also known as the motherboard.The system board is the communiactions
medium for the entire computer system.Every component of the system unit connects to the
system board.It acts as a data path allowing the various components to communicate with one
another. Extemal devices such as the keyboard, mouse, and monitor could not communicate
with the system unit without the system board. On a desktop computer, the system board is located at the bottom of the system unit or
along one side.It is a large flat circuit board covered with a varitety of different
electronic components including sockets,slots,and bus lines(See Figure 1-9). (1)Sockets provide a connection point for small specialized electronic parts called chips. Chips consist of tiny circuit boards etched onto squares of sandlike material called
silicon chip,semiconductor,or integrated circuit.Chips are mounted on carrier packages (See
Figure 1-10).These packages either plug directly into sockets on the system board or onto
cards that are then plugged into slots on the system board.Sockets are used to connect the
system board to a variety of different types of chips, including microprocessor and memory
chips. (2)Slots provide a connection point for speciallized cards ofr circuit boards.These cards
provide expansion capability for a computer system.For example,a modem card plugs into a
slot on the system board to provide a connection to the Internet. (3)Connecting lines called bus lines provide pathways that support commuication among the
various electronic components that are either located on the system board or attached to
the system board. Notebook,tablet PC,and handheld system boards are smaller thatn desktop system
boards.However,they perform the same functions as desktop system boards.

4、System boardThe System board is also known as the motherboard. 4、系统板系统板也被称为主板。 The system board is the communiactions medium for the entire computer system. 系统板是整个计算机系统的交流介质。 Every component of the system unit connects to the system board. 系统单元的每个组件连接到系统板。 It acts as a data path allowing the various components to communicate with one another. 它充当数据路径，允许各个组件相互通信。 Extemal devices such as the keyboard, mouse, and monitor could not communicate with the system unit without the system board. 键盘、鼠标和监视器等外部设备没有系统板就无法与系统单元通信。 On a desktop computer, the system board is located at the bottom of the system unit or along one side. 在台式计算机上，系统板位于系统单元的底部或沿一侧。 It is a large flat circuit board covered with a varitety of different electronic components including sockets,slots,and bus lines(See Figure 1-9). 它是一个大的扁平电路板，上面覆盖着不同的电子元件，包括插座、插槽和母线（见图1-9）。 (1)Sockets provide a connection point for small specialized electronic parts called chips. （1）插座为称为芯片的小型专用电子部件提供了一个连接点。 Chips consist of tiny circuit boards etched onto squares of sandlike material called silicon chip,semiconductor,or integrated circuit. 芯片由微小的电路板组成，这些电路板被蚀刻在被称为硅片、半导体或集成电路的沙状材料上。 Chips are mounted on carrier packages (See Figure 1-10). 芯片安装在载波包上（见图1-10）。 These packages either plug directly into sockets on the system board or onto cards that are then plugged into slots on the system board. 这些软件包要么直接插入系统板上的插座，要么插入到卡上，然后插入系统板上的插槽。 Sockets are used to connect the system board to a variety of different types of chips, including microprocessor and memory chips. 套接字用于将系统板连接到各种不同类型的芯片，包括微处理器和存储器芯片。 (2)Slots provide a connection point for speciallized cards ofr circuit boards. （2）插槽为电路板专用卡提供连接点。 These cards provide expansion capability for a computer system. 这些卡为计算机系统提供扩展能力。 For example,a modem card plugs into a slot on the system board to provide a connection to the Internet. 例如，调制解调器卡插入系统板上的插槽以提供与Internet的连接。 (3)Connecting lines called bus lines provide pathways that support commuication among the various electronic components that are either located on the system board or attached to the system board. （3）称为总线线路的连接线提供了支持位于系统板上或连接到系统板上的各种电子元件之间的通信的通路。 Notebook,tablet PC,and handheld system boards are smaller thatn desktop system boards. 笔记本、平板电脑和手持系统板较小。 However,they perform the same functions as desktop system boards. 但是，它们的功能与桌面系统板相同。

4、 主板 主板也叫母版。主板是整个计算机系统的通信媒介。系统部件中的每个部件都连向主板。它的作用就像数据通路一样，允许各个部件之间相互通信。外部设备，如键盘、鼠标和监视器没有主板也不能与系统部件通信。 台式计算机的主板是在系统部件底部或在一侧。它是一块大的电路板，上面布满各种电子部件，包括插座、插槽和总线，如图1-9所示。 （1） 插座是称为芯片的小型专用电子部件的连接点。芯片是由蚀刻在像沙子一样称为硅材料的方形薄片上的电路板组成的。这些电路板可能比你的指尖还小。芯片也可称为硅片、半导体器件或集成电路。芯片安装在承载插件内（见图1-10）。这些插件可以直接插入主板的插座上或放在卡上，然后在将这些卡插到主板的插槽上。插座用于将主板与不同类型的芯片，包括微处理器和存储器芯片连接起来。 （2） 插槽是专用卡或电路板的连接点。这些卡为计算机系统提供扩展功能。例如调制解调器卡插入主板的插槽中，可以与因特网连接。 （3） 连接线，又称为总线，是连接各个电子部件之间的通信通路，这些电子部件安装在主板或附着在主板上。 笔记本计算机、平板电脑和手持PC的主板比台式机的小，但他们实现的功能和台式机主板一样。