yum源更换为本地光盘
下面来示范一下如何使用光盘文件配置yum库。注意:一定要把/etc/yum.repos.d里的其他文件移到其他地方,否则会报错
进入到/etc/yum.repos.d目录中后创建Yum配置文件: [root@linuxprobe ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ [root@linuxprobe yum.repos.d]# vim rhel7.repo [rhel7] name=rhel7 baseurl=file:///media/cdrom enabled=1 gpgcheck=0 [root@linuxprobe yum.repos.d]# mkdir -p /media/cdrom [root@linuxprobe yum.repos.d]# mount /dev/cdrom /media/cdrom //挂载 mount: /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only [root@linuxprobe yum.repos.d]# vim /etc/fstab //开机自动挂载 /dev/cdrom /media/cdrom iso9660 defaults 0 0
配置好之后,可以使用yum list查看是否配置成功,如果配置成功会显示一堆可用的安装包。如果有报错的话,可以试着把除了这个配置文件外的其他配置文件全部删除(因为其他文件可能都是需要联网的,一旦连不了网,yum list 好像就会异常中断了)
下面这些是关于yum配置文件的介绍,有兴趣可以看一下
yum主配置文件
[root@bogon ~]# cat /etc/yum.conf [main] //所有仓库公共的配置 cachedir=/var/cache/yum/$basearch/$releasever //缓存目录 keepcache=0 //程序包在安装完成后不再保存至缓存中 debuglevel=2 // 程序安装时的输出信息,数字越大输出信息越多。生产环境中关闭最好,但是开启可以让我们快速定位安装中出现问题的所在 logfile=/var/log/yum.log //日志路径 exactarch=1 //安装程序的版本和当前平台保持一致 obsoletes=1 //检查包已被废弃 gpgcheck=1 //检查源合法性和包的完整性 plugins=1 //支持插件 installonly_limit=5 //每次安装包的数量限制为5个 bugtracker_url=http://bugs.centos.org/set_project.php?project_id=23&ref=http://bugs.centos.org/bug_report_page.php?category=yum //bug追踪的路径 distroverpkg=centos-release //判断当前系统信息 # This is the default, if you make this bigger yum won't see if the metadata # is newer on the remote and so you'll "gain" the bandwidth of not having to # download the new metadata and "pay" for it by yum not having correct # information. # It is esp. important, to have correct metadata, for distributions like # Fedora which don't keep old packages around. If you don't like this checking # interupting your command line usage, it's much better to have something # manually check the metadata once an hour (yum-updatesd will do this). # metadata_expire=90m # PUT YOUR REPOS HERE OR IN separate files named file.repo # in /etc/yum.repos.d [root@bogon ~]#
各配置文件
[root@bogon ~]# ls /etc/yum.repos.d/ CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Debuginfo.repo CentOS-Media.repo CentOS-Vault.repo CentOS-CR.repo CentOS-fasttrack.repo CentOS-Sources.repo [root@bogon ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Media.repo # CentOS-Media.repo # # This repo can be used with mounted DVD media, verify the mount point for # CentOS-7. You can use this repo and yum to install items directly off the # DVD ISO that we release. # # To use this repo, put in your DVD and use it with the other repos too: # yum --enablerepo=c7-media [command] # # or for ONLY the media repo, do this: # # yum --disablerepo=\* --enablerepo=c7-media [command] [c7-media] name=CentOS-$releasever - Media baseurl=file:///media/CentOS/ file:///media/cdrom/ file:///media/cdrecorder/ gpgcheck=1 enabled=0 //此仓库不被使用 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 [root@bogon ~]# [root@bogon ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo # CentOS-Base.repo # # The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the # update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and # geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates # unless you are manually picking other mirrors. # # If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the # remarked out baseurl= line instead. # # [base] name=CentOS-$releasever - Base mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os&infra=$infra #baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 #released updates [updates] name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates&infra=$infra #baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 #additional packages that may be useful [extras] name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras&infra=$infra #baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 #additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages [centosplus] name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus&infra=$infra #baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 enabled=0 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 [root@bogon ~]#
yum -y install httpd 自动确认安装httpd
yum list //列出全部程序包