ansible setup模块变量 ansible 模块详解

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bugouhen 2024-06-08 23:14:51

文章标签 ansible setup模块变量 python 重启自动加载 文章分类 运维

ansible firewalld模块详解

模块详解

service ： Name of a service to add/remove to/from firewalld.The service must be listed in output of firewall-cmd --get-services.
指定放行的服务，此服务必须要在firewall-cmd --get-services查询的到。

permanent ： Should this configuration be in the running firewalld configuration or persist across reboots. As of Ansible 2.3, permanent operations can operate on firewalld configs when it is not running.
Note that if this is no’, immediate is assumed yes’.
保存策略，下次启动的时候自动加载。

state : Enable or disable a setting.For ports: Should this port accept (enabled) or reject (disabled) connections.The states present’ and absent’ can only be used in zone level operations (i.e. when no other parameters but zone and state are set).
(Choices: absent, disabled, enabled, present)
指定防火墙策略状态，enable表示策略生效，disable表示策略禁用，present新建策略，absent删除策略。

port : Name of a port or port range to add/remove to/from firewalld. Must be in the form PORT/PROTOCOL or PORT-PORT/PROTOCOL for port ranges.
指定放行的端口/协议。

zone ： The firewalld zone to add/remove to/from.
Note that the default zone can be configured per system but public’ is default from upstream.Available choices can be extended based on per-system configs, listed here are “out of the box” defaults.Possible values include block’, dmz’, drop’, external’, home’, internal’, `public’, trusted’, work’.
指定防火墙信任级别。
drop: 丢弃所有进入的包，而不给出任何响应
block: 拒绝所有外部发起的连接，允许内部发起的连接
public: 允许指定的进入连接
external: 同上，对伪装的进入连接，一般用于路由转发
dmz: 允许受限制的进入连接
work: 允许受信任的计算机被限制的进入连接，类似 workgroup
home: 同上，类似 homegroup
internal: 同上，范围针对所有互联网用户
trusted: 信任所有连接

interface : The interface you would like to add/remove to/from a zone in firewalld.
指定接口属于哪个信任级别。

source ： The source/network you would like to add/remove to/from firewalld.
指定网段。

immediate : Should this configuration be applied immediately, if set as permanent
防火墙策略立即生效。

示例

案例1：在默认信任级别新增放行https协议数据的策略，下次重启的时候策略自动加载

- firewalld:
    service: https
    permanent: yes
state: enabled

原先的状态，public信任级别中没有https

[root@control ~]# ansible node1 -a 'firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-all'
node1 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
public (active)
  target: default
  icmp-block-inversion: no
  interfaces: eth0
  sources: 
  services: cockpit dhcpv6-client ssh
  ports: 
  protocols: 
  masquerade: no
  forward-ports: 
  source-ports: 
  icmp-blocks: 
  rich rules:

新增放行https协议数据的策略，下次重启的时候策略自动加载

[root@control ~]# ansible node1 -m firewalld -a 'service=https permanent=yes state=enabled'
node1 | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "changed": true,
    "msg": "Permanent operation, Changed service https to enabled"
}

策略没有立马生效

[root@control ~]# ansible node1 -a 'firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-all'
node1 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
public (active)
  target: default
  icmp-block-inversion: no
  interfaces: eth0
  sources: 
  services: cockpit dhcpv6-client ssh
  ports: 
  protocols: 
  masquerade: no
  forward-ports: 
  source-ports: 
  icmp-blocks: 
  rich rules:

重启防火墙服务

[root@control ~]# ansible node1 -m service -a 'name=firewalld state=restarted'
node1 | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "changed": true,
    "name": "firewalld",
    "state": "started",
    "status": {
        "ActiveEnterTimestamp": "Mon 2020-07-06 17:41:36 CST",
        "ActiveEnterTimestampMonotonic": "15024543",
        "ActiveExitTimestampMonotonic": "0",
        "ActiveState": "active",
        "After": "basic.target dbus.socket sysinit.target polkit.service system.slice dbus.service",

防火墙策略生效

[root@control ~]# ansible node1 -a 'firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-all'
node1 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
public (active)
  target: default
  icmp-block-inversion: no
  interfaces: eth0
  sources: 
  services: cockpit dhcpv6-client https ssh
  ports: 
  protocols: 
  masquerade: no
  forward-ports: 
  source-ports: 
  icmp-blocks: 
  rich rules:

案例2：在默认信任级别新增放行tcp 8081端口的策略且策略状态为禁用，下次重启的时候策略自动加载

- firewalld:
    port: 8081/tcp
    permanent: yes
    state: disabled

新增防火墙策略

[root@control ~]# ansible node1 -m firewalld -a 'port=8081/tcp permanent=yes state=disabled'
node1 | SUCCESS => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "changed": false,
    "msg": "Permanent operation"
}

重启防火墙策略

[root@control ~]# ansible node1 -m service -a 'name=firewalld state=restarted'
node1 | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "changed": true,
    "name": "firewalld",
    "state": "started",
    "status": {
        "ActiveEnterTimestamp": "Mon 2020-07-06 22:15:37 CST",
        "ActiveEnterTimestampMonotonic": "16455418172",
        "ActiveExitTimestamp": "Mon 2020-07-06 22:15:36 CST",
        "ActiveExitTimestampMonotonic": "16454673620",
        "ActiveState": "active",
        "After": "basic.target dbus.socket sysinit.target polkit.service system.slice dbus.service",

策略未启用

[root@control ~]# ansible node1 -a 'firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-all'
node1 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
public (active)
  target: default
  icmp-block-inversion: no
  interfaces: eth0
  sources: 
  services: cockpit dhcpv6-client https ssh
  ports: 
  protocols: 
  masquerade: no
  forward-ports: 
  source-ports: 
  icmp-blocks: 
  rich rules:

案例3：在默认信任级别新增放行UDP协议161至162端口的防火墙策略，下次重启的时候策略自动加载

- firewalld:
    port: 161-162/udp
    permanent: yes
    state: enabled
[root@control ~]# ansible node1 -m firewalld -a 'port=162-162/udp permanent=yes state=enabled'
node1 | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "changed": true,
    "msg": "Permanent operation, Changed port 162-162/udp to enabled"
}

案例4：在dmz信任级别新增放行http协议数据的防火墙策略，下次重启的时候策略自动加载

- firewalld:
    zone: dmz
    service: http
    permanent: yes
state: enabled

[root@control ~]# ansible node1 -m firewalld -a 'zone=dmz service=http  permanent=yes state=enabled'
node1 | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "changed": true,
    "msg": "Permanent operation, Changed service http to enabled"
}

案例5：在internal区域新增放行192.0.2.0/24网段的防火墙策略

- firewalld:
 source: 192.0.2.0/24
 zone: internal
 state: enabled

[root@control ~]# ansible node1 -m firewalld -a 'zone=internal source="192.0.2.0/24" state=enabled'
node1 | FAILED! => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "changed": false,
    "msg": "missing parameter(s) required by 'source': permanent"
}

NOTE : source参数要和permanent参数一起使用

[root@control ~]# ansible node1 -m firewalld -a 'zone=internal source="192.0.2.0/24" state=enabled permanent=yes'
node1 | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "changed": true,
    "msg": "Permanent operation, Added 192.0.2.0/24 to zone internal"
}

案例6：把eth0接口加入到truested信任级别

- firewalld:
    zone: trusted
    interface: eth0
    permanent: yes
state: enabled

[root@control ~]# ansible node1 -m firewalld -a 'interface=eth0 zone=trusted state=enabled permanent=yes'
node1 | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "changed": true,
    "msg": "Permanent operation, Changed eth0 to zone trusted"
}

案例7：新增custom信任级别

- firewalld:
    zone: custom
    state: present
permanent: yes

[root@control ~]# ansible node1 -m firewalld -a ' zone=custom state=present  permanent=yes'
node1 | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "changed": true,
    "msg": "Permanent operation, Added zone custom, Changed zone custom to present"
    }

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