DES加密流程图:
1-1、取得密钥
取得64位的密钥,每个第8位作为奇偶校验位。
1-2、变换密钥。
1-2-1、舍弃64位密钥中的奇偶校验位,根据下表(PC-1)进行密钥变换得到56位的密钥,在变换中,奇偶校验位以被舍弃。
Permuted Choice 1 (PC-1)
57 49 41 33 25 17 9
1 58 50 42 34 26 18
10 2 59 51 43 35 27
19 11 3 60 52 44 36
63 55 47 39 31 23 15
7 62 54 46 38 30 22
14 6 61 53 45 37 29
21 13 5 28 20 12 4
1-2-2、将变换后的密钥分为两个部分,开始的28位称为C[0],最后的28位称为D[0]。
1-2-3、生成16个子密钥,初始I=1。
1-2-3-1、同时将C[I]、D[I]左移1位或2位,根据I值决定左移的位数。见下表
I: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
左移位数: 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 1
1-2-3-2、将C[I]D[I]作为一个整体按下表(PC-2)变换,得到48位的K[I]
Permuted Choice 2 (PC-2)
14 17 11 24 1 5
3 28 15 6 21 10
23 19 12 4 26 8
16 7 27 20 13 2
41 52 31 37 47 55
30 40 51 45 33 48
44 49 39 56 34 53
46 42 50 36 29 32
1-2-3-3、从1-2-3-1处循环执行,直到K[16]被计算完成。
2、处理64位的数据
2-1、取得64位的数据,如果数据长度不足64位,应该将其扩展为64位(例如补零)
2-2、将64位数据按下表变换(IP)
Initial Permutation (IP)
58 50 42 34 26 18 10 2
60 52 44 36 28 20 12 4
62 54 46 38 30 22 14 6
64 56 48 40 32 24 16 8
57 49 41 33 25 17 9 1
59 51 43 35 27 19 11 3
61 53 45 37 29 21 13 5
63 55 47 39 31 23 15 7
2-3、将变换后的数据分为两部分,开始的32位称为L[0],最后的32位称为R[0]。
2-4、用16个子密钥加密数据,初始I=1。
2-4-1、将32位的R[I-1]按下表(E)扩展为48位的E[I-1]
Expansion (E)
32 1 2 3 4 5
4 5 6 7 8 9
8 9 10 11 12 13
12 13 14 15 16 17
16 17 18 19 20 21
20 21 22 23 24 25
24 25 26 27 28 29
28 29 30 31 32 1
2-4-2、异或E[I-1]和K[I],即E[I-1] XOR K[I]
2-4-3、将异或后的结果分为8个6位长的部分,第1位到第6位称为B[1],第7位到第12位称为B[2],依此类推,第43位到第48位称为B[8]。
2-4-4、按S表变换所有的B[J],初始J=1。所有在S表的值都被当作4位长度处理。
2-4-4-1、将B[J]的第1位和第6位组合为一个2位长度的变量M,M作为在S[J]中的行号。
2-4-4-2、将B[J]的第2位到第5位组合,作为一个4位长度的变量N,N作为在S[J]中的列号。
2-4-4-3、用S[J][M][N]来取代B[J]。
Substitution Box 1 (S[1])
14 4 13 1 2 15 11 8 3 10 6 12 5 9 0 7
0 15 7 4 14 2 13 1 10 6 12 11 9 5 3 8
4 1 14 8 13 6 2 11 15 12 9 7 3 10 5 0
15 12 8 2 4 9 1 7 5 11 3 14 10 0 6 13
S[2]
15 1 8 14 6 11 3 4 9 7 2 13 12 0 5 10
3 13 4 7 15 2 8 14 12 0 1 10 6 9 11 5
0 14 7 11 10 4 13 1 5 8 12 6 9 3 2 15
13 8 10 1 3 15 4 2 11 6 7 12 0 5 14 9
S[3]
10 0 9 14 6 3 15 5 1 13 12 7 11 4 2 8
13 7 0 9 3 4 6 10 2 8 5 14 12 11 15 1
13 6 4 9 8 15 3 0 11 1 2 12 5 10 14 7
1 10 13 0 6 9 8 7 4 15 14 3 11 5 2 12
S[4]
7 13 14 3 0 6 9 10 1 2 8 5 11 12 4 15
13 8 11 5 6 15 0 3 4 7 2 12 1 10 14 9
10 6 9 0 12 11 7 13 15 1 3 14 5 2 8 4
3 15 0 6 10 1 13 8 9 4 5 11 12 7 2 14
S[5]
2 12 4 1 7 10 11 6 8 5 3 15 13 0 14 9
14 11 2 12 4 7 13 1 5 0 15 10 3 9 8 6
4 2 1 11 10 13 7 8 15 9 12 5 6 3 0 14
11 8 12 7 1 14 2 13 6 15 0 9 10 4 5 3
S[6]
12 1 10 15 9 2 6 8 0 13 3 4 14 7 5 11
10 15 4 2 7 12 9 5 6 1 13 14 0 11 3 8
9 14 15 5 2 8 12 3 7 0 4 10 1 13 11 6
4 3 2 12 9 5 15 10 11 14 1 7 6 0 8 13
S[7]
4 11 2 14 15 0 8 13 3 12 9 7 5 10 6 1
13 0 11 7 4 9 1 10 14 3 5 12 2 15 8 6
1 4 11 13 12 3 7 14 10 15 6 8 0 5 9 2
6 11 13 8 1 4 10 7 9 5 0 15 14 2 3 12
S[8]
13 2 8 4 6 15 11 1 10 9 3 14 5 0 12 7
1 15 13 8 10 3 7 4 12 5 6 11 0 14 9 2
7 11 4 1 9 12 14 2 0 6 10 13 15 3 5 8
2 1 14 7 4 10 8 13 15 12 9 0 3 5 6 11
2-4-4-4、从2-4-4-1处循环执行,直到B[8]被替代完成。
2-4-4-5、将B[1]到B[8]组合,按下表(P)变换,得到P。
Permutation P
16 7 20 21
29 12 28 17
1 15 23 26
5 18 31 10
2 8 24 14
32 27 3 9
19 13 30 6
22 11 4 25
2-4-6、异或P和L[I-1]结果放在R[I],即R[I]=P XOR L[I-1]。
2-4-7、L[I]=R[I-1]
2-4-8、从2-4-1处开始循环执行,直到K[16]被变换完成。
2-4-5、组合变换后的R[16]L[16](注意:R作为开始的32位),按下表(IP-1)变换得到最后的结果。
Final Permutation (IP**-1)
40 8 48 16 56 24 64 32
39 7 47 15 55 23 63 31
38 6 46 14 54 22 62 30
37 5 45 13 53 21 61 29
36 4 44 12 52 20 60 28
35 3 43 11 51 19 59 27
34 2 42 10 50 18 58 26
33 1 41 9 49 17 57 25
源码:
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
using namespace std;
const static char ip[] = { //IP置换
58, 50, 42, 34, 26, 18, 10, 2,
60, 52, 44, 36, 28, 20, 12, 4,
62, 54, 46, 38, 30, 22, 14, 6,
64, 56, 48, 40, 32, 24, 16, 8,
57, 49, 41, 33, 25, 17, 9, 1,
59, 51, 43, 35, 27, 19, 11, 3,
61, 53, 45, 37, 29, 21, 13, 5,
63, 55, 47, 39, 31, 23, 15, 7
};
const static char fp[] = { //zuizhongzhihuan
40, 8, 48, 16, 56, 24, 64, 32,
39, 7, 47, 15, 55, 23, 63, 31,
38, 6, 46, 14, 54, 22, 62, 30,
37, 5, 45, 13, 53, 21, 61, 29,
36, 4, 44, 12, 52, 20, 60, 28,
35, 3, 43, 11, 51, 19, 59, 27,
34, 2, 42, 10, 50, 18, 58, 26,
33, 1, 41, 9, 49, 17, 57, 25
};
const static char sbox[8][64] = { //s_box
/* S1 */
14, 4, 13, 1, 2, 15, 11, 8, 3, 10, 6, 12, 5, 9, 0, 7,
0, 15, 7, 4, 14, 2, 13, 1, 10, 6, 12, 11, 9, 5, 3, 8,
4, 1, 14, 8, 13, 6, 2, 11, 15, 12, 9, 7, 3, 10, 5, 0,
15, 12, 8, 2, 4, 9, 1, 7, 5, 11, 3, 14, 10, 0, 6, 13,
/* S2 */
15, 1, 8, 14, 6, 11, 3, 4, 9, 7, 2, 13, 12, 0, 5, 10,
3, 13, 4, 7, 15, 2, 8, 14, 12, 0, 1, 10, 6, 9, 11, 5,
0, 14, 7, 11, 10, 4, 13, 1, 5, 8, 12, 6, 9, 3, 2, 15,
13, 8, 10, 1, 3, 15, 4, 2, 11, 6, 7, 12, 0, 5, 14, 9,
/* S3 */
10, 0, 9, 14, 6, 3, 15, 5, 1, 13, 12, 7, 11, 4, 2, 8,
13, 7, 0, 9, 3, 4, 6, 10, 2, 8, 5, 14, 12, 11, 15, 1,
13, 6, 4, 9, 8, 15, 3, 0, 11, 1, 2, 12, 5, 10, 14, 7,
1, 10, 13, 0, 6, 9, 8, 7, 4, 15, 14, 3, 11, 5, 2, 12,
/* S4 */
7, 13, 14, 3, 0, 6, 9, 10, 1, 2, 8, 5, 11, 12, 4, 15,
13, 8, 11, 5, 6, 15, 0, 3, 4, 7, 2, 12, 1, 10, 14, 9,
10, 6, 9, 0, 12, 11, 7, 13, 15, 1, 3, 14, 5, 2, 8, 4,
3, 15, 0, 6, 10, 1, 13, 8, 9, 4, 5, 11, 12, 7, 2, 14,
/* S5 */
2, 12, 4, 1, 7, 10, 11, 6, 8, 5, 3, 15, 13, 0, 14, 9,
14, 11, 2, 12, 4, 7, 13, 1, 5, 0, 15, 10, 3, 9, 8, 6,
4, 2, 1, 11, 10, 13, 7, 8, 15, 9, 12, 5, 6, 3, 0, 14,
11, 8, 12, 7, 1, 14, 2, 13, 6, 15, 0, 9, 10, 4, 5, 3,
/* S6 */
12, 1, 10, 15, 9, 2, 6, 8, 0, 13, 3, 4, 14, 7, 5, 11,
10, 15, 4, 2, 7, 12, 9, 5, 6, 1, 13, 14, 0, 11, 3, 8,
9, 14, 15, 5, 2, 8, 12, 3, 7, 0, 4, 10, 1, 13, 11, 6,
4, 3, 2, 12, 9, 5, 15, 10, 11, 14, 1, 7, 6, 0, 8, 13,
/* S7 */
4, 11, 2, 14, 15, 0, 8, 13, 3, 12, 9, 7, 5, 10, 6, 1,
13, 0, 11, 7, 4, 9, 1, 10, 14, 3, 5, 12, 2, 15, 8, 6,
1, 4, 11, 13, 12, 3, 7, 14, 10, 15, 6, 8, 0, 5, 9, 2,
6, 11, 13, 8, 1, 4, 10, 7, 9, 5, 0, 15, 14, 2, 3, 12,
/* S8 */
13, 2, 8, 4, 6, 15, 11, 1, 10, 9, 3, 14, 5, 0, 12, 7,
1, 15, 13, 8, 10, 3, 7, 4, 12, 5, 6, 11, 0, 14, 9, 2,
7, 11, 4, 1, 9, 12, 14, 2, 0, 6, 10, 13, 15, 3, 5, 8,
2, 1, 14, 7, 4, 10, 8, 13, 15, 12, 9, 0, 3, 5, 6, 11
};
const static char rar[] = { //ya suo zhi huan
14, 17, 11, 24, 1, 5,
3, 28, 15, 6, 21, 10,
23, 19, 12, 4, 26, 8,
16, 7, 27, 20, 13, 2,
41, 52, 31, 37, 47, 55,
30, 40, 51, 45, 33, 48,
44, 49, 39, 56, 34, 53,
46, 42, 50, 36, 29, 32
};
const static char ei[] = { //kuo zhan zhi huan
32, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9,
8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13,
12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17,
16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21,
20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25,
24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29,
28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 1
};
const static char Pzh[]={ //P置换
16, 7, 20, 21,
29, 12, 28, 17,
1, 15, 23, 26,
5, 18, 31, 10,
2, 8, 24, 14,
32, 27, 3, 9,
19, 13, 30, 6,
22, 11, 4, 25
};
const static char Keyrar[]={
57, 49, 41, 33, 25, 17, 9,
1, 58, 50, 42, 34, 26, 18,
10, 2, 59, 51, 43, 35, 27,
19, 11, 3, 60, 52, 44, 36,
63, 55, 47, 39, 31, 23, 15,
7, 62, 54, 46, 38, 30, 22,
14, 6, 61, 53, 45, 37, 29,
21, 13, 5, 28, 20, 12, 4
};
bool key[16][48]={0},/*rekey[16][48],*/
char key_in[8];
void ByteToBit(bool *Out,char *In,int bits) //字节到位的转换
{
int i;
for(i=0;i<bits;i++)
Out[i]=(In[i/8]>>(i%8))&1;
}
void BitToByte(char *Out,bool *In,int bits) //位到字节转换
{
for(int i=0;i<bits/8;i++)
Out[i]=0;
for(i=0;i<bits;i++)
Out[i/8]|=In[i]<<(i%8); //"|="组合了位操作符和赋值操作符的功能
}
void Xor(bool *InA,const bool *InB,int len) //按位异或
{
for(int i=0;i<len;i++)
InA[i]^=InB[i];
}
void keyfc(char *In) //获取密钥函数
{
int i,j=0,mov,k;
bool key0[56],temp,keyin[64];
ByteToBit(keyin,In,64); //字节到位的转换
for(i=0;i<56;i++) //密钥压缩为56位
key0[i]=keyin[Keyrar[i]-1];
for(i=0;i<16;i++) //16轮密钥产生
{
if(i==0||i==1||i==8||i==15)
mov=1;
else
mov=2;
for(k=0;k<mov;k++) //分左右两块循环左移
{
// for(int m=0;m<8;m++)
// {
// temp=key0[m*7];
// for(j=m*7;j<m*7+7;j++)
// key0[j]=key0[j+1];
// key0[m*7+6]=temp;
// }
temp=key0[0];
for(int m=0;m<27;m++)
key0[m]=key0[m+1];
key0[27]=temp;
temp=key0[28];
for(m=28;m<55;m++)
key0[m]=key0[m+1];
key0[55]=temp;
}
for(j=0;j<48;j++) //压缩置换并储存
key[i][j]=key0[rar[j]-1];
}
}
void DES(char Out[8],char In[8],bool MS)//加密核心程序,ms=0时加密,反之解密
{
bool MW[64],tmp[32],PMW[64]; //注意指针
bool kzmw[48],keytem[48],ss[32];
int hang,lie;
ByteToBit(PMW,In,64);
for(int j=0;j<64;j++)
{
MW[j]=PMW[ip[j]-1]; //初始置换
}
bool *Li=&MW[0],*Ri=&MW[32];
for(int i=0;i<48;i++) //右明文扩展置换
kzmw[i]=Ri[ei[i]-1]; //注意指针
if(MS==0) //DES加密过程
{
for(int lun=0;lun<16;lun++)
{
for(i=0;i<32;i++)
ss[i]=Ri[i];
for(i=0;i<48;i++) //右明文扩展置换
kzmw[i]=Ri[ei[i]-1]; //注意指针
for(i=0;i<48;i++)
keytem[i]=key[lun][i]; //轮密钥
Xor(kzmw,keytem,48);
/*S盒置换*/
for(i=0;i<8;i++)
{
hang=kzmw[i*6]*2+kzmw[i*6+5];
lie =kzmw[i*6+1]*8+kzmw[i*6+2]*4+kzmw[i*6+3]*2+kzmw[i*6+4];
tmp[i*4+3]=sbox[i][(hang+1)*16+lie]%2;
tmp[i*4+2]=(sbox[i][(hang+1)*16+lie]/2)%2;
tmp[i*4+1]=(sbox[i][(hang+1)*16+lie]/4)%2;
tmp[i*4]=(sbox[i][(hang+1)*16+lie]/8)%2;
}
for(int i=0;i<32;i++) //P置换
Ri[i]=tmp[Pzh[i]-1];
Xor(Ri,Li,32); //异或
for(i=0;i<32;i++) //交换左右明文
{
Li[i]=ss[i];
}
}
for(i=0;i<32;i++)
{
tmp[i]=Li[i];
Li[i]=Ri[i];
Ri[i]=tmp[i];
}
for(i=0;i<64;i++)
PMW[i]=MW[fp[i]-1];
BitToByte(Out,PMW,64); //位到字节的转换
}
else //DES解密过程
{
for(int lun=15;lun>=0;lun--)
{
for(i=0;i<32;i++)
ss[i]=Ri[i];
for(int i=0;i<48;i++) //右明文扩展置换
kzmw[i]=Ri[ei[i]-1]; //注意指针
for(i=0;i<48;i++)
keytem[i]=key[lun][i]; //轮密钥
Xor(kzmw,keytem,48);
/*S盒置换*/
for(i=0;i<8;i++)
{
hang=kzmw[i*6]*2+kzmw[i*6+5];
lie =kzmw[i*6+1]*8+kzmw[i*6+2]*4+kzmw[i*6+3]*2+kzmw[i*6+4];
tmp[i*4+3]=sbox[i][(hang+1)*16+lie]%2;
tmp[i*4+2]=(sbox[i][(hang+1)*16+lie]/2)%2;
tmp[i*4+1]=(sbox[i][(hang+1)*16+lie]/4)%2;
tmp[i*4]=(sbox[i][(hang+1)*16+lie]/8)%2;
}
for(i=0;i<32;i++) //P置换
Ri[i]=tmp[Pzh[i]-1];
Xor(Ri,Li,32); //异或
for(i=0;i<32;i++) //交换左右明文
{
Li[i]=ss[i];
}
}
for(i=0;i<32;i++)
{
tmp[i]=Li[i];
Li[i]=Ri[i];
Ri[i]=tmp[i];
}
for(i=0;i<64;i++)
PMW[i]=MW[fp[i]-1];
BitToByte(Out,PMW,64); //位到字节的转换
}
}
void main()
{
char Ki[8],jm[8],final[8];
int i0;
cout<<"请输入密钥(8字节):"<<endl;
for(i0=0;i0<8;i0++)
cin>>Ki[i0];
// if(i0<8)
// for(i0=0;i0<8;i0++)
// cin//[i0];
keyfc(Ki);
cout<<"请输入明文:"<<endl;
for(i0=0;i0<8;i0++)
cin>>jm[i0];
DES(final,jm,0); //加密
for(i0=0;i0<8;i0++)
cout<<final[i0];
cout<<endl;
DES(jm,final,1); //解密
for(i0=0;i0<8;i0++)
cout<<jm[i0];
cout<<endl;
}