做为Linux系统工程师,在服务器的维护管理当中,除了对系统进行维护管理之外,最重要的还要对服务器的硬件进行监控,比如服务器Raid状态是否正常(如果Raid卡出问题,会影响数据的读写速度),服务器硬盘是否正常(如果硬盘坏掉,严重的情况会丢失数据),服务器电源是否有故障等。除此之外还要对服务器的CPU,内存,处理器等重要设备的温度进行监控,如果温度超过服务器的临界温度则进行报警通知。
   HP的服务器在硬件管理方面提供了自己管理工具hpacucli,通过该工具可以查看HP服务器的RAID信息,服务器硬盘等信息。
1)安装hpacucli工具(下载地址:HP hpacucli管理工具)


[root@monitor ~]#rpm -ivh hpacucli-9.40-12.0.x86_64.rpm


2)查看服务器RAID信息,硬盘是否正常。


[root@monitor~]# hpacucli ctrl all show config
Smart Array P410i in Slot 0 (Embedded)    (sn: 5001438018042FF0)
   array A (SAS, Unused Space: 0 MB)
      logicaldrive 1 (279.4 GB, RAID 1, OK)
      physicaldrive 1I:1:1 (port 1I:box 1:bay 1, SAS, 300 GB, OK)
      physicaldrive 1I:1:2 (port 1I:box 1:bay 2, SAS, 300 GB, OK)

3)通过hpacucli ctrl all show config detail命令可以详细地查看RAID和硬盘的信息。



[root@monitor ~]# hpacucli ctrl all show config detail
Smart Array P410i in Slot 0 (Embedded)
   Bus Interface: PCI
   Slot: 0
   Serial Number: 5001438018042FF0
   Cache Serial Number: PBCDH0CRH1FH62
   RAID 6 (ADG) Status: Disabled
   Controller Status: OK
   Chassis Slot:
   Hardware Revision: Rev C
   Firmware Version: 5.14
   Rebuild Priority: Medium
   Expand Priority: Medium
   Surface Scan Delay: 15 secs
   Monitor and Performance Delay: 60 min
   Elevator Sort: Enabled
   Degraded Performance Optimization: Disabled
   Inconsistency Repair Policy: Disabled
   Post Prompt Timeout: 0 secs
   Cache Board Present: True
   Cache Status: OK
   Accelerator Ratio: 25% Read / 75% Write
   Drive Write Cache: Disabled
   Total Cache Size: 512 MB
   No-Battery Write Cache: Disabled
   Cache Backup Power Source: Capacitors
   Battery/Capacitor Count: 1
   Battery/Capacitor Status: OK
   SATA NCQ Supported: True
   Array: A
      Interface Type: SAS
      Unused Space: 0 MB
      Status: OK
      Logical Drive: 1
         Size: 279.4 GB
         Fault Tolerance: RAID 1
         Heads: 255
         Sectors Per Track: 32
         Cylinders: 65535
         Stripe Size: 128 KB
         Status: OK
         Array Accelerator: Enabled
         Unique Identifier: 600508B1001034373220202020200002
         Disk Name: /dev/cciss/c0d0
         Mount Points: /boot 99 MB
         Logical Drive Label: A00ADBD9PR7AMU1472     898D
         Mirror Group 0:
            physicaldrive 1I:1:1 (port 1I:box 1:bay 1, SAS, 300 GB, OK)
         Mirror Group 1:
            physicaldrive 1I:1:2 (port 1I:box 1:bay 2, SAS, 300 GB, OK)
      physicaldrive 1I:1:1
         Port: 1I
         Box: 1
         Bay: 1
         Status: OK
         Drive Type: Data Drive
         Interface Type: SAS
         Size: 300 GB
         Rotational Speed: 10000
         Firmware Revision: HPD4
         Serial Number: ECA1PC80GTS31234
         Model: HP      EG0300FBDSP
         PHY Count: 2
         PHY Transfer Rate: 6.0GBPS, Unknown
      physicaldrive 1I:1:2
         Port: 1I
         Box: 1
         Bay: 2
         Status: OK
         Drive Type: Data Drive
         Interface Type: SAS
         Size: 300 GB
         Rotational Speed: 10000
         Firmware Revision: HPD7
         Serial Number:         PMX6902D
         Model: HP      EG0300FBDBR
         PHY Count: 2
         PHY Transfer Rate: 6.0GBPS, Unknown



   HP官方还有一个hpasmcli管理工具,可以很详细查看服务器CPU,内存,处理器,电源等的温度信息。

1)安装hpasmcli工具(下载地址:HP hpasmcli管理工具



[root@monitor ~]#rpm -ivh hp-health-9.40-1602.44.rhel6.x86_64.rpm



2)通过工具hpasmcli可以查看服务器各部件的温度信息,其中Temp表示各部件当前的温度,Threshold表示临界温度,当当前温度超过临界温度的时候就要注意啦。




[root@monitor ~]# hpasmcli -s 'show temp'
Sensor   Location              Temp       Threshold
------   --------              ----       ---------
#1        AMBIENT              23C/73F    42C/107F
#2        CPU#1                40C/104F   82C/179F
#3        CPU#2                40C/104F   82C/179F
#4        MEMORY_BD            33C/91F    87C/188F
#5        MEMORY_BD            33C/91F    78C/172F
#6        MEMORY_BD             -         87C/188F
#7        MEMORY_BD            32C/89F    78C/172F
#8        MEMORY_BD            32C/89F    87C/188F
#9        MEMORY_BD            32C/89F    78C/172F
#10       MEMORY_BD             -         87C/188F
#11       MEMORY_BD            32C/89F    78C/172F
#12       POWER_SUPPLY_BAY     33C/91F    59C/138F
#13       POWER_SUPPLY_BAY     47C/116F   73C/163F
#14       MEMORY_BD            29C/84F    72C/161F
#15       PROCESSOR_ZONE       32C/89F    73C/163F
#16       PROCESSOR_ZONE       30C/86F    64C/147F
#17       MEMORY_BD            28C/82F    63C/145F
#18       PROCESSOR_ZONE       39C/102F   69C/156F
#19       SYSTEM_BD            35C/95F    69C/156F
#20       SYSTEM_BD            38C/100F   71C/159F
#21       SYSTEM_BD            44C/111F   65C/149F
#22       SYSTEM_BD            45C/113F   71C/159F
#23       SYSTEM_BD            39C/102F   69C/156F
#24       SYSTEM_BD            47C/116F   69C/156F
#25       SYSTEM_BD            35C/95F    63C/145F
#26       SYSTEM_BD            45C/113F   66C/150F
#27       SCSI_BACKPLANE_ZONE  35C/95F    60C/140F
#28       SYSTEM_BD            73C/163F   110C/230F



3)通过hpasmcli -s 'show'查看类似于help的帮助信息,监控的时候要重点关注 DIMM(内存)、FANS(风扇)、POWERSUPPLY(电源模块)、SERVER(系统)、CPU、TEMP(温度)等信息。




[root@monitor ~]# hpasmcli -s 'show'
Invalid Arguments
     SHOW ASR
     SHOW BOOT
     SHOW DIMM [ SPD ]
     SHOW F1
     SHOW FANS
     SHOW HT
     SHOW IML
     SHOW IPL
     SHOW NAME
     SHOW PORTMAP
     SHOW POWERMETER
     SHOW POWERSUPPLY
     SHOW PXE
     SHOW SERIAL [ BIOS | EMBEDDED | VIRTUAL ]
     SHOW SERVER
     SHOW TEMP
     SHOW TPM
     SHOW UID
     SHOW WOL


4)hpasmcli几种常用的例子。

   查看内存信息:hpasmcli -s 'show dimm'|egrep -i 'module|stat'
   查看风扇信息:hpasmcli -s 'show fans'
   查看硬件温度:hpasmcli -s 'show temp'
   查看电源模块:hpasmcli -s 'show powersupply'
   查看机器型号,序列号,CPU,内存大小:hpasmcli -s 'show server'

   由于各种服务器的厂商不同,管理工具不同,因此Zabbix对服务器硬件方面没有很详细,全面的解决方案。之前dl528888写过zabbix通过omsa工具监控DEL服务器,也是一种很好的思路,我也借鉴过,这里非常感谢。

   Zabbix监控总结起来有两种思路:第一就是server通过agentd方式获取数据,这种方式需要定义UserParameter参数,即KEY。第二就是server通过trapper的方式获取数据,即agentd将数据主动sender给server或者proxy。我这里是通过第二种traper的方式监控的。第一种方式server有时候会取不到数据,became not supported: Received value []

is not suitable for value type [Numeric (unsigned)] and data type [Decimal],

会产生上面的错误。

   首先查看我监控的脚本,由于是通过traper的思路进行监控,log_file文件依次定义了要监控服务器的主机名(hostname),监控项key以及监控的值。


[root@monitor scripts]# cat hpacuclizabbix.sh
#!/bin/sh
#create by sfzhang 20140517
#This scripts monitoring HP server, such as smart array status,Hardware information and server temperature。
zabbix_server="*.*.*.*" #IP from Zabbix Server or proxy where data should be send to.
zabbix_sender="/usr/local/zabbix/bin/zabbix_sender"
log_file='/tmp/hpacuclizabbix.log' #In the file to define the monitor host, key and value
hpacucli='/usr/sbin/hpacucli'
options='ctrl all show config detail'
hpacucli_log="/tmp/result.log"
PATH=$PATH:/usr/sbin:/sbin
${hpacucli} ${options} > ${hpacucli_log}
Cache_status=`cat ${hpacucli_log} |awk '/Cache Status:/{print $NF}'`
Controller_status=`cat ${hpacucli_log} |awk '/Controller Status:/{print $NF}'`
Battery_capacitor_status=`cat ${hpacucli_log} |awk '/Battery\/Capacitor Status:/{print $NF}'`
Physicaldrive_status=$(awk -v total=`hpacucli ctrl slot=0 pd all show status |grep physicaldrive |wc -l` -v normal=`hpacucli ctrl slot=0 pd all show status|awk '/physicaldrive/{if($NF=="OK") count+=1}END{print count}'` 'BEGIN{if(total==normal) {print "OK"} else {print "NO"}}')
Memory_status=$(awk -v total=`hpasmcli -s 'SHOW DIMM'|grep -i 'Status' |wc -l` -v normal=`hpasmcli -s 'SHOW DIMM' |awk '/Status:/{if($NF=="Ok") count+=1}END{print count}'` 'BEGIN{if(total==normal) {print "OK"} else {print "NO"}}')
Fans_status=$(awk -v total=`hpasmcli -s 'SHOW FANS' |grep "#" |wc -l` -v normal=`hpasmcli -s 'SHOW FANS'  |awk '/#/{if($3=="Yes") count+=1}END{print count}'` 'BEGIN{if(total==normal) {print "OK"} else {print "NO"}}')
Power_status=$(awk -v total=`hpasmcli -s 'SHOW POWERSUPPLY' |grep "Power supply" |wc -l` -v normal=`hpasmcli -s 'SHOW POWERSUPPLY' |awk '/Condition:/{if ($NF=="Ok") count+=1}END{print count}'` 'BEGIN{if(total==normal) {print "OK"} else {print "NO"}}')
Processor_status=$(awk -v total=`hpasmcli -s 'SHOW SERVER' |grep "Processor:" |wc -l` -v normal=`hpasmcli -s 'SHOW SERVER' |awk '/Status/{if ($NF=="Ok") count+=1}END{print count}'` 'BEGIN{if(total==normal) {print "OK"} else {print "NO"}}')
Power_temp_num=$(hpasmcli -s 'SHOW TEMP' |awk '/POWER_SUPPLY_BAY/{print $3}'|awk -F"C" '{print $1}'|awk 'BEGIN {max = 0} {if ($1>max) max=$1 fi} END {print max}')
Ambient_temp_num=$(hpasmcli -s 'SHOW TEMP' |awk '/AMBIENT/{print $3}'|awk -F"C" '{print $1}')
Cpu_temp_num=$(hpasmcli -s 'SHOW TEMP' |awk '/CPU/{print $3}'|awk -F"C" '{print $1}' |awk 'BEGIN {max = 0} {if ($1>max) max=$1 fi} END {print max}')
Memory_temp_num=$(hpasmcli -s 'SHOW TEMP' |awk '/MEMORY_BD/{print $3}'|awk -F"C" '{print $1}' |awk 'BEGIN {max = 0} {if ($1>max) max=$1 fi} END {print max}')
System_temp_num=$(hpasmcli -s 'SHOW TEMP' |awk '/SYSTEM_BD/{print $3}'|awk -F"C" '{print $1}' |awk 'BEGIN {max = 0} {if ($1>max) max=$1 fi} END {print max}')
Processor_temp_num=$(hpasmcli -s 'SHOW TEMP' |awk '/PROCESSOR_ZONE/{print $3}'|awk -F"C" '{print $1}' |awk 'BEGIN {max = 0} {if ($1>max) max=$1 fi} END {print max}')
echo $HOSTNAME hp_smart_array.cache_status $Cache_status >${log_file}
echo $HOSTNAME hp_smart_array.controller_status $Controller_status >>${log_file}
echo $HOSTNAME hp_smart_array.battery_capacitor_status $Battery_capacitor_status >>${log_file}
echo $HOSTNAME hp_hardware.hpysicaldrive_status $Physicaldrive_status >>${log_file}
echo $HOSTNAME hp_hardware.memory_status  $Memory_status >>${log_file}
echo $HOSTNAME hp_hardware.fans_status  $Fans_status >>${log_file}
echo $HOSTNAME hp_hardware.power_status  $Power_status >>${log_file}
echo $HOSTNAME hp_hardware.processor_status  $Processor_status >>${log_file}
echo $HOSTNAME hp_power.temp_num $Power_temp_num >> ${log_file}
echo $HOSTNAME hp_ambient.temp_num $Ambient_temp_num >> ${log_file}
echo $HOSTNAME hp_cpu.temp_num $Cpu_temp_num >> ${log_file}
echo $HOSTNAME hp_memory.temp_num $Memory_temp_num >> ${log_file}
echo $HOSTNAME hp_system.temp_num $System_temp_num >> ${log_file}
echo $HOSTNAME hp_processor.temp_num $Processor_temp_num >> ${log_file}
$zabbix_sender -z $zabbix_server -i ${log_file} > /tmp/zabbix.temp






[root@monitor~]echo "*/5 * * * * /etc/zabbix/scripts/hpacuclizabbix.sh"  >>  /var/spool/cron/root


   查看zabbix监控HP服务器硬件KEY的定义,数据的收集都是通过trapper的方式收集的。

zabbix监控Windows服务器磁盘IO zabbix监控服务器硬件_awk

   查看zabbix监控HP服务器硬件triggers定义,其中nodata(600)这个trigger是为了防止被监控端数据采集出问题而设置的,比如crontab不正常,脚本被误删除等等。如果server10分钟之内收集不到被监控端的数据就会报警。

zabbix监控Windows服务器磁盘IO zabbix监控服务器硬件_操作系统_02

   在zabbix server lastdata查看zabbix server 通过trapper收到的数据。

zabbix监控Windows服务器磁盘IO zabbix监控服务器硬件_运维_03

   查看被监控端服务器各部件温度信息。

zabbix监控Windows服务器磁盘IO zabbix监控服务器硬件_运维_04

   当被监控端出问题时Zabbix会及时报警。

zabbix监控Windows服务器磁盘IO zabbix监控服务器硬件_awk_05

说明:Zabbix监控HP服务器硬件操作方法:

      1)在HP服务器上面安装hpacucli和hpasmcli管理工具。

      2)修改hpacuclizabbix.sh脚本的zabbix_server ip地址,指定为自己的server或者proxy的地址,并把该脚本添加到crontab。

      3)导入附件中的模板,Link到要监控的主机上面即可。

      4)如果有其它问题,欢迎多多交流。