华为浮动路由

原创

友引町 2019-12-24 20:06:32 ©著作权

文章标签 华为 文章分类 运维

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理论知识

1、浮动路由默认是优先级是60，越小越优先，如果是第二条路由优先级是比默认的要大，一般配置60以上

2、VRRP ：(公有协议) 在多个路由器之间运行，可以虚拟出一个或者多个网关IP地址(虚拟路由器)；从而实现内网不同网段之间的互通；

3、VRRP的工作过程：运行VRRP的“多个”路由器之间通过 VRRP 报文的交互，从而选择出一个最牛的路由器，作为 Master 路由器，以后就用来这个设备来转发数据包； Master 路由器，仅仅只有一个；其他的路由器称之为 backup 路由器；同时，Master 和 Backup 路由器，会产生一个虚拟的路由器，也就是一个主：配虚拟IP地址、优先级（默认100、链路down减10）一般120、监听上层口和下层口备：配虚拟IP地址、优先级（默认100、链路down减10）一般115、不需要监听上层口和下层口

拓扑图如下

配置LSW1

<SW1>sys [Huawei]sysname SW1 [SW1]vlan batch 10 20 100 [SW1]int g0/0/2 [SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type trunk [SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port trunk allow-pass vlan all [SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]un sh [SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g0/0/1 [SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type access [SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port default vlan 100 [SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]un sh [SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]dis this

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 port link-type access port default vlan 100

[SW1]int vlanif10 [SW1-Vlanif10]ip add 192.168.10.10 24
[SW1-Vlanif10]vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 192.168.10.1 ##创建虚拟IP [SW1-Vlanif10]vrrp vrid 1 priority 120 ##设定优先级为120 [SW1-Vlanif10]vrrp vrid 1 track interface g0/0/1 [SW1-Vlanif10]vrrp vrid 1 track interface g0/0/2 ##监听自身的两个接口状态 [SW1-Vlanif10]dis this

interface Vlanif10 ip address 192.168.10.10 255.255.255.0 vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 192.168.10.1 vrrp vrid 1 priority 120 vrrp vrid 1 track interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 vrrp vrid 1 track interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2

[SW1-Vlanif10]int vlanif 20 [SW1-Vlanif20]ip add 192.168.20.10 24 [SW1-Vlanif20]vrrp vrid 2 virtual-ip 192.168.20.1 [SW1-Vlanif20]vrrp vrid 2 priority 115

##配置优先级为115

[SW1]int vlanif 100 [SW1-Vlanif100]ip add 11.0.0.2 30 [SW1-Vlanif100]q [SW1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 11.0.0.1

##配置默认路由

配置LSW2

<Huawei>sys [Huawei]sysname SW2 [SW2]vlan batch 10 20 100 [SW2]int g0/0/2 [SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type trunk [SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port trunk allow-pass vlan all [SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]un sh [SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g0/0/1 [SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type access [SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port default vlan 100 [SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]un sh [SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int vlanif 10 [SW2-Vlanif10]ip add 192.168.10.20 24 [SW2-Vlanif10]vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 192.168.10.1 [SW2-Vlanif10]vrrp vrid 1 priority 115 [SW2-Vlanif10]int vlanif 20 [SW2-Vlanif20]ip add 192.168.20.20 24 [SW2-Vlanif20]vrrp vrid 2 virtual-ip 192.168.20.1 [SW2-Vlanif20]vrrp vrid 2 priority 120 [SW2-Vlanif20]vrrp vrid 2 track interface g0/0/1 [SW2-Vlanif20]vrrp vrid 2 track interface g0/0/2 [SW2]int vlanif 100 [SW2-Vlanif100]ip add 12.0.0.2 30 [SW2-Vlanif100]q
[SW2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 12.0.0.1

配置R1

<Huawei>sys [Huawei]sysname R1 [R1]int g 0/0/0 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 11.0.0.1 30 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 12.0.0.1 30 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]un sh [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int loop 0 [R1-LoopBack0]ip add 1.1.1.1 24 [R1-LoopBack0]q [R1]ip route-static 192.168.10.0 24 11.0.0.2 [R1]ip route-static 192.168.10.0 24 12.0.0.2 preference 70 [R1]ip route-static 192.168.20.0 24 12.0.0.2 [R1]ip route-static 192.168.20.0 24 11.0.0.2 preference 70

配置LSW3

<Huawei>sys [Huawei]sysname sw3 [SW3]vlan batch 10 20 [SW3]int e0/0/1 [SW3-Ethernet0/0/1]port link-type access [SW3-Ethernet0/0/1]port default vlan 10 [SW3-Ethernet0/0/1]un sh Info: Interface Ethernet0/0/1 is not shutdown. [SW3-Ethernet0/0/1]int e0/0/2 [SW3-Ethernet0/0/2]port link-type access
[SW3-Ethernet0/0/2]port default vlan 20 [SW3-Ethernet0/0/2]un sh Info: Interface Ethernet0/0/2 is not shutdown. [SW3-Ethernet0/0/2]int g0/0/1 [SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan all [SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]un sh [SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2 [SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type trunk [SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port trunk allow-pass vlan all [SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]un sh

测试网络互通性

******PC1>ping 1.1.1.1

Ping 1.1.1.1: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break From 1.1.1.1: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=254 time=93 ms From 1.1.1.1: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=254 time=47 ms From 1.1.1.1: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=254 time=47 ms From 1.1.1.1: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=254 time=62 ms From 1.1.1.1: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=254 time=63 ms

--- 1.1.1.1 ping statistics --- 5 packet(s) transmitted 5 packet(s) received 0.00% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 47/62/93 ms

PC2>ping 1.1.1.1

Ping 1.1.1.1: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break From 1.1.1.1: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=254 time=109 ms From 1.1.1.1: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=254 time=63 ms From 1.1.1.1: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=254 time=62 ms From 1.1.1.1: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=254 time=63 ms From 1.1.1.1: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=254 time=47 ms

1.1.1.1 ping statistics 5 packet(s) transmitted 5 packet(s) received 0.00% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 47/68/109 ms

模拟线网主链路故障,另一条链路替代运行

[SW1]int g0/0/1 [SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]shutdown