交换机无法启动的原因有很多,比如内部芯片故障,电源故障,系统大包损坏或丢失等,最常见的为系统大包损坏或丢失。

今天我们一起来看一下如何判定及解决系统大包软件损坏或丢失的问题


一、现象及判定
典型场景一,找不到系统软件大包,导致s5700-24tp-si-ac设备上电无法正常启动

Can not open Flash file: flash:/S5700SI-V100R005C01SPC100.cc   //提示无法打开系统文件(.cc的为系统文件)
Auto-booting with last time startup file...
Last time startup file is the same as current startup file!

Seeking a VRP software in flash file-system...
Can not find any file in flash file-system!                                        //提示无法找到任何系统文件
Can not find a valid package.                                                          //提示无法找到有效的启动包

Auto-booting failed!                                                                       //启动失败
Reboot...                                                                                          //重启

如遇到打印信息是如上3个标红颜色的任意一个,均为系统大包损坏或丢失,需进入bootrom菜单重刷大包

典型场景二,系统反复异常重启,导致设备无法启动

BIOS LOADING ...
Copyright (c) 2008-2011 HUAWEI TECH CO., LTD.
(Ver200, Mar 15 2013, 11:03:39)

Press Ctrl+B to enter BOOTROM menu ... 0
Auto-booting...
Decompressing Image file ... done

There is no record in region Exception.

BIOS LOADING ...
Copyright (c) 2008-2011 HUAWEI TECH CO., LTD.
(Ver200, Mar 15 2013, 11:03:39)

Press Ctrl+B to enter BOOTROM menu ... 0
Auto-booting...
Decompressing Image file ... done

There is no record in region Exception.
……

这种循环的打印“BIOS LOADING ... ”然后出现“There is no record in region Exception. ”的场景,通常也是由于找不到系统软件大包(大包已丢失或损坏)导致的,可以进入到bootrom下重刷系统解决。


二、具体的操作方法
1、前期准备:
(1)从官网上下载对应型号的软件大包 ,系统软件大包后缀为 .cc 。
(2)除console线连接电脑和设备以外,还需要准备一根网线连接PC和设备。使用FTP或TFTP传输系统文件到设备需要使用。一般设备自带ETH管理口的,设备侧是把网线接到ETH口;没有ETH口的设备,一般是接设备的第一个接口(其他接口理论上也可以)。
相关资料:使用FTP/TFTP传输文件视频-如何通过FTP拷贝文件
具体连线图可以参考:
S系列交换机无法启动之系统大包损坏/丢失_交换机故障

2、刷大包操作:
(1)进入bootrom菜单。
操作说明:重启设备,待界面出现“Press Ctrl+B or Ctrl+E to enter BootROM menu ...”显示信息时,按下Ctrl+B或Ctrl+E,输入密码后,进入BootROM主菜单。
BIOS loading ...
Copyright (c) 2011-2013 HUAWEI TECH CO., LTD.
Basic BootROM version : 160 Compiled at May 14 2013, 21:19:01

Press Ctrl+B or Ctrl+E to enter BootROM menu ... 2   //注意,此处需快速(3秒内完成 )按下键盘上的Ctrl和B
password:                                                                     //手动输入BootROM密码。缺省的BootROM密码是Admin@huawei.com

          BootROM  MENU                                               //bootrom主菜单

    1. Boot with default mode          
    2. Enter serial submenu
    3. Enter startup submenu
    4. Enter ethernet submenu
    5. Enter filesystem submenu
    6. Enter password submenu
    7. Clear password for console user
    8. Reboot
    (Press Ctrl+E to enter diag menu)

Enter your choice(1-8):
(2)设置设备的FTP参数,方便设备与PC建立FTP连接。
          BootROM  MENU

    1. Boot with default mode
    2. Enter serial submenu
    3. Enter startup submenu
    4. Enter ethernet submenu                                       //在BootROM主菜单下选择4,进入以太网子菜单。
    5. Enter filesystem submenu
    6. Enter password submenu
    7. Clear password for console user
    8. Reboot
    (Press Ctrl+E to enter diag menu)

Enter your choice(1-8): 4

          ETHERNET  SUBMENU

    1. Update BootROM system
    2. Download file to Flash through ethernet interface
    3. Upload Configuration file to Ftp through ethernet interface
    4. Modify ethernet interface boot parameter          //在以太网菜单下,选择4,进入修改以太网参数界面。
    5. Return to main menu

Enter your choice(1-5): 4

          BOOTLINE  SUBMENU

    1. Set TFTP protocol parameters
    2. Set FTP protocol parameters       //如果是采用FTP软件传输文件,选择2。如果是使用TFTP软件传送文件,选择1. 
    3. Return to ethernet menu

Enter your choice(1-3): 2

'.' = clear field;  '-' = go to previous field;  ^D = quit
Load File name      : S5700SI-V200R001C00.CC S5700SI-V200R005C00SPC500.cc //手动输入需要加载的系统软件名(官网下载的对应版本的.cc文件)
Switch IP address   : 192.168.1.15:ffffff00 192.168.1.3  //设置设备管理网口的IP地址(无固定地址,可随机输入,保持和电脑IP同网段即可)
Server IP address   : 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.6                //输入FTP服务器(电脑)的IP地址
FTP User Name       : huawei user                                 //输入FTP服务器(电脑上FTP软件)的用户名user
FTP User Password   :                                                    //输入FTP服务器(电脑上FTP软件)的密码huawei

说明:此处默认会有黑色部分的内容,不用管,直接按照红色部分输入信息即可。

Starting to write BOOTLINE into flash ... done
(3)加载的系统软件加载到设备存储器中
          ETHERNET  SUBMENU                                         //以太网菜单

    1. Update BootROM system
    2. Download file to Flash through ethernet interface //从以太网口加载系统文件到flash  
    3. Upload Configuration file to Ftp through ethernet interface
    4. Modify ethernet interface boot parameter
    5. Return to main menu

Be sure to select 4 to modify boot parameter before downloading!
Enter your choice(1-5): 2                                                //同时需要点击电脑上FTP软件传输文件的按钮
Attached TCP/IP interface to mottsec0.
Warning: no netmask specified.
Attaching network interface lo0... done.

Read file to sdram ...............Done
Writing Flash...................................................................
................................................................................
..................................................................done                          //此处显示done表示已经传输完成
File length: 13955100 bytes
Time taken : 118s

          ETHERNET  SUBMENU

    1. Update BootROM system
    2. Download file to Flash through ethernet interface
    3. Upload Configuration file to Ftp through ethernet interface
    4. Modify ethernet interface boot parameter
    5. Return to main menu                                              //退出以太网菜单,返回主菜单

Enter your choice(1-5): 5
(4)设置下次启动系统文件

          BootROM  MENU

    1. Boot with default mode
    2. Enter serial submenu
    3. Enter startup submenu                                           //进入启动菜单
    4. Enter ethernet submenu
    5. Enter filesystem submenu
    6. Enter password submenu
    7. Clear password for console user
    8. Reboot
    (Press Ctrl+E to enter diag menu)

Enter your choice(1-8): 3

       Startup Configuration Submenu

    1. Display startup configuration
    2. Modify startup configuration                                  //修改启动配置
    3. Return to main menu

Enter your choice(1-3): 2
Note: startup file field can not be cleared
'.'=clear field; '^D'=quit; Enter=use current configuration

startup type(1: Flash)
  current: 1
  new    :                                                                          //无需设置,直接回车
Flash startup file (can not be cleared)
  current: S5700SI-V200R001C00.cc
  new    : S5700SI-V200R005C00SPC500.cc                    //需要手动输入需要加载的系统软件 S5700SI-V200R005C00SPC500.cc
saved-configuration file
  current: vrpcfg.zip
  new    :                                                                          //无需设置,直接回车
patch package
  current:
  new    :                                                                         //无需设置,直接回车

       Startup Configuration Submenu

    1. Display startup configuration
    2. Modify startup configuration
    3. Return to main menu                                            //退出启动配置信息菜单,返回主菜单

Enter your choice(1-3):3
(5)重启设备,重启后刷的大包才会生效,设备才能正常启动。

          BootROM  MENU

    1. Boot with default mode                                         //选择“1. Boot with default mode”,启动设备
    2. Enter serial submenu
    3. Enter startup submenu
    4. Enter ethernet submenu
    5. Enter filesystem submenu
    6. Enter password submenu
    7. Clear password for console user
    8. Reboot
    (Press Ctrl+E to enter diag menu)

Enter your choice(1-8): 1
选择1后设备重新启动,需耐心等待。


(6)检查是否重刷大包成功
启动完成后需要输入正确的console密码,正确输入后可以看到<HUAWEI>的界面,表示系统大包刷成功了,设备正常运行。
<HUAWEI> display version       //执行display version查看设备当前软件版本是否为刚才bootrom刷的版本
Huawei Versatile Routing Platform Software
VRP (R) software, Version 5.160 (S5700 V200R005C00SPC500)
Copyright (C) 2000-2014 HUAWEI TECH CO., LTD
Quidway S5700-24TP-SI-AC Routing Switch uptime is 0 week, 0 day, 0 hours, 7 minutes
......
到此我们的系统大包损坏或丢失的问题就完结啦。