JSP基本语法、3个编译指令、7个动作指令、9个内置对象

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chisj 2021-08-17 23:45:15 博主文章分类：Java SSH

文章标签 html java jsp页面客户端 xml 文章分类 Java 后端开发

转载自：http://blog.csdn.net/napoay/article/details/50754362

一、jsp概述

JSP是java server page的缩写，其本质是一个简化的servlet，是一种动态网页技术标准。jsp页面是在HTML页面中嵌入java程序段，使用jsp开发的应用程序可以跨平台。

二、jsp基本语法

2.1 jsp表达式

jsp表达式用于向页面输出信息，语法格式如下：

<code class="hljs mel has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%=</span> 表达式 <span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

如：<%= 5+6 %>
<%与=之间不能有空格，＝与后面的表达式之间可以有空格。

2.2 jsp声明标识

声明标识用语在jsp页面中定义全局的变量或者方法，通过声明标识定义的变量和方法可以被整个jsp页面访问。语法格式如下：

<code class="hljs mel has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%!</span>声明变量或者方法的代码<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

如<%!String str = "test";%>
<%与!之间不能有空格,!与其后面的代码之间可以有空格。

2.3 jsp代码段

代码片段就是嵌在jsp页面中的java代码或脚本代码，会在页面请求的处理期间被执行，java代码可以实现定义变量、流程控制等功能；脚本代码可以通过使用jsp内置对象在jsp页面输出内容、处理请求和响应、访问session等，代码片段的语法格式如下：

<code class="hljs xml has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="vbscript" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><% java代码或者脚本代码 %></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

2.4 jsp注释

2.4.1 HTML注释

HTML注释格式：

<code class="hljs xml has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">    <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"><!--  html注释--></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

html注释不会显示在网页中，在浏览器中查看源代码的时候可以看到注释信息。

2.4.2 代码片段注释

因为代码片段即为java代码或者脚本代码，代码片段的注释和java语法一样，单行注释写在//之后，多行注释写在/* */ 之间，文档提示注释写在/**与 */之间。

<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//单行注释</span>

<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/*
  多行注释第一行
  多行注释第二行
*/</span>

<span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/**
  文档注释    
*/</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li></ul>

2.4.3 隐藏注释

html注释在查看网页源代码的时候可以看到,所以严格来说这种注释并不安全，jsp提供的隐藏注释在浏览器和查看源码的时候都看不到，安全性更高。
隐藏注释写在<%–与%>之间：

<code class="hljs ruby has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">%--</span>jsp注隐藏释 --%></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

2.4.4 动态注释

在html注释中嵌入jsp代码片段可以构成动态的html注释文本。
示例：

<code class="hljs xml has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"><!-- tody is <%=new Date()%>.动态注释 --></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

示例代码

<code class="hljs xml has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="vbscript" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><%@ page language=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"java"</span> contentType=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"text/html; charset=UTF-8"</span>
    pageEncoding=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"UTF-8"</span> import=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"java.util.*,java.util.ArrayList"</span>%></span>
<span class="hljs-doctype" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><!DOCTYPE html></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">html</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">head</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">meta</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">http-equiv</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"Content-Type"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">content</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"text/html; charset=UTF-8"</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">title</span>></span>hello world<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">title</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">head</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">body</span>></span>
    <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">h1</span>></span>jsp基本语法<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">h1</span>></span>
    <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"><!--  html注释--></span>
    <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"><!-- tody is <%=new Date()%>.动态注释 --></span>
    <span class="vbscript" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><%--jsp注隐藏释 --%></span>
    <span class="vbscript" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><%!<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">String</span> str = <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"test"</span>; //jsp声明%></span>
    <span class="vbscript" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><%
        /**
          文档注释
        */
        //单行注释

        /*
          多行注释<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>
          多行注释<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>
        */
        <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">String</span> hello = <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"hello world"</span>;
        out.println(hello + <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"<br>"</span>);
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span> (<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> i = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>; i <= <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">9</span>; i++) {
            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span> (<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> j = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>; j <= i; j++) {
                out.println(i + <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"*"</span> + j + <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"="</span> + j * i + <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;"</span>);
            }
            out.println(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"</br>"</span>);
        }
        out.println(str);
    %></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">body</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">html</span>></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li></ul>

浏览器访问：
JSP基本语法、3个编译指令、7个动作指令、9个内置对象_html

三、jsp的3个编译指令

jsp编译指令是通知jsp引擎的消息，它不直接生成输出，编译指令有默认值。常见的编译指令有3个：

page指令：该指令是针对当前页面的指令。
include指令：用于指定包含另一个页面。
taglib指令：用于定义和访问自定义标签。
编译指令的语法格式如下：

<code class="hljs r has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><%@ 编译指令名 属性名<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"属性值"</span> 属性名<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>＝<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"属性值"</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">...</span>  %></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

3.1 page指令

pag指令常用属性

属性	定义
language =“语言”	主要指定JSP 容器要用什么语言来编译JSP页。JSP 1.2 规范中指出，目前只可以使用Java 语言，不过未来不排除增加其他语言，如C、C++、Perl 等等。默认值为Java语言
extends = “基类名”	主要定义此JSP 网页产生的Servlet 是继承哪个父类
import= “包名”	定义此JSP 网页可以使用哪些Java类库
session=”true或false”	决定此JSP 网页是否可以使用session 对象。默认值为true
buffer=”none或size in kb”	决定输出流(output stream) 是否有缓冲区。默认值为8KB 的缓冲区
autoFlush=”true 或false”	决定输出流的缓冲区是否要自动清除，缓冲区满了会产生异常(Exception)。默认值为true
isThreadSafe=”true 或 false”	告诉JSP 容器，此JSP 网页是否能同时处理多个请求。默认值为true，如果此值设为false，转义生成的Servlet会实现SingleThreadModel接口。
info =”text”	表示此JSP 网页的相关信息
errorPage=”error_url”	表示如果发生异常错误时，网页会被重新指向指定的URL
isErrorPage=”true或false”	表示此JSP Page 是否为专门处理错误和异常的网页
contentType = “ctinfo”	表示MIME 类型和JSP 网页的编码方式，其作用相当于HttpServletResponse接口的setContentType()方法

3.2 include指令

include指令可以将一个外部文件嵌入到当前jsp文件中，同时解析这个页面中的jsp语句。include命令既可以包含jsp页面也可以包含静态文本。编译指令语法如下：

<code class="hljs mel has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%@</span> include <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">file</span>=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"要导入的jsp页面或文本文件"</span> <span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

如：

<code class="hljs xml has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="vbscript" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><%@ page language=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"java"</span> contentType=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"text/html; charset=UTF-8"</span>
    pageEncoding=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"UTF-8"</span>%></span>
<span class="hljs-doctype" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><!DOCTYPE html></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">html</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">head</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">meta</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">http-equiv</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"Content-Type"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">content</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"text/html; charset=UTF-8"</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">title</span>></span>include<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">title</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">head</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">body</span>></span>
    <span class="vbscript" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><%@ include file=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"header.jsp"</span>%></span>
    <span class="vbscript" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><%@ include file=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"text.txt"</span>%></span>
    <span class="vbscript" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><%@ include file=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"footer.jsp"</span>%></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">body</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">html</span>></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li></ul>

使用include指令注意事项：
1.file名不能为依变量，下面的例子是错误的：

<code class="hljs mel has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%!</span> String url=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"header.jsp"</span> <span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%></span>
<<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%@</span> include=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"<%=url %>"</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li></ul>

2.file名后面不能传入参数，下面的例子是错误的：

<code class="hljs mel has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%@</span> include <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">file</span>=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"header.jsp?username=abc"</span> <span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

3.file的路径是相对于此jsp的路径。

3.3 taglib指令

taglib指令用于引入一些特定的标签库,语法格式：

<code class="hljs mel has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%@</span> taglib prefix=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"tagPrefix"</span> uri=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"tagLibraryURI"</span> <span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

如使用struts标签库：

<code class="hljs mel has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%@</span> taglib prefix=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"s"</span> taglib=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"/struts-tags"</span> <span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">%></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

prefix=”tagPrefix “用于定制标记的前缀,jsp, jspx, java, javax, servlet, sun, 和sunw已被sun公司保留。uri=”tagLibraryURI”统一资源标记库，制定一个特定的标记库,可以是相对路径，也可以是绝对路径。

四、jsp的7个动作指令

4.1forward指令

forward指令用于将页面转发到另外的页面，可以是html页面、jsp页面、容器中的servlet.
语法如下：

<code class="hljs xml has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">jsp:forward</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">page</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"目标页面地址"</span>></span><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">jsp:forward</span>></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

如果转发的时候需要传递参数可以使用<jsp:param></jsp:param>指令进行设置。
比如，访问index.jsp页面时自动转发至login.jsp，需要把username和password传递过去：
index.jsp:

<code class="hljs xml has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="vbscript" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><%@ page language=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"java"</span> contentType=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"text/html; charset=UTF-8"</span>
    pageEncoding=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"UTF-8"</span>%></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">jsp:forward</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">page</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"login.jsp"</span>></span>
    <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">jsp:param</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">value</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"yaopan"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"username"</span> /></span>
    <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">jsp:param</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">value</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"123456"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"password"</span> /></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">jsp:forward</span>></span>
<span class="vbscript" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><%--mac上按住comment键(windows下按住ctrl键)，再点击login.jsp  forword以下的代码不会被执行 --%></span>
网站主页</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li></ul>

在login.jsp中可以使用getParameter方法获取传入的参数值：

<code class="hljs avrasm has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><%
  String name=request<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.getParameter</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"username"</span>)<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span>
  String pwd=request<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.getParameter</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"password"</span>)<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span>
  <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">out</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.println</span>(name)<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span>
  <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">out</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.println</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"<br>"</span>)<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span>
  <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">out</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.println</span>(pwd)<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span>
%></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li></ul>

执行forword指令时用户请求的地址没有发生变化，页面内容被forward目标替代。

4.2 include指令

include指令用于包含某个页面，但不会导入被include页面的编译指令。可以通过param指令传递参数：
新建一个index.jsp

<code class="hljs xml has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="vbscript" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><%@ page language=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"java"</span> contentType=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"text/html; charset=UTF-8"</span>
    pageEncoding=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"UTF-8"</span>%></span>
<span class="hljs-doctype" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><!DOCTYPE html></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">html</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">jsp:include</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">page</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"head.html"</span>></span><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">jsp:include</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">jsp:include</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">page</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"body.jsp"</span>></span>
   <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">jsp:param</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">value</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"#1d99f6"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"bgcolor"</span>/></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">jsp:include</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">html</span>></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li></ul>

body.jsp

<code class="hljs d has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">body</span> bgcolor=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"<%=request.getParameter("</span>bgcolo<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">r")%>"</span>>
</<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">body</span>></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li></ul>

4.3useBean、setProperty、getProperty指令

这三个指令与javaBean相关，useBean用于在jsp页面中初始化一个Java实例；setProperty为javaBean实例的属性赋值；getProperty属性用于输出javaBean实例的属性。
如果jsp页面中需要重复使用某段代码，可以把这段代码定义成java方法，然后多个jsp页面调用该方法达到页面复用的效果。
useBean的语法格式如下：

<code class="hljs xml has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">jsp:useBean</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">id</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"beanID"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">class</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"java包名.类名"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">scope</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"page|request|session|application"</span>></span><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">jsp:useBean</span>></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

如：在ucas.ac.cn.jspstudy包下创建一个Student类，有name、age、stuId三个属性和相应的setter和getter方法。在jsp页面中创建javaBean实例：

<code class="hljs xml has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="vbscript" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><%--创建Student对象，对象名为stu1 --%></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">jsp:useBean</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">id</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"stu1"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">class</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"ucas.ac.cn.jspstudy.Student"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">scope</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"page"</span>></span><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">jsp:useBean</span>></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li></ul>

setProperty方法用于为javaBean实例的属性赋值：

<code class="hljs ruby has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">%--</span>给stu1的name属性赋值 --%>
<<span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">jsp:</span>setProperty property=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"name"</span> name=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"stu1"</span> value=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"张三"</span>/>
<<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">%--</span>给stu1的age属性赋值 --%>
<<span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">jsp:</span>setProperty property=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"age"</span> name=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"stu1"</span> value=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"20"</span>/></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li></ul>

getProperty用于输出javaBean实例的属性值：

<code class="hljs ruby has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">%--</span>输出stu1的name值 --%>
<<span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">jsp:</span>getProperty property=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"name"</span> name=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"stu1"</span>/>
<<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">%--</span>输出stu1的age值 --%>
<<span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">jsp:</span>getProperty property=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"age"</span> name=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"stu1"</span>/></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li></ul>

4.4plugin指令

plugin主要用于下载服务器端的javaBean或applet到客户端执行，现在很少使用。

4.5param指令

param指令用于设置参数值，该指令本身不能单独使用，单独的param指令没有意义，配合以下三个指令使用：

jsp:include
jsp:forward
jsp:plugin

五、jsp脚本中的9个内置对象

5.1 application对象

jsp、servlet之间不能相互调用，为了解决jsp和servlet之间数据交换的问题，web服务器提供了四个对象，分别是application、session、request、page。放入application对象中的数据对整个Web应用有效,一旦jsp、servlet将数据放入application对象之中，该数据可以被该应用下其它jsp、servlet访问。

5.2 config对象

config对象代表当前jsp配置信息，但jsp页面通常无需配置，该对象在jsp页面中较少使用，在servlet中使用较多。

5.3 exception对象

exception对象是Throwable的实例，代表jsp脚本中产生的错误和异常，是jsp页面异常机制的一部分。把page指令的isErrowPage属性设置为true时可以访问exception内置对象。

5.4 out对象

out对象是javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter的实例，代表jsp的输出流,永于输出内容形成html页面。
out对象一些方法：

out.println():输出完成后会换行,换行效果在页面中不显示只在源码中显示
out.print():输出后不换行
out.getBufferSize() :输出缓冲区大小
out.getRemaining() :输出剩余缓冲区大小
out.clear():清空缓冲区，不将数据发送至客户端
out.clearBuffer():将数据发送至客户端，再清空缓冲区
out.flush():输出缓冲区内容
out.close():关闭输出流

5.5page对象

代表该页面本身，通常没有太大用处。

5.6 pageContext对象

代表页面上下文，主要用于jsp之间的共享数据，使用pageContext对象可以访问page、request、session、application范围的变量。

5.7 request对象

request对象是jsp中的重要对象，每个对象封装着一次用户请求，并且所有对请求参数都被封装在request对象中，request对象是获取用户请求参数的重要途径。request对象的一些方法：

request.getMethod():获取请求的方法名，如get，post.
request.getRequestURI():获取请求资源名.如请求访问:/jspstudy/08/request.jsp
request.getProtocol():获取请求使用的协议.如：HTTP/1.1
request.getServerName():获取请求使用的服务器，如：localhost.
request.getServerPort():获取请求使用的服务器端口，如：8080
request.getRemoteAddr():获取客户端的ip地址.
request.getRemoteHost():获取客户端主机.
request.getParameter():获取传递过来的参数值.
request.getParameterValues():请求参数有多个值时，该方法返回多个值组成的数组.
request.setAttribute():

测试代码：

<code class="hljs xml has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="vbscript" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><%@ page language=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"java"</span> contentType=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"text/html; charset=UTF-8"</span>
    pageEncoding=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"UTF-8"</span>%></span>
<span class="hljs-doctype" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><!DOCTYPE html></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">html</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">head</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">meta</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">http-equiv</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"Content-Type"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">content</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"text/html; charset=UTF-8"</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">title</span>></span>request方法<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">title</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">head</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">body</span>></span>

<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">form</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">action</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">""</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">method</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"post"</span>></span>
  username:<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">input</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">type</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"text"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"username"</span>></span><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">br</span>/></span>
  <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">input</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">type</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"submit"</span>></span>
  请求方法名:<span class="vbscript" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><%=<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">request</span>.getMethod() %></span><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">br</span>/></span>
  请求的资源:<span class="vbscript" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><%=<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">request</span>.getRequestURI() %></span><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">br</span>/></span>
  请求使用的协议:<span class="vbscript" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><%=<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">request</span>.getProtocol() %></span><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">br</span>/></span>
  请求使用的服务器:<span class="vbscript" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><%=<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">request</span>.getServerName() %></span><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">br</span>/></span>
  请求使用的服务器端口:<span class="vbscript" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><%=<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">request</span>.getServerPort() %></span><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">br</span>/></span>
  客户端的IP地址:<span class="vbscript" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><%=<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">request</span>.getRemoteAddr() %></span><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">br</span>/></span>
  客户端主机:<span class="vbscript" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><%=<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">request</span>.getRemoteHost() %></span><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">br</span>/></span>
  表单提交过来的值:<span class="vbscript" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><%=<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">request</span>.getParameter(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"username"</span>) %></span><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">br</span>/></span> 
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">form</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">body</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">html</span>></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li></ul>

输出：

<code class="hljs ruby has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">请求方法名<span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">:POST</span>
请求的资源<span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">:/jspstudy/</span>08/request.jsp
请求使用的协议<span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">:HTTP/</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1.1</span>
请求使用的服务器<span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">:localhost</span>
请求使用的服务器端口<span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">:</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">8080</span>
客户端的<span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">IP</span>地址<span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">:</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span><span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">:</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span><span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">:</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span><span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">:</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span><span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">:</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span><span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">:</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span><span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">:</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span><span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">:</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>
客户端主机<span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">:</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span><span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">:</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span><span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">:</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span><span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">:</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span><span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">:</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span><span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">:</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span><span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">:</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span><span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">:</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>
表单提交过来的值<span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">:test</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li></ul>

5.8 response对象

response对象用于服务器对客户端的响应，大部分时候使用out对象向页面输出，但是out对象时JspWriter对象的实例，JapWriter时Writer的字类，Writer是字符流，因此out对象无法输出非字符内容。jsp页面需要输出图片、pdf文档、excel等非字符对象时需要使用response作为响应输出.response还可以用于重定向，向客户端增加cookie.

5.9 session对象

session对象代表一次用户会话，一次用户会话的含义是：从客户端连接服务器开始，到客户端与服务器断开为止，这个过程就是一次会话。
session通常用于跟踪用户的会话信息，如判断用户是否登录，购物车中跟踪用户购买的商品。
session范围的属性可以在多个页面点跳转之间共享，一旦关闭浏览器，session结束，session范围内的属性就会全部丢失。