spring mvc注解例子

弃用了struts，用spring mvc框架做了几个项目，感觉都不错，而且使用了注解方式，可以省掉一大堆配置文件。本文主要介绍使用注解方式配置的spring mvc，之前写的spring3.0 mvc和rest小例子没有介绍到数据层的内容，现在这一篇补上。下面开始贴代码。

文中用的框架版本：spring 3,hibernate 3,没有的，自己上网下。

web.xml配置：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>   
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">   
  <display-name>s3h3</display-name>   
   <context-param>     
     <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>     
     <param-value>classpath:applicationContext*.xml</param-value>     
 </context-param>     
  <listener>     
     <listener- class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener- class>     
 </listener>     
  
 <servlet>     
     <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>     
     <servlet- class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet- class>     
     <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>     
 </servlet>     
 <servlet-mapping>     
     <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>  <!-- 这里在配成spring,下边也要写一个名为spring-servlet.xml的文件，主要用来配置它的controller -->   
     <url-pattern>*. do</url-pattern>     
 </servlet-mapping>     
  <welcome-file-list>   
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>   
  </welcome-file-list>   
</web-app>  

spring-servlet,主要配置controller的信息

 <? xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>   
   < beans  xmlns ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"      
       xmlns:xsi ="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  xmlns:p ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"      
        xmlns:context ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"      
   xsi:schemaLocation ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd   
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd   
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd   
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd" >   
     
   < context:annotation-config  />   
        <!--  把标记了@Controller注解的类转换为bean  -->     
       < context:component-scan  base-package ="com.mvc.controller"   />     
   <!--  启动Spring MVC的注解功能，完成请求和注解POJO的映射  -->     
       < bean  class ="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter"   />     
        
        <!--  对模型视图名称的解析，即在模型视图名称添加前后缀  -->     
        < bean  class ="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"      
          p:prefix ="/WEB-INF/view/"  p:suffix =".jsp"   />     
           
        < bean  id ="multipartResolver"      
          class ="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver"      
          p:defaultEncoding ="utf-8"   />     
  </ beans >  

applicationContext.xml代码

  <? xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>   
< beans  xmlns ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"   
 xmlns:aop ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"  xmlns:context ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"   
 xmlns:p ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"  xmlns:tx ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"   
 xmlns:xsi ="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"   
 xsi:schemaLocation ="   
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd   
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd   
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd   
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd" >   
  
  < context:annotation-config  />   
  < context:component-scan  base-package ="com.mvc"   />   <!--  自动扫描所有注解该路径  -->   
  
  < context:property-placeholder  location ="classpath:/hibernate.properties"   />   
  
  < bean  id ="sessionFactory"   
  class ="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean" >   
   < property  name ="dataSource"  ref ="dataSource"   />   
   < property  name ="hibernateProperties" >   
    < props >   
     < prop  key ="hibernate.dialect" >${dataSource.dialect} </ prop >   
     < prop  key ="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" >${dataSource.hbm2ddl.auto} </ prop >   
     < prop  key ="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" >update </ prop >   
    </ props >   
   </ property >   
   < property  name ="packagesToScan" >   
    < list >   
     < value >com.mvc.entity </ value > <!--  扫描实体类，也就是平时所说的model  -->   
    </ list >   
     </ property >   
  </ bean >   
  
  < bean  id ="transactionManager"   
  class ="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" >   
   < property  name ="sessionFactory"  ref ="sessionFactory"   />   
   < property  name ="dataSource"  ref ="dataSource"   />   
  </ bean >   
  
  < bean  id ="dataSource"   
  class ="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource" >   
   < property  name ="driverClassName"  value ="${dataSource.driverClassName}"   />   
   < property  name ="url"  value ="${dataSource.url}"   />   
   < property  name ="username"  value ="${dataSource.username}"   />   
   < property  name ="password"  value ="${dataSource.password}"   />   
  </ bean >   
  <!--  Dao的实现  -->   
  < bean  id ="entityDao"  class ="com.mvc.dao.EntityDaoImpl" >     
   < property  name ="sessionFactory"  ref ="sessionFactory"   />   
  </ bean >   
  < tx:annotation-driven  transaction-manager ="transactionManager"   />   
  < tx:annotation-driven  mode ="aspectj" />   
     
     < aop:aspectj-autoproxy />     
</ beans >  
 

hibernate.properties数据库连接配置

 dataSource.password=123  
dataSource.username=root   
dataSource.databaseName=test   
dataSource.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver   
dataSource.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect   
dataSource.serverName=localhost:3306  
dataSource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test   
dataSource.properties=user=${dataSource.username};databaseName=${dataSource.databaseName};serverName=${dataSource.serverName};password=${dataSource.password}   
dataSource.hbm2ddl.auto=update  

配置已经完成，下面开始例子
先在数据库建表，例子用的是mysql数据库

 CREATE TABLE  `test`.`student` (   
  `id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,   
  `name` varchar(45) NOT NULL,   
  `psw` varchar(45) NOT NULL,   
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)   
)  

建好表后，生成实体类

 package com.mvc.entity;   
  
import java.io.Serializable;   
  
import javax.persistence.Basic;   
import javax.persistence.Column;   
import javax.persistence.Entity;   
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;   
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;   
import javax.persistence.Id;   
import javax.persistence.Table;   
  
@Entity  
@Table(name = "student")   
public class Student implements Serializable {   
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;   
    @Id  
    @Basic(optional = false)   
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)   
    @Column(name = "id", nullable = false)   
    private Integer id;   
    @Column(name = "name")   
    private String user;   
    @Column(name = "psw")   
    private String psw;   
    public Integer getId() {   
        return id;   
    }   
    public void setId(Integer id) {   
        this.id = id;   
    }   
       
    public String getUser() {   
        return user;   
    }   
    public void setUser(String user) {   
        this.user = user;   
    }   
    public String getPsw() {   
        return psw;   
    }   
    public void setPsw(String psw) {   
        this.psw = psw;   
    }   
}  
 

Dao层实现

  package com.mvc.dao;   
  
import java.util.List;   
  
public  interface EntityDao  {   
    public List<Object> createQuery(final String queryString);   
    public Object save(final Object model);   
    public void update(final Object model);   
    public void delete(final Object model);   
}  





package com.mvc.dao;   
  
import java.util.List;   
  
import org.hibernate.Query;   
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateCallback;   
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;   
  
public  class EntityDaoImpl  extends HibernateDaoSupport  implements EntityDao {   
    public List<Object> createQuery(final String queryString) {   
        return (List<Object>) getHibernateTemplate().execute(   
                new HibernateCallback<Object>() {   
                    public Object doInHibernate(org.hibernate.Session session)   
                            throws org.hibernate.HibernateException {   
                        Query query = session.createQuery(queryString);   
                        List<Object> rows = query.list();   
                        return rows;   
                    }   
                });   
    }   
    public Object save(final Object model) {   
        return  getHibernateTemplate().execute(   
                new HibernateCallback<Object>() {   
                    public Object doInHibernate(org.hibernate.Session session)   
                            throws org.hibernate.HibernateException {   
                        session.save(model);   
                        return null;   
                    }   
                });   
    }   
    public void update(final Object model) {   
        getHibernateTemplate().execute(new HibernateCallback<Object>() {   
            public Object doInHibernate(org.hibernate.Session session)   
                    throws org.hibernate.HibernateException {   
                session.update(model);   
                return null;   
            }   
        });   
    }   
    public void delete(final Object model) {   
        getHibernateTemplate().execute(new HibernateCallback<Object>() {   
            public Object doInHibernate(org.hibernate.Session session)   
                    throws org.hibernate.HibernateException {   
                session.delete(model);   
                return null;   
            }   
        });   
    }   
}  



Dao在applicationContext.xml注入


< bean  id ="entityDao"  class ="com.mvc.dao.EntityDaoImpl" >  
   < property  name ="sessionFactory"  ref ="sessionFactory"   />
  </ bean >
 

 

Dao只有一个类的实现，直接供其它service层调用，如果你想更换为其它的Dao实现，也只需修改这里的配置就行了。
开始写view页面，WEB-INF/view下新建页面student.jsp，WEB-INF/view这路径是在spring-servlet.xml文件配置的，你可以配置成其它，也可以多个路径。student.jsp代码

 <% @ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"  
    pageEncoding="UTF-8" %>  
<% @ include file="/include/head.jsp" %>  
<! DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd" >  
< html >  
< head >  
< meta  http-equiv ="Content-Type"  content ="text/html; charset=UTF-8" >  
< title >添加 </ title >  
< script  language ="javascript"  src ="<%=request.getContextPath()%><!--   
/script/jquery.min.js" >   
// --></script>  
<style><!--   
table{  border-collapse:collapse;  }   
td{  border:1px solid #f00;  }   
--></style><style mce_bogus="1">table{  border-collapse:collapse;  }   
td{  border:1px solid #f00;  }</style>  
<script type="text/javascript"><!--   
function add(){   
    window.location.href="<%=request.getContextPath() %>/student.do?method=add";   
}   
  
function del(id){   
$.ajax( {   
    type : "POST",   
    url : "<%=request.getContextPath()%>/student.do?method=del&id=" + id,   
    dataType: "json",   
    success : function(data) {   
        if(data.del == "true"){   
            alert("删除成功！");   
            $("#" + id).remove();   
        }   
        else{   
            alert("删除失败！");   
        }   
    },   
    error :function(){   
        alert("网络连接出错！");   
    }   
});   
}   
// --></script>  
</head>  
<body>  
  
<input id="add" type="button" onclick="add()" value="添加"/>  
<table >  
    <tr>  
        <td>序号</td>  
        <td>姓名</td>  
        <td>密码</td>  
        <td>操作</td>  
    </tr>  
    <c:forEach items="${list}" var="student">  
    <tr id="<c:out value="${student.id}"/>">  
        <td><c:out value="${student.id}"/></td>  
        <td><c:out value="${student.user}"/></td>  
        <td><c:out value="${student.psw}"/></td>  
        <td>  
            <input type="button" value="编辑"/>        
            <input type="button" onclick="del('<c:out value="${student.id}"/>')" value="删除"/>  
        </td>  
    </tr>  
    </c:forEach>  
       
</table>  
</body>  
</html>  





student_add.jsp

<% @ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"  
    pageEncoding="UTF-8" %>  
<% @ include file="/include/head.jsp" %>  
<! DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd" >  
< html >  
< head >  
< meta  http-equiv ="Content-Type"  content ="text/html; charset=UTF-8" >  
< title >学生添加 </ title >  
< mce:script  type ="text/javascript" > <!--    
function turnback(){   
    window.location.href="<%=request.getContextPath() %>/student.do";   
}   
//  --> </ mce:script >  
</ head >  
< body >  
< form  method ="post"  action ="<%=request.getContextPath() %>/student.do?method=save" >  
< div >< c:out  value ="${addstate}" ></ c:out ></ div >  
< table >  
     < tr >< td >姓名 </ td >< td >< input  id ="user"  name ="user"  type ="text"   /></ td ></ tr >  
     < tr >< td >密码 </ td >< td >< input  id ="psw"  name ="psw"   type ="text"   /></ td ></ tr >  
     < tr >< td  colSpan ="2"  align ="center" >< input  type ="submit"  value ="提交" />< input  type ="button"  onclick ="turnback()"  value ="返回"   />  </ td ></ tr >  
</ table >  
  
</ form >  
</ body >  
</ html >  
 

controller类实现，只需把注解写上，spring就会自动帮你找到相应的bean，相应的注解标记意义，不明白的，可以自己查下@Service，@Controller，@Entity等等的内容。

 package com.mvc.controller;   
  
import java.util.List;   
  
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;   
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;   
  
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;   
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;   
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;   
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;   
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;   
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;   
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;   
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;   
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;   
  
import com.mvc.entity.Student;   
import com.mvc.service.StudentService;   
  
@Controller  
@RequestMapping("/student.do")   
public  class StudentController  {   
    protected final transient Log log = LogFactory   
    .getLog(StudentController.class);   
    @Autowired  
    private StudentService studentService;   
    public StudentController(){   
           
    }   
       
    @RequestMapping  
    public String load(ModelMap modelMap){   
        List<Object> list = studentService.getStudentList();   
        modelMap.put("list", list);   
        return "student";   
    }   
       
    @RequestMapping(params = "method=add")   
    public String add(HttpServletRequest request, ModelMap modelMap) throws Exception{   
        return "student_add";   
    }   
       
    @RequestMapping(params = "method=save")   
    public String save(HttpServletRequest request, ModelMap modelMap){   
        String user = request.getParameter("user");   
        String psw = request.getParameter("psw");   
        Student st = new Student();   
        st.setUser(user);   
        st.setPsw(psw);   
        try{   
            studentService.save(st);   
            modelMap.put("addstate", "添加成功");   
        }   
        catch(Exception e){   
            log.error(e.getMessage());   
            modelMap.put("addstate", "添加失败");   
        }   
           
        return "student_add";   
    }   
       
    @RequestMapping(params = "method=del")   
    public void del(@RequestParam("id") String id, HttpServletResponse response){   
        try{   
            Student st = new Student();   
            st.setId(Integer.valueOf(id));   
            studentService.delete(st);   
            response.getWriter().print("{\"del\":\"true\"}");   
        }   
        catch(Exception e){   
            log.error(e.getMessage());   
            e.printStackTrace();   
        }   
    }   
}  

 

 

service类实现

 package com.mvc.service;   
  
import java.util.List;   
  
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;   
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;   
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;   
  
import com.mvc.dao.EntityDao;   
import com.mvc.entity.Student;   
  
@Service  
public  class StudentService  {   
 @Autowired  
 private EntityDao entityDao;   
    
 @Transactional  
 public List<Object> getStudentList(){   
  StringBuffer sff = new StringBuffer();   
  sff.append("select a from ").append(Student.class.getSimpleName()).append(" a ");   
  List<Object> list = entityDao.createQuery(sff.toString());   
  return list;   
 }   
    
 public void save(Student st){   
  entityDao.save(st);   
 }   
 public void delete(Object obj){   
  entityDao.delete(obj);   
 }   
} 

OK，例子写完。有其它业务内容，只需直接新建view，并实现相应comtroller和service就行了，配置和dao层的内容基本不变，也就是每次只需写jsp（view），controller和service调用dao就行了。

怎样，看了这个，spring mvc是不是比ssh实现更方便灵活。