GUI（图形用户编程）编程
AWT
组件
窗口，面板，按钮，鼠标，键盘监听事件之类的
gui的核心技术
Swing 和 AWT
- 因为界面不美观
- 需要jre环境
为什么还要学
- 可以写自己用的小工具
- 可能在工作中维护Swing界面（概率极小，老公司
- 了解MVC架构，了解监听！！
第一个Frame弹窗
public class TestFrame {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame("我的第一个java图像窗口");
//设置可见性
frame.setVisible(true);
//设置窗口大小
frame.setSize(400,400);
//设置背景颜色
frame.setBackground(new Color(2,16,4));
//弹出的初始位置
frame.setLocation(200,200); }把上面的封装起来
public class myTestFrame {
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyFrame myFrame1 = new MyFrame(100, 200, 400, 400, Color.CYAN);
MyFrame myFrame2 = new MyFrame(300, 200, 400, 400, Color.yellow);
MyFrame myFrame3 = new MyFrame(100, 300, 400, 400, Color.gray);
MyFrame myFrame4 = new MyFrame(300, 300, 400, 400, Color.blue);
}
}
class MyFrame extends Frame {
static int id=0;
public MyFrame(int x, int y, int w, int h, Color col) {
super("myframe" +(++id));
setBackground(col);
setBounds(x,y,w,h);//长，宽，高位置都有了
setVisible(true); }}panel面板的使用
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class PanelStudy {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame1 = new Frame();
Panel panel = new Panel();
frame1.setLayout(null);
frame1.setBounds(200,200,500,500);
frame1.setBackground(new Color(255, 243, 117));
panel.setBounds(100,100,300,300);
panel.setBackground(new Color(148, 255, 81));
frame1.add(panel);
frame1.setVisible(true);
//监听事件，实行鼠标点击关闭（监听适配器）
frame1.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
super.windowClosing(e);
//
System.exit(0);
// System.out.println(0); 可以输出东西：意外！！ 、
}
} ); }FlowLayout 流式布局
默认为中，从左到右
Button button1 = new Button();
Button button2 = new Button();
Button button3 = new Button();
frame1.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
panel.add(button1);
panel.add(button2);
panel.add(button3);BorderLayout 东西南北中布局
public class BorderLayoutTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
BorderLayout borderLayout1 = new BorderLayout();
Frame frame = new Frame();
Button east = new Button("east");
Button west = new Button("west");
Button south = new Button("south");
Button north = new Button("north");
Button center = new Button("center");
frame.add(east,BorderLayout.EAST);
frame.add(west,BorderLayout.WEST);
frame.add(north,BorderLayout.NORTH);
frame.add(south,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
frame.add(center,BorderLayout.CENTER);
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.setSize(200,200);
//监听关闭
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
super.windowClosing(e);
System.exit(0); } });GridLayout（2,1）栅格布局
做出如下的图像
不知道为什么两边的按钮如此的小
主要是面板的嵌套，在初始化时就要设置
[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-QQXd78Py-1636275665085)(C:\Users\74771\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\1632741693874.png)]
public class Tset1 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//面板初始化
Frame frame = new Frame();
Panel panel1 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
Panel panel2 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
Panel panel3 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,1));
Panel panel4 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,2));
frame.setBounds(500,500,1000,1000);
frame.setBackground(Color.CYAN);
Button bt1 = new Button();
Button bt2 = new Button();
Button bt3 = new Button();
Button bt4 = new Button();
//添加
frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1));
frame.add(panel1);
frame.add(panel2);
//上半部分，主要是面板的几种布局：流式，东西南北中，阑珊
panel1.add(bt1,BorderLayout.WEST);
panel1.add(panel3,BorderLayout.CENTER);
panel1.add(bt2,BorderLayout.EAST);
panel3.add(bt3,BorderLayout.NORTH);
panel3.add(bt4,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
//下半部分
panel2.add(new Button(),BorderLayout.WEST);
panel2.add(new Button(),BorderLayout.EAST);
panel2.add(panel4,BorderLayout.CENTER);
panel4.add(new Button());
panel4.add(new Button());
panel4.add(new Button());
panel4.add(new Button());
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
super.windowClosing(e);
System.exit(0); } }); }事件监听
重写一个class监听多个按钮，不用匿名内部类
public class listenStudy {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame();
Button button1 = new Button("start");
Button button2 = new Button("stop");
frame.add(button1,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
frame.add(button2,BorderLayout.NORTH);
//两个按钮实现同一个监听,匿名内部类,
// 太麻烦了，应该再写一个类，明天吧，今天图书馆快要闭关了。2021.9.27
//重点是把匿名内部类分离出来，像在另一个类class中创建，写在下面就OK了
// 明天见。
button1.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {//
@Override//
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {//
System.out.println(e.getActionCommand());//
}// });
button2.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {//
@Override//
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {//
System.out.println(e.getActionCommand());//
}// });
myListen mylisten = new myListen();
button1.addActionListener(mylisten);
button2.addActionListener(mylisten);
frame.pack();
frame.setVisible(true);
windowClose(frame);
}
//关闭
public static void windowClose(Frame frame){
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
super.windowClosing(e); } }); }}
//再实现一个监听类就OK了
class myListen implements ActionListener {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
if(e.getActionCommand()=="start"){
System.out.println("66666666");
}else {
System.out.println("12345678"); }
}}代码格式多个类
public class Test1 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new myFrame();
//都在其他类实现
}}
class myFrame extends Frame{//接口，还是继承要弄明白
public myFrame() {
TextField textField = new TextField();
add(textField);
//必须new一个监听对象，自己写监听类
MyListen myListen1 = new MyListen();
textField.addActionListener( myListen1);
//设置替换编码
textField.setEchoChar('*');
pack();
setVisible(true); }}
class MyListen implements ActionListener{
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
TextField field = (TextField) e.getSource();
System.out.println(field.getText());
//重置文本框内容
field.setText(""); }}计算器
public class Calc {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Calculator(); }
}
class Calculator extends Frame{
public Calculator(){
TextField textField1 = new TextField(10);
TextField textField2 = new TextField(10);
TextField textField3 = new TextField(20);
Label label = new Label("+");
Button button = new Button("=");
setLayout(new FlowLayout());
add(textField1);
add(label);
add(textField2);
add(button);
add(textField3);
//挂监听，直接监文本内容，文本框就不用挂监听了
button.addActionListener(new myListen2(textField1,textField2,textField3));
pack();
setVisible(true); }}
class myListen2 implements ActionListener{
private TextField num1,num2,num3;
public myListen2(TextField num1,TextField num2,TextField num3) {
this.num1 = num1; this.num2 = num2; this.num3 = num3; }
//必须在自动的这个类里实现，上面的只是接受数据
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText()) ;
int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText()) ;
num3.setText(""+(n1+n2)); }}更加面向对象
public class Calc {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Calculator();
}
}
class Calculator extends Frame{
TextField num1,num2,num3;
public Calculator(){
num1 = new TextField(10);
num2 = new TextField(10);
num3 = new TextField(20);
Label label = new Label("+");
Button button = new Button("=");
setLayout(new FlowLayout());
add(num1);
add(label);
add(num2);
add(button);
add(num3);
//直接把计算器这个类丢进去，this
button.addActionListener(new myListen2(this));
pack();
setVisible(true);
}
}
class myListen2 implements ActionListener{
Calculator cal = null;
public myListen2(Calculator cal) {
this.cal = cal;
}
//必须在自动的这个类里实现，上面的只是接受数据
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
int n1 = Integer.parseInt(cal.num1.getText()) ;
int n2 = Integer.parseInt(cal.num2.getText()) ;
cal.num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
}
}内部类写才是yyds
最大好处，畅通的访问外部类的属性和方法。更好包装，省代码，但不能外用
public class Calc {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Calculator();
}
}
class Calculator extends Frame{
TextField num1,num2,num3;
public Calculator(){
num1 = new TextField(10);
num2 = new TextField(10);
num3 = new TextField(20);
Label label = new Label("+");
Button button = new Button("=");
setLayout(new FlowLayout());
add(num1);
add(label);
add(num2);
add(button);
add(num3);
button.addActionListener(new myListen2());
pack();
setVisible(true);
}
private class myListen2 implements ActionListener{
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText()) ;
int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText()) ;
num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
}
}
}鼠标监听
public class mouseListen {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new myFrame2();
}
}
class myFrame2 extends Frame{
//存鼠标的点
ArrayList points = new ArrayList();
public myFrame2(){
setBounds(200,200,400,400);
this.addMouseListener(new MouseListener());
setVisible(true);
}
@Override
public void paint(Graphics g) {
Iterator it = points.iterator();
while(it.hasNext()){
Point point = (Point) it.next();
g.setColor(Color.blue);
g.fillOval(point.x,point.y,10,10);
}
}
private class MouseListener extends MouseAdapter{
@Override
public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {
//e 是object类，转换为frame类
//Frame myframe = (Frame) e.getSource();
//自带点的位置的类
points.add(new Point(e.getX(),e.getY()));
repaint();
//new Point(e.getX(),e.getY());
}
}窗口监听
内部类变为匿名内部类
内部类
public class windowListen {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new myWindow();
}
}
class myWindow extends Frame {
public myWindow() {
setBounds(100,100,200,200);
setBackground(Color.cyan);
setVisible(true);
addWindowListener(new myWindowListen());
}
private class myWindowListen extends WindowAdapter {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
setVisible(false);
System.exit(0);
}
}
}匿名内部类
public class windowListen {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new myWindow();
}
}
class myWindow extends Frame {
public myWindow() {
setBounds(100,100,200,200);
setBackground(Color.cyan);
setVisible(true);
// addWindowListener(new myWindowListen());
this.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
setVisible(false);
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}键盘监听
监听用匿名内部类，省事，省代码
public class keyListen {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// int i=1111;
// System.out.println( Integer.toString(i,16));
new myKeyListener();
}
}
class myKeyListener extends Frame {
public myKeyListener() {
setBounds(100,300,400,400);
setBackground(Color.cyan);
setVisible(true);
this.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
@Override
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
if(0x26==e.getKeyCode()){
System.out.println("冷月葬花魂");
}
else{
System.out.println("今夕何夕");
}
}
});
}
}Swing
JLable 标签
public class JFrame02 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MyFrame().init();
}
}
class MyFrame extends JFrame{
public void init(){
this.setBounds(100,100,200,400);
this.setVisible(true);
JLabel label = new JLabel("白也诗无敌",SwingConstants.CENTER);
this.add(label);
//获得一个容器
Container con = this.getContentPane();
con.setBackground(Color.YELLOW);
//关闭事件
setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
}标签+图片
URL url = imageDemo.class.getResource(“1630545325593.jpg”);
获得当前class中的图片
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;
public class imageDemo extends JFrame{
public imageDemo() {
JLabel label = new JLabel();
//读图片
URL url = imageDemo.class.getResource("1630545325593.jpg");
ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(url);
label.setIcon(imageIcon);
label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
Container contentPane = getContentPane();
contentPane.add(label);
setVisible(true);
setBounds(100,100,200,200);
setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new imageDemo();
}
}弹窗
- 关于Swing 必需要有容器 //JFrame 放东西，容器
Container contentPane = this.getContentPane(); - 绝度布局
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
public class diaLog extends JFrame {
public diaLog() {
this.setVisible(true);
this.setBounds(100,100,200,200);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
//JFrame 放东西，容器
Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
// 绝度布局
// contentPane.setLayout(null);
JButton button = new JButton("点击弹出一个对话框");
button.setBounds(100,100,50,50);
button.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {//监听器
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
new myDialog();
}
});
contentPane.add(button);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new diaLog();
}
}
class myDialog extends JDialog{
public myDialog() {
this.setVisible(true);
this.setBounds(200,200,200,200);
Container contentPane1 = this.getContentPane();
// contentPane1.setLayout(null);
contentPane1.add(new JLabel("不知日月"));
}
}按钮
图片按钮
public class jButton extends JFrame {
public jButton() {
Container contentPane = getContentPane();
//获得图片且变为图标
URL resource = jButton.class.getResource("1630545325593.jpg");
ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(resource);
//将图片加到按钮上
JButton jButton = new JButton();
jButton.setIcon(imageIcon);
contentPane.add(jButton);
setVisible(true);
setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
setSize(200,200);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new jButton();
}
}多选框按钮
JCheckBox jCheckBox2 = new JCheckBox(“BBB”);
public class JButtonDemo extends JFrame {
public JButtonDemo() {
Container contentPane = getContentPane();
//
JCheckBox jCheckBox1 = new JCheckBox("AAA");
JCheckBox jCheckBox2 = new JCheckBox("BBB");
contentPane.add(jCheckBox1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
contentPane.add(jCheckBox2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
setVisible(true);
setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
setSize(100,100);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JButtonDemo();
}
}列表与下拉列表
public class ComboboxDemo01 extends JFrame {
public ComboboxDemo01() {
Container contentPane = getContentPane();
JComboBox jComboBox = new JComboBox();
jComboBox.addItem("元迎叹惜");
jComboBox.addItem("妙黛");
jComboBox.addItem("王熙凤");
contentPane.add(jComboBox);
this.setVisible(true);
setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
setSize(200,200);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new ComboboxDemo01();
}
}
public class ComboboxDemo02 extends JFrame {
public ComboboxDemo02() {
Container contentPane = getContentPane();
Vector objects = new Vector();
JList jList = new JList(objects);
objects.add("liBai");
objects.add("duFu");
contentPane.add(jList);
this.setVisible(true);
setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
setSize(200,200);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new ComboboxDemo02();
}
}文本框
密码文本框与此差不多
password罢了
public class TextDemo extends JFrame {
public TextDemo() {
Container contentPane = getContentPane();
JTextField jTextField = new JTextField("12345");
contentPane.add(jTextField);面板
public TextDemo() {
Container contentPane = getContentPane();
//文本域
JTextArea jTextArea = new JTextArea(20,50);
jTextArea.setText("123445");
//Scroll面板可以滚动
JScrollPane jScrollPane = new JScrollPane(jTextArea);
contentPane.add(jScrollPane);
this.setVisible(true);
setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
setSize(200,200);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new TextDemo();
}
}
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