创建项目之后,我们需要对项目进行最基础的配置。这些配置是我们做项目的时候必须要配置的,所以我们先提前配置好。
我们打开myblog目录下的settings.py文件。
一、设置域名访问权限
myblog/settings.py
ALLOWED_HOSTS = [] #修改前
ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*'] #修改后,表示任何域名都能访问。如果指定域名的话,在''里放入指定的域名即可
二、设置TEMPLATES里的'DIRS',添加模板目录templates的路径,后面我们做网站模板的时候用得着。
myblog/settings.py
#修改前
'DIRS': []
#修改后
'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')]
注:使用pycharm创建的话会自动添加
三、找到DATABASES设置网站数据库类型。这里我们使用默认的sqlite3。如果需要使用Mysql请查看文章:Django如何使用Mysql数据库,其它数据库请查看官方文档。官方文档,后期上线部署的话,也可以进行数据库与数据库之间的数据转换。具体可查看:如何把SQLite数据库转换为Mysql数据库
四、在INSTALLED_APPS添加APP应用名称。
myblog/settings.py
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.admin',
....
'blog.apps.BlogConfig',#注册APP应用
]
#使用pycharm创建的话,这里自动添加了,如果是终端命令创建的话,需要手动添加应用名称如'blog',
五、修改项目语言和时区
myblog/settings.py
#修改前为英文
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'
#修改后
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-hans' #语言修改为中文
#时区,修改前
TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'
#修改后
TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai' #
六、在项目根目录里创建static和media,两个目录。static用来存放模板CSS、JS、图片等静态资源,media用来存放上传的文件,后面我们在讲解数据库创建的时候有说明。
settings里找到STATIC_URL,然后在后面一行加上如下代码。
myblog/settings.py
#设置静态文件目录和名称
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
#加入下面代码
#这个是设置静态文件夹目录的路径
STATICFILES_DIRS = (
os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static'),
)
#设置文件上传路径,图片上传、文件上传都会存放在此目录里
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media')
settings.py 全部代码
"""
Django settings for myblog project.
Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 4.2.1.
For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/topics/settings/
For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/ref/settings/
"""
import os
from pathlib import Path
# Build paths inside the project like this: BASE_DIR / 'subdir'.
BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent
# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/howto/deployment/checklist/
# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = 'django-insecure-p0mhqvr@v=m-_+gcmvq4rvw%dw8po3q9t8tzgbrd@mh96w0sgl'
# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True
ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*'] #2023
# Application definition
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
# 'blog.apps.BlogConfig',#注册APP应用
'myblog',
]
MIDDLEWARE = [
'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]
ROOT_URLCONF = 'myblog.urls'
TEMPLATES = [
{
'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')],
'APP_DIRS': True,
'OPTIONS': {
'context_processors': [
'django.template.context_processors.debug',
'django.template.context_processors.request',
'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
],
},
},
]
WSGI_APPLICATION = 'myblog.wsgi.application'
# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/ref/settings/#databases
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
'NAME': BASE_DIR / 'db.sqlite3',
}
}
# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators
AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
},
]
# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/topics/i18n/
# LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-hans'
# TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'
TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shagnghai'
USE_I18N = True
USE_TZ = True
# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/howto/static-files/
STATIC_URL = 'static/'
#这个是设置静态文件夹目录的路径
STATICFILES_DIRS = (
os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static'),
)
#设置文件上传路径,图片上传、文件上传都会存放在此目录里
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media')
# Default primary key field type
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/ref/settings/#default-auto-field
DEFAULT_AUTO_FIELD = 'django.db.models.BigAutoField'
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