实际开发中很多时候都需要导出Excle模板文件,而且是根据不同的需求需要导出不同的模板,在这里简单记录一下使用java实现普通的动态Excle模板导出功能。

1.添加maven依赖:

<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
			<artifactId>poi</artifactId>
			<version>3.8</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
			<artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
			<version>3.8</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
			<artifactId>poi-ooxml-schemas</artifactId>
			<version>3.8</version>
		</dependency>

 2.编写导出工具类--ExcelTool

import com.mes.material.domain.MaterialDictData;
import com.mes.material.excelTool.vo.Column;
import com.mes.material.excelTool.vo.MergedResult;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.*;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.*;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddress;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddressList;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.RegionUtil;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;

import java.io.*;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.text.NumberFormat;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.*;

/**
 * excel处理工具
 * 概念-> 表头数据:报表的表头
 * 行内数据:表头以下的数据
 * 功能:动态生成单级,多级Excel表头
 * 备注:tree型结构数据的root节点的id必须为零(0)
 * Created by wtj on 2018/3/2.
 * 修改:
 * 2019/03/18 修复生成跨列的bug
 * 2019/03/20 修复集合存在root的时候,生成不了动态表头
 *
 * @param <T>
 */
public class ExcelTool<T> {

    private HSSFWorkbook workbook;//excel 对象
    private String title; //表格标题
    private int colWidth = 20; //单元格宽度
    private int rowHeight = 20;//单元格行高度
    private HSSFCellStyle styleHead; //表头样式
    private HSSFCellStyle styleBody; //主体样式
    private SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"); //日期格式化,默认yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss

    /**
     * 无参数 初始化 对象
     */
    public ExcelTool() {
        this.title = "sheet1";
        this.workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
        init(0);
    }

    /**
     * 有参数 初始化 对象
     *
     * @param title
     * @param colWidth
     * @param rowHeight
     * @param dateFormat
     */
    public ExcelTool(String title, int colWidth, int rowHeight, String dateFormat) {
        this.colWidth = colWidth;
        this.rowHeight = rowHeight;
        this.title = title;
        this.workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
        this.sdf = new SimpleDateFormat(dateFormat);
        init(0);
    }

    public ExcelTool(String title, int colWidth, int rowHeight) {
        this.colWidth = colWidth;
        this.rowHeight = rowHeight;
        this.title = title;
        this.workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
        init(0);
    }

    public ExcelTool(String title, int colWidth, int rowHeight, int flag) {
        this.colWidth = colWidth;
        this.rowHeight = rowHeight;
        this.title = title;
        this.workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
        init(flag);
    }

    public ExcelTool(String title) {
        this.title = title;
        this.workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
        init(0);
    }

    /**
     * ExcelTool 属性 get、set 方法 开始
     */
    public int getColWidth() {
        return colWidth;
    }

    public void setColWidth(int colWidth) {
        this.colWidth = colWidth;
    }

    public int getRowHeight() {
        return rowHeight;
    }

    public void setRowHeight(int rowHeight) {
        this.rowHeight = rowHeight;
    }

    public HSSFWorkbook getWorkbook() {
        return this.workbook;
    }

    public void setWorkbook(HSSFWorkbook workbook) {
        this.workbook = workbook;
    }

    public String getTitle() {
        return title;
    }

    public void setTitle(String title) {
        this.title = title;
    }


    public HSSFCellStyle getStyleHead() {
        return styleHead;
    }


    public void setStyleHead(HSSFCellStyle styleHead) {
        this.styleHead = styleHead;
    }


    public HSSFCellStyle getStyleBody() {
        return styleBody;
    }


    public void setStyleBody(HSSFCellStyle styleBody) {
        this.styleBody = styleBody;
    }

    /**
     * ExcelTool 属性 get、set 方法 结束
     */
    //内部统一调用的样式初始化
    private void init(int styleFlag) {
        this.styleHead = this.workbook.createCellStyle();
        this.styleHead.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER);// 左右居中
        this.styleHead.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER);// 上下居中
        this.styleHead.setRightBorderColor(IndexedColors.BLACK.getIndex());
        this.styleHead.setBottomBorderColor(IndexedColors.BLACK.getIndex());
        //设置自动换行
        this.styleHead.setWrapText(true);
        switch (styleFlag) {
            case 1:
                this.styleBody = this.workbook.createCellStyle();
                this.styleBody.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER);// 左右居中ALIGN_CENTER
                this.styleBody.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER);// 上下居中
                this.styleBody.setRightBorderColor(IndexedColors.BLACK.getIndex());
                this.styleBody.setBottomBorderColor(IndexedColors.BLACK.getIndex());
                this.styleBody.setBorderRight(BorderStyle.THIN);// 边框的大小
                this.styleBody.setBorderBottom(BorderStyle.THIN);// 边框的大小
                break;
            default:
                this.styleBody = this.workbook.createCellStyle();
                this.styleBody.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER);// 左右居中ALIGN_CENTER
                this.styleBody.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER);// 上下居中
                this.styleBody.setRightBorderColor(IndexedColors.BLACK.getIndex());
                this.styleBody.setBottomBorderColor(IndexedColors.BLACK.getIndex());
                this.styleBody.setBorderRight(BorderStyle.THIN);// 边框的大小
                this.styleBody.setBorderBottom(BorderStyle.THIN);// 边框的大小
                break;
        }
    }

    /**
     * 导出表格 无返回
     *
     * @param listTpamscolumn 表头数据
     * @param datas           行内数据
     * @param FilePath        保存路径
     * @param flag
     * @param rowFlag
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public void exportExcel(List<Column> listTpamscolumn, List<T> datas, String FilePath, boolean flag, boolean rowFlag) throws Exception {
        splitDataToSheets(datas, listTpamscolumn, flag, rowFlag);
        save(this.workbook, FilePath);
    }

    /**
     * @return java.io.InputStream
     * @Author: best_liu
     * @Description: 导出excel带sheet说明
     * @Date: 16:30 2022/3/15
     * @Param [listExplain, explainDatas, listTpamscolumn, datas, flag, rowFlag]
     **/
    public void exportExcel(Boolean hidden, List<Column> listExplain, List<T> explainDatas, List<Column> listTpamscolumn, List<T> datas, String FilePath, boolean flag, boolean rowFlag) throws Exception {
        List<MaterialDictData> dataList = new ArrayList<>();
        exportTwoSheets(hidden, listExplain, explainDatas, datas, listTpamscolumn,dataList, flag, rowFlag);
        save(this.workbook, FilePath);
    }

    /**
     * 返回workbook
     *
     * @param listTpamscolumn 表头数据
     * @param datas           行内数据
     * @param flag            是否写入行内数据
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public HSSFWorkbook exportWorkbook(List<Column> listTpamscolumn, List<T> datas, boolean flag) throws Exception {
        splitDataToSheets(datas, listTpamscolumn, flag, false);
        return this.workbook;
    }

    /**
     * 导出表格 有返回值
     *
     * @param listTpamscolumn 表头数据
     * @param datas           行内数据
     * @param flag            只输出表头数据
     * @param rowFlag
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public InputStream exportExcel(List<Column> listTpamscolumn, List<T> datas, boolean flag, boolean rowFlag) throws Exception {
        splitDataToSheets(datas, listTpamscolumn, flag, rowFlag);
        return save(this.workbook);
    }

    /**
     * @return java.io.InputStream
     * @Author: best_liu
     * @Description: 导出excel带sheet说明
     * @Date: 16:30 2022/3/15
     * @Param [listExplain, explainDatas, listTpamscolumn, datas, flag, rowFlag]
     **/
    public InputStream exportExcel(Boolean hidden, List<Column> listExplain, List<T> explainDatas, List<Column> listTpamscolumn, List<T> datas, boolean flag, boolean rowFlag) throws Exception {
        List<MaterialDictData> dataList = new ArrayList<>();
        exportTwoSheets(hidden, listExplain, explainDatas, datas, listTpamscolumn,dataList, flag, rowFlag);
        return save(this.workbook);
    }


    public InputStream exportExcelSelect(Boolean hidden, List<Column> listExplain, List<T> explainDatas, List<Column> listTpamscolumn, List<T> datas, List<MaterialDictData> dataList, boolean flag, boolean rowFlag) throws Exception {
        exportTwoSheets(hidden, listExplain, explainDatas, datas, listTpamscolumn,dataList, flag, rowFlag);
        return save(this.workbook);
    }

    /**
     * 导出Excel,适用于web导出excel
     *
     * @param sheet           excel
     * @param data            行内数据
     * @param listTpamscolumn 表头数据
     * @param flag            只输出表头数据
     * @param rowFlag         输出展示数据的结构(表头下面行的数据)
     * @throws Exception
     */
    private void writeSheet(Boolean isColor, HSSFSheet sheet, List<T> data, List<Column> listTpamscolumn, boolean flag, boolean rowFlag) throws Exception {
        sheet.setDefaultColumnWidth(colWidth);
        sheet.setDefaultRowHeightInPoints(rowHeight);
        sheet = createHead(sheet, listTpamscolumn.get(0).getTotalRow(), listTpamscolumn.get(0).getTotalCol());
        createHead(isColor, listTpamscolumn, sheet, 0);
        if (flag)//控制是否 bug修复:每次写入行数据时,总是漏第一个条数据 rowIndex 错误
        {
            writeSheetContent(listTpamscolumn, data, sheet, listTpamscolumn.get(0).getTotalRow() + 1, rowFlag);
        }
    }

    private void writeSheetSelect(Boolean isColor, HSSFSheet sheet, List<T> data, List<Column> listTpamscolumn,List<MaterialDictData> dataList, boolean flag, boolean rowFlag) throws Exception {
        sheet.setDefaultColumnWidth(colWidth);
        sheet.setDefaultRowHeightInPoints(rowHeight);
        sheet = createHead(sheet, listTpamscolumn.get(0).getTotalRow(), listTpamscolumn.get(0).getTotalCol());
        createHead(isColor, listTpamscolumn, sheet,dataList, 0);
        if (flag)//控制是否 bug修复:每次写入行数据时,总是漏第一个条数据 rowIndex 错误
        {
            writeSheetContent(listTpamscolumn, data, sheet, listTpamscolumn.get(0).getTotalRow() + 1, rowFlag);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 拆分sheet,因为每个sheet不能超过65535,否则会报异常
     *
     * @param data            行内数据
     * @param listTpamscolumn 表头数据
     * @param flag            只输出表头数据
     * @param rowFlag         输出展示数据的结构(表头下面行的数据)
     * @throws Exception
     */
    private void splitDataToSheets(List<T> data, List<Column> listTpamscolumn, boolean flag, boolean rowFlag) throws Exception {
        int dataCount = data.size();
        int maxColumn = 65535;
        int pieces = dataCount / maxColumn;
        for (int i = 1; i <= pieces; i++) {
            HSSFSheet sheet = this.workbook.createSheet(this.title + i);
            List<T> subList = data.subList((i - 1) * maxColumn, i * maxColumn);
            writeSheet(false, sheet, subList, listTpamscolumn, flag, rowFlag);
        }
        HSSFSheet sheet = this.workbook.createSheet(this.title + (pieces + 1));
        writeSheet(false, sheet, data.subList(pieces * maxColumn, dataCount), listTpamscolumn, flag, rowFlag);
    }

    /**
     * 多个sheet,因为每个sheet不能超过65535,否则会报异常
     *
     * @param data            行内数据
     * @param listTpamscolumn 表头数据
     * @param flag            只输出表头数据
     * @param rowFlag         输出展示数据的结构(表头下面行的数据)
     * @throws Exception
     */
    private void exportTwoSheets(Boolean hidden, List<Column> listExplain, List<T> explainDatas, List<T> data, List<Column> listTpamscolumn,List<MaterialDictData> dataList, boolean flag, boolean rowFlag) throws Exception {
        HSSFSheet sheet1 = this.workbook.createSheet("说明");
        //合并单元格
        CellRangeAddress region = new CellRangeAddress(0, // first row
                4, // last row
                1, // first column
                8 // last column
        );
        sheet1.addMergedRegion(region);
        // 使用RegionUtil类为合并后的单元格添加边框
        RegionUtil.setBorderBottom(BorderStyle.THIN, region, sheet1); // 下边框
        RegionUtil.setBorderLeft(BorderStyle.THIN, region, sheet1); // 左边框
        RegionUtil.setBorderRight(BorderStyle.THIN, region, sheet1); // 有边框

        sheet1.setColumnHidden(0, true);//第1列将被隐藏
        //isColor用于标识是否是说明页,true表示是说明页,false表示不是说明页
        writeSheet(true, sheet1, explainDatas, listExplain, flag, rowFlag);
        HSSFSheet sheet2 = this.workbook.createSheet(this.title);
        if (hidden) {
            //设置最后一列下拉列表----start
            String[] datas = new String[]{"是", "否"};
            HSSFDataValidationHelper dvHelper = new HSSFDataValidationHelper(sheet2);
            DataValidationConstraint dvConstraint = (DataValidationConstraint) dvHelper.createExplicitListConstraint(datas);
            CellRangeAddressList addressList = new CellRangeAddressList(3, 2000, listTpamscolumn.size() - 1, listTpamscolumn.size() - 1);
            HSSFDataValidation validation = (HSSFDataValidation) dvHelper.createValidation(dvConstraint, addressList);
            sheet2.addValidationData(validation);
            //设置最后一列下拉列表----end
            sheet2.setColumnHidden(0, true);//第1列将被隐藏
        }
        //isColor用于标识是否是说明页,true表示是说明页,false表示不是说明页
        writeSheetSelect(false, sheet2, data, listTpamscolumn,dataList, flag, rowFlag);
        cellSetWidth(sheet2);
    }

    /**
     * @return void
     * @Author: best_liu
     * @Description: POI Excel导出自适应列宽
     * @Date: 9:26 2022/4/14
     * @Param [sheet]
     **/
    public static void cellSetWidth(Sheet sheet) {
        Row row = sheet.getRow(0);
        // 每列
        short lastCellNum = row.getLastCellNum();
        for (int j = 0; j < lastCellNum; j++) {
            sheet.autoSizeColumn(j);
            sheet.setColumnWidth(j, sheet.getColumnWidth(j) * 17 / 10);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 把数据写入到单元格
     *
     * @param listTpamscolumn 表头数据
     * @param datas           行内数据
     * @param sheet           工作表(excel分页)
     * @throws Exception void
     */
    private void writeSheetContent(List<Column> listTpamscolumn, List<T> datas, HSSFSheet sheet, int rowIndex, boolean rowFlag) throws Exception {
        HSSFRow row = null;
        List<Column> listCol = new ArrayList<>();
        rowFlag = false;
        if (rowFlag) {//暂时没有用 后面扩展用
            for (int i = 0, index = rowIndex; i < datas.size(); i++, index++) {
                row = sheet.createRow(index);//创建行
                for (int j = 0; j < listTpamscolumn.size(); j++) {
                    createColl(row, j, listTpamscolumn.get(j).getFieldName(), datas.get(i));
                }
            }
        } else {
            getColumnList(listTpamscolumn, listCol);
            for (int i = 0, index = rowIndex; i < datas.size(); i++, index++) {
                row = sheet.createRow(index);//创建行
                for (int j = 0; j < listCol.size(); j++) {
                    Column c = listCol.get(j);
                    createCol(row, c, datas.get(i));
                }
                //隐藏第三行
                if (index == 2) {
                    row.setZeroHeight(true);
                }

            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 根据list 来创建单元格 暂时没有用
     *
     * @param row
     * @param j
     * @param finame
     * @param t
     */
    private void createColl(HSSFRow row, int j, String finame, T t) {
        HSSFCell cell = row.createCell(j);  //创建单元格
        cell.setCellStyle(this.styleBody); //设置单元格样式
        String text = "";
        if (t instanceof List) {
            List<Map> temp = (List<Map>) t;
            if (j >= temp.size()) {
                return;
            }
            text = String.valueOf(temp.get(j).get(finame) == null ? "" : temp.get(j).get(finame));
        }
        HSSFRichTextString richString = new HSSFRichTextString(text);
        cell.setCellValue(richString);
    }

    /**
     * 把column的columnList整理成一个list<column> 过滤表头的脏数据
     *
     * @param list    表头数据
     * @param listCol 返回新的list
     * @return List<column>
     */
    private void getColumnList(List<Column> list, List<Column> listCol) {
        for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
            if (list.get(i).getFieldName() != null) {
                listCol.add(list.get(i));
            }
            List<Column> listChilren = list.get(i).getListTpamscolumn();
            if (listChilren.size() > 0) {
                getColumnList(listChilren, listCol);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 保存Excel到InputStream,此方法适合web导出excel
     *
     * @param workbook
     * @return
     */
    private InputStream save(HSSFWorkbook workbook) {
        ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        try {
            workbook.write(bos);
            InputStream bis = new ByteArrayInputStream(bos.toByteArray());
            return bis;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 保存excel到本机指定的路径
     *
     * @param workbook
     * @param filePath
     * @throws IOException
     */
    private void save(HSSFWorkbook workbook, String filePath) {
        File file = new File(filePath);
        if (!file.getParentFile().exists()) {
            file.getParentFile().mkdirs();
        }
        FileOutputStream fOut = null;
        try {
            fOut = new FileOutputStream(file);
            workbook.write(fOut);
            fOut.flush();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        try {
            if (null != fOut) {
                fOut.close();
            }
        } catch (Exception e1) {
        }
    }

    /**
     * 创建行
     *
     * @param row         Excel对应的行
     * @param tpamscolumn 当前单元格属性
     * @param v
     * @param j
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public int createRowVal(HSSFRow row, Column tpamscolumn, T v, int j) throws Exception {
        //遍历标题
        if (tpamscolumn.getListTpamscolumn() != null && tpamscolumn.getListTpamscolumn().size() > 0) {
            for (int i = 0; i < tpamscolumn.getListTpamscolumn().size(); i++) {
                createRowVal(row, tpamscolumn.getListTpamscolumn().get(i), v, j);
            }
        } else {
            createCol(row, tpamscolumn, v);
        }
        return j;

    }

    /**
     * 创建单元格
     *
     * @param row         Excel对应的行
     * @param tpamscolumn 当前单元格对象
     * @param v
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public void createCol(HSSFRow row, Column tpamscolumn, T v) throws Exception {
        HSSFCell cell = row.createCell(tpamscolumn.getCol());  //创建单元格
        cell.setCellStyle(this.styleBody); //设置单元格样式
        final Object[] value = {null};
        if (v instanceof Map) {
            Map m = (Map) v;
            m.forEach((k, val) -> {
                if (k.equals(tpamscolumn.getFieldName()) && !tpamscolumn.isHasChilren()) {
                    value[0] = val;
                }
            });
        } else {
            Class<?> cls = v.getClass();// 拿到该类
            Field[] fields = cls.getDeclaredFields();// 获取实体类的所有属性,返回Field数组
            for (int i = 0; i < fields.length; i++) {
                Field f = fields[i];
                f.setAccessible(true); // 设置些属性是可以访问的
                if (tpamscolumn.getFieldName().equals(f.getName()) && !tpamscolumn.isHasChilren())// && !tpamscolumn.isHasChilren()
                {
                    value[0] = f.get(v);
                }
                if (value[0] instanceof Date) {
                    value[0] = parseDate((Date) value[0]);
                }
            }
        }
        if (value[0] != null) {
            HSSFRichTextString richString = new HSSFRichTextString(value[0].toString());
            cell.setCellValue(richString);
        }

    }

    /**
     * 时间转换
     *
     * @param date
     * @return String
     */
    private String parseDate(Date date) {
        String dateStr = "";
        try {
            dateStr = this.sdf.format(date);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return dateStr;
    }


    /**
     * 根据数据的行数和列数,在excel创建单元格cell
     *
     * @param sheetCo excel分页
     * @param r       excel 行数
     * @param c       excel 列数
     * @return
     */
    public HSSFSheet createHead(HSSFSheet sheetCo, int r, int c) {
        for (int i = 0; i < r; i++) {
            HSSFRow row = sheetCo.createRow(i);
            for (int j = 0; j < c; j++) {
                HSSFCell cell = row.createCell(j);
            }
        }
        return sheetCo;
    }


    /**
     * 判断指定的单元格是否是合并单元格----刘兴杰
     *
     * @param sheet
     * @param row    行下标
     * @param column 列下标
     * @return
     */
    public static MergedResult mergedRegionBoolean(Sheet sheet, int row, int column) {
        MergedResult mergedResult = new MergedResult();
        boolean isMerged = false;//判断是否合并单元格

        mergedResult.setRowIndex(row);//判断的行
        mergedResult.setColumnIndex(column);//判断的列
        //获取sheet中有多少个合并单元格
        int sheetMergeCount = sheet.getNumMergedRegions();
        for (int i = 0; i < sheetMergeCount; i++) {
            // 获取合并后的单元格
            CellRangeAddress range = sheet.getMergedRegion(i);
            int firstColumn = range.getFirstColumn();
            int lastColumn = range.getLastColumn();
            int firstRow = range.getFirstRow();
            int lastRow = range.getLastRow();
            if (row >= firstRow && row <= lastRow //判断行
                    && column >= firstColumn && column <= lastColumn) {//判断列
                isMerged = true;
                mergedResult.setFirstRow(firstRow);
                mergedResult.setLastRow(lastRow);
                mergedResult.setFirstColumn(firstColumn);
                mergedResult.setLastColumn(lastColumn);
                mergedResult.setRowMergeNum(lastRow - firstRow + 1);
                mergedResult.setColumnMergeNum(lastColumn - firstColumn + 1);
                break;
            }
        }
        mergedResult.setIsMerged(isMerged);
        return mergedResult;
    }

    /**
     * @return org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CellStyle
     * @Author: best_liu
     * @Description: 返回表头样式
     * @Date: 11:17 2022/5/10
     * @Param [isColor]
     **/
    public CellStyle getStyle(Boolean isColor) {
        if (isColor) {
            return this.styleHead;
        } else {
            CellStyle style = this.workbook.createCellStyle();
            style.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER);// 左右居中
            style.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER);// 上下居中
            style.setRightBorderColor((short) 8);
            style.setBottomBorderColor((short) 8);
            //设置背景颜色
            style.setFillForegroundColor(IndexedColors.GREY_40_PERCENT.getIndex());
            style.setFillPattern(FillPatternType.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
            return style;
        }
    }

    /**
     * 使用递归 在excel写入表头数据 支持单级,多级表头的创建
     *
     * @param listTpamscolumn 表头数据
     * @param sheetCo         哪个分页
     * @param rowIndex        当前Excel的第几行
     */
    public void createHead(Boolean isColor, List<Column> listTpamscolumn, HSSFSheet sheetCo, int rowIndex) {
        HSSFRow row = sheetCo.getRow(rowIndex);
//        if(row == null)row = sheetCo.createRow(rowIndex);
        int len = listTpamscolumn.size();//当前行 有多少列
        for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {//i是headers的索引,n是Excel的索引 多级表头
            Column tpamscolumn = listTpamscolumn.get(i);
            //创建这一行的第几列单元格
            int r = tpamscolumn.getRow();
            int rLen = tpamscolumn.getrLen();
            int c = tpamscolumn.getCol();
            int cLen = tpamscolumn.getcLen();
            int endR = r + rLen;
            int endC = c + cLen;
            if (endC > c) {
                endC--;
            }
            HSSFCell cell = row.getCell(c);
//            if( null == cell)cell = row.createCell(c);

            HSSFRichTextString text = new HSSFRichTextString(tpamscolumn.getContent());
            //说明页设置说明文字字体为红色,加粗
            if (isColor && c == 1) {
                HSSFFont font = workbook.createFont();
                font.setColor(IndexedColors.RED.getIndex()); //红色
                font.setBold(true); //是否加粗
                text.applyFont(font);
            }
            //非说明页设置表头背景颜色
            if (!isColor) {
                cell.setCellStyle(getStyle(isColor)); //设置表头样式
            } else {
                cell.setCellStyle(getStyle(isColor)); //设置表头样式
            }

            cell.setCellValue(text);
            //判断当前单元格是否被合并
            if (!mergedRegionBoolean(sheetCo, r, c).getIsMerged()) {
                // 合并单元格
                CellRangeAddress cra = new CellRangeAddress(r, endR, c, endC);
                sheetCo.addMergedRegion(cra);

                // 使用RegionUtil类为合并后的单元格添加边框
                RegionUtil.setBorderBottom(BorderStyle.THIN, cra, sheetCo); // 下边框
                RegionUtil.setBorderLeft(BorderStyle.THIN, cra, sheetCo); // 左边框
                RegionUtil.setBorderRight(BorderStyle.THIN, cra, sheetCo); // 有边框
            }

            if (tpamscolumn.isHasChilren()) {
                rowIndex = r + 1;
                createHead(isColor, tpamscolumn.getListTpamscolumn(), sheetCo, rowIndex);
            }
        }
    }

    public void createHead(Boolean isColor, List<Column> listTpamscolumn, HSSFSheet sheetCo,List<MaterialDictData> dataList, int rowIndex) {
        HSSFRow row = sheetCo.getRow(rowIndex);
//        if(row == null)row = sheetCo.createRow(rowIndex);
        int len = listTpamscolumn.size();//当前行 有多少列
        int index = 1;
        for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {//i是headers的索引,n是Excel的索引 多级表头
            Column tpamscolumn = listTpamscolumn.get(i);
            //创建这一行的第几列单元格
            int r = tpamscolumn.getRow();
            int rLen = tpamscolumn.getrLen();
            int c = tpamscolumn.getCol();
            int cLen = tpamscolumn.getcLen();
            int endR = r + rLen;
            int endC = c + cLen;
            if (endC > c) {
                endC--;
            }
            HSSFCell cell = row.getCell(c);
//            if( null == cell)cell = row.createCell(c);

            HSSFRichTextString text = new HSSFRichTextString(tpamscolumn.getContent());
            //说明页设置说明文字字体为红色,加粗
            if (isColor && c == 1) {
                HSSFFont font = workbook.createFont();
                font.setColor(IndexedColors.RED.getIndex()); //红色
                font.setBold(true); //是否加粗
                text.applyFont(font);
            }
            //非说明页设置表头背景颜色
            if (!isColor) {
                cell.setCellStyle(getStyle(isColor)); //设置表头样式
            } else {
                cell.setCellStyle(getStyle(isColor)); //设置表头样式
            }

            cell.setCellValue(text);
            //设置下拉列表----start
            MaterialDictData mdd = dataList.get(i);
            //解决EasyPoi导出Excel带下拉框,值超过255报错问题
            if(mdd.getOptions() != null && mdd.getOptions().size()>20){
                ++index;
                List<String> strings = new ArrayList<>();
                mdd.getOptions().forEach(item -> strings.add(item.getDictLabel()));
                String[] datas = strings.stream().toArray(String[]::new);
                selectList("hiddon"+index,index,this.workbook,i,i,datas);
            }else if(mdd.getOptions() != null && mdd.getOptions().size()>0){
                List<String> strings = new ArrayList<>();
                mdd.getOptions().forEach(item -> strings.add(item.getDictLabel()));
                String[] datas = strings.stream().toArray(String[]::new);
                HSSFDataValidationHelper dvHelper = new HSSFDataValidationHelper(sheetCo);
                DataValidationConstraint dvConstraint = (DataValidationConstraint) dvHelper.createExplicitListConstraint(datas);
                CellRangeAddressList addressList =  new CellRangeAddressList(3, 2000, i, i);
                HSSFDataValidation validation  = (HSSFDataValidation) dvHelper.createValidation( dvConstraint, addressList);
                sheetCo.addValidationData(validation);
            }
            //设置最后一列下拉列表----end
            //判断当前单元格是否被合并
            if (!mergedRegionBoolean(sheetCo, r, c).getIsMerged()) {
                // 合并单元格
                CellRangeAddress cra = new CellRangeAddress(r, endR, c, endC);
                sheetCo.addMergedRegion(cra);

                // 使用RegionUtil类为合并后的单元格添加边框
                RegionUtil.setBorderBottom(BorderStyle.THIN, cra, sheetCo); // 下边框
                RegionUtil.setBorderLeft(BorderStyle.THIN, cra, sheetCo); // 左边框
                RegionUtil.setBorderRight(BorderStyle.THIN, cra, sheetCo); // 有边框
            }

            if (tpamscolumn.isHasChilren()) {
                rowIndex = r + 1;
                createHead(isColor, tpamscolumn.getListTpamscolumn(), sheetCo, rowIndex);
            }
        }
    }

    /** @Author: best_liu
     * @Description:解决下拉字符串超过255时报错问题
     * @Date: 17:31 2023/3/7
     * @Param [sheetName, index, workbook, firstCol, lastCol, strings]
     * @return void
     **/
    public void selectList(String sheetName, Integer index, Workbook workbook, int firstCol, int lastCol, String[] strings ){

        //将下拉框数据放到新的sheet里,然后excle通过新的sheet数据加载下拉框数据
        Sheet hidden = workbook.createSheet(sheetName);

        //创建单元格对象
        Cell cell =null;
        //遍历我们上面的数组,将数据取出来放到新sheet的单元格中
        for (int i = 0, length = strings.length; i < length; i++){
            //取出数组中的每个元素
            String name = strings[i];
            //根据i创建相应的行对象(说明我们将会把每个元素单独放一行)
            Row row = hidden.createRow(i);
            //创建每一行中的第一个单元格
            cell = row.createCell(0);
            //然后将数组中的元素赋值给这个单元格
            cell.setCellValue(name);
        }
        // 创建名称,可被其他单元格引用
        Name namedCell = workbook.createName();
        namedCell.setNameName(sheetName);
        // 设置名称引用的公式
        namedCell.setRefersToFormula(sheetName+"!$A$1:$A$" + strings.length);
        //加载数据,将名称为hidden的sheet中的数据转换为List形式
        DVConstraint constraint = DVConstraint.createFormulaListConstraint(sheetName);

        // 设置第一列的3-65534行为下拉列表
        // (3, 65534, 2, 2) ====> (起始行,结束行,起始列,结束列)
        CellRangeAddressList regions = new CellRangeAddressList(0, 65535, firstCol, lastCol);
        // 将设置下拉选的位置和数据的对应关系 绑定到一起
        DataValidation dataValidation = new HSSFDataValidation(regions, constraint);

        //将第二个sheet设置为隐藏
        workbook.setSheetHidden(index, true);
        //将数据赋给下拉列表
        workbook.getSheetAt(1).addValidationData(dataValidation);

    }


    /**
     * 转换成column对象
     * 支持List<T>的数据结构:map String ,只能是单级的数据
     *
     * @param list 需要转换的数据
     * @return
     */
    public List<Column> columnTransformer(List<T> list) {
        List<Column> lc = new ArrayList<>();
        if (list.get(0) instanceof Map) {
            final int[] i = {1};
            for (Map<String, String> m : (List<Map<String, String>>) list) {
                m.forEach((k, val) -> {
                    Column tpamscolumn = new Column();
                    tpamscolumn.setId(String.valueOf(i[0]));
                    tpamscolumn.setPid("0");
                    tpamscolumn.setContent(k);
                    tpamscolumn.setFieldName(val);
                    lc.add(tpamscolumn);
                    i[0]++;
                });
            }
        } else {
            int i = 1;
            for (String s : (List<String>) list) {
                Column tpamscolumn = new Column();
                tpamscolumn.setId(String.valueOf(i));
                tpamscolumn.setPid("0");
                tpamscolumn.setContent(s);
                tpamscolumn.setFieldName(null);
                lc.add(tpamscolumn);
                i++;
            }
        }
        setParm(lc, "0");//处理一下
        List<Column> s = TreeTool.buildByRecursive(lc, "0");
        setColNum(lc, s, s);
        return s;
    }

    /**
     * 转换成column对象 返回tree数据结构
     * 支持:List<map>、某个具体对象(entity)数据的转换
     *
     * @param list     需要转换的数据
     * @param id       当前节点id 字段的名称  主键
     * @param pid      父节点id 字段的名称
     * @param content  填写表头单元格内容的 字段名称
     * @param fielName 填写行内数据对的 字段名称
     * @param rootid   rootid的值
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public List<Column> columnTransformer(List<T> list, String id, String pid, String content, String fielName, String rootid) throws Exception {
        List<Column> lc = new ArrayList<>();
        if (list.get(0) instanceof Map) {
            for (Map m : (List<Map>) list) {
                Column tpamscolumn = new Column();
                m.forEach((k, val) -> {//java8 以上的遍历方式
                    if (id.equals(k)) {
                        tpamscolumn.setId(String.valueOf(val));
                    }
                    if (pid.equals(k)) {
                        tpamscolumn.setPid((String) val);
                    }
                    if (content.equals(k)) {
                        tpamscolumn.setContent((String) val);
                    }
                    if (fielName.equals(k) && fielName != null) {
                        tpamscolumn.setFieldName((String) val);
                    }
                });
                lc.add(tpamscolumn);
            }
        } else {
            for (T t : list) {//反射
                Column tpamscolumn = new Column();
                Class cls = t.getClass();
                Field[] fs = cls.getDeclaredFields();
                for (int i = 0; i < fs.length; i++) {
                    Field f = fs[i];
                    f.setAccessible(true); // 设置些属性是可以访问的
                    if (id.equals(f.getName()) && f.get(t) != null) {
                        tpamscolumn.setId(f.get(t).toString());
                    }
                    if (pid.equals(f.getName()) && f.get(t) != null) {
                        tpamscolumn.setPid(f.get(t).toString());
                    }
//                    if (pid.equals(f.getName()) && ( f.get(t) == null || "".equals(f.get(t)))) tpamscolumn.setPid("0");
                    if (content.equals(f.getName()) && f.get(t) != null) {
                        tpamscolumn.setContent(f.get(t).toString());
                    }
                    if (f.get(t) != null && fielName != null && fielName.equals(f.getName())) {
                        tpamscolumn.setFieldName(f.get(t).toString());
                    }
                }
                lc.add(tpamscolumn);
            }
        }
        setParm(lc, rootid);//处理一下
        List<Column> s = TreeTool.buildByRecursive(lc, rootid);
        setColNum(lc, s, s);
        return s;
    }

    /**
     * 设置基础的参数
     *
     * @param list
     */
    public static void setParm(List<Column> list, String rootid) {
        int row = 0;//excel第几行
        int rLen = 0; //excel 跨多少行
        int totalRow = TreeTool.getMaxStep(list);
        int totalCol = TreeTool.getDownChilren(list, rootid);
        for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
            Column poit = list.get(i);
            int tree_step = TreeTool.getTreeStep(list, poit.getPid(), 0);//往上遍历tree
            poit.setTree_step(tree_step);
            poit.setRow(tree_step);//设置第几行
            //判断是否有节点
            boolean hasCh = TreeTool.hasChild(list, poit);
            poit.setHasChilren(hasCh);
            if (hasCh) {
                poit.setrLen(0);//设置跨多少行
            } else {
                if (tree_step < totalRow) {
                    rLen = totalRow - tree_step;
                }
                poit.setrLen(rLen);
            }
//            boolean flag=false;//控制只有root 节点才有总的行数信息
//            if(rootid == null && rootid == poit.getId() )flag = true;
//            if(rootid != null && rootid.equals(poit.getId()))flag = true;
//            if(flag){
//
//            }
            poit.setTotalRow(totalRow);
            poit.setTotalCol(totalCol);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 设置基础的参数
     *
     * @param list     所有list数据,一条一条
     * @param treeList 转成tree结构的list
     */
    public static void setColNum(List<Column> list, List<Column> treeList, List<Column> flist) {
//        int col = pcIndex;//excel第几列
//        int cLen ;//xcel跨多少列
        List<Column> new_list = new ArrayList<>();//新的遍历list
        for (int i = 0; i < treeList.size(); i++) {
            Column poit = treeList.get(i);
//            String temp_id = TreeTool.getStepFid(list,poit.getId() ,1);
            int col = TreeTool.getFCol(list, poit.getPid()).getCol();
            int brotherCol = TreeTool.getBrotherChilNum(list, poit);
            poit.setCol(col + brotherCol);
            int cLen = TreeTool.getDownChilren(list, poit.getId());
            if (cLen <= 1) {
                cLen = 0;
            }
//            else  cLen--;
            poit.setcLen(cLen);//设置跨多少列
            if (poit.getListTpamscolumn().size() > 0) {
                new_list.addAll(poit.getListTpamscolumn());
            }
        }
        if (new_list.size() > 0) {
            setColNum(list, new_list, flist);
        }
    }
//========上部分是导出excel的使用(生成excel),下部分是解析excel,由于excel导入==================================================================================================================================

    /**
     * 根据HSSFCell类型设置数据
     *
     * @param cell 单元格
     * @return
     */
    public static String getCellFormatValue(Cell cell) {
        String cellvalue = "";
        if (cell != null) {
            switch (cell.getCellType().getCode()) { // 判断当前Cell的Type

                case 0:  // 如果当前Cell的Type为NUMERIC
                case 2: {
                    // 判断当前的cell是否为Date
                    if (HSSFDateUtil.isCellDateFormatted(cell)) {
                        Date date = cell.getDateCellValue();
                        SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
                        cellvalue = sdf.format(date);
                    } else { // 如果是纯数字
                        cellvalue = String.valueOf(cell.getNumericCellValue());
                    }
                    break;
                }
                case 1:  // 如果当前Cell的Type为STRIN
                    // 取得当前的Cell字符串
                    cellvalue = cell.getRichStringCellValue().getString();
                    break;
                default:  // 默认的Cell值
                    cellvalue = "";
            }
        } else {
            cellvalue = "";
        }
        return cellvalue;
    }

    /**
     * 描述:根据文件后缀,自适应上传文件的版本
     *
     * @param inStr,fileName
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static Workbook getWorkbookType(InputStream inStr, String fileName) throws Exception {
        Workbook wb = null;
        String fileType = fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf("."));
        if (".xls".equals(fileType)) {
            wb = new HSSFWorkbook(inStr);  //2003-
        } else if (".xlsx".equals(fileType)) {
            wb = new XSSFWorkbook(inStr);  //2007+
        } else {
            throw new Exception("导入格式错误");
        }
        return wb;
    }

    /**
     * 获取单元格数据内容为字符串类型的数据
     *
     * @param cell Excel单元格
     * @return String 单元格数据内容
     */
    public static String getStringCellValue(Cell cell) {
        String strCell = "";
        if (cell == null) {
            return "";
        }
        switch (cell.getCellType().getCode()) {
            case 1:// 如果当前Cell的Type为STRIN
                strCell = cell.getStringCellValue().trim();
                break;
            case 0:// 如果当前Cell的Type为NUMERIC
                if (HSSFDateUtil.isCellDateFormatted(cell)) {//导入为日期时
                    //格式化日期
                    Date date = cell.getDateCellValue();
                    SimpleDateFormat sf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy/MM/dd");//时间格式话
                    strCell = sf.format(date);
                } else {
//                strCell = String.valueOf(cell.getNumericCellValue()).trim();
                    //在导入Excel时,长数字变成了科学计数法,以下方法防止变成科学计数
                    NumberFormat nf = NumberFormat.getInstance();
                    strCell = nf.format(cell.getNumericCellValue());//该方法获得的数字会变成每3位数字加一个逗号,这里还需要将逗号去掉
                    if (strCell.indexOf(",") >= 0) {
                        strCell = strCell.replace(",", "");
                    }
                }
                break;
            case 4:
                strCell = String.valueOf(cell.getBooleanCellValue()).trim();
                break;
            case 3:
                strCell = "";
                break;
            default:
                strCell = "";
                break;
        }
        if (strCell.equals("") || strCell == null) {
            return "";
        }
        return strCell;
    }

    /**
     * 判断指定的单元格是否是合并单元格
     *
     * @param sheet
     * @param row    行下标
     * @param column 列下标
     * @return
     */
    public boolean isMergedRegion(Sheet sheet, int row, int column) {
        int sheetMergeCount = sheet.getNumMergedRegions();
        for (int i = 0; i < sheetMergeCount; i++) {
            CellRangeAddress range = sheet.getMergedRegion(i);
            int firstColumn = range.getFirstColumn();
            int lastColumn = range.getLastColumn();
            int firstRow = range.getFirstRow();
            int lastRow = range.getLastRow();
            if (row >= firstRow && row <= lastRow) {
                if (column >= firstColumn && column <= lastColumn) {
                    return true;
                }
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * 获取合并单元格的值
     *
     * @param sheet
     * @param row    行下标
     * @param column 列下标
     * @return
     */
    public String getMergedRegionValue(Sheet sheet, int row, int column) {
        int sheetMergeCount = sheet.getNumMergedRegions();

        for (int i = 0; i < sheetMergeCount; i++) {
            CellRangeAddress ca = sheet.getMergedRegion(i);
            int firstColumn = ca.getFirstColumn();
            int lastColumn = ca.getLastColumn();
            int firstRow = ca.getFirstRow();
            int lastRow = ca.getLastRow();
            if (row >= firstRow && row <= lastRow) {
                if (column >= firstColumn && column <= lastColumn) {
                    Row fRow = sheet.getRow(firstRow);
                    Cell fCell = fRow.getCell(firstColumn);
                    return getStringCellValue(fCell);
                }
            }
        }
        return "";
    }

    /**
     * 获取excel的值 返回的 List<List<String>>的数据结构
     *
     * @param fileUrl  文件路径
     * @param sheetNum 工作表(第几分页[1,2,3.....])
     * @return List<List < String>>
     */
    public List<List<String>> getExcelValues(String fileUrl, int sheetNum) throws Exception {
        List<List<String>> values = new ArrayList<List<String>>();
        File file = new File(fileUrl);
        InputStream is = new FileInputStream(file);
        Workbook workbook = WorkbookFactory.create(is);
        int sheetCount = sheetNum - 1; //workbook.getNumberOfSheets();//sheet 数量,可以只读取手动指定的sheet页
        //int sheetCount1= workbook.getNumberOfSheets();
        Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(sheetCount); //读取第几个工作表sheet
        int rowNum = sheet.getLastRowNum();//有多少行
        for (int i = 1; i <= rowNum; i++) {
            Row row = sheet.getRow(i);//第i行
            if (row == null) {//过滤空行
                continue;
            }
            List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
            int colCount = sheet.getRow(0).getLastCellNum();//用表头去算有多少列,不然从下面的行计算列的话,空的就不算了
            for (int j = 0; j < colCount; j++) {//第j列://+1是因为最后一列是空 也算进去
                Cell cell = row.getCell(j);
                String cellValue;
                boolean isMerge = false;
                if (cell != null) {
                    isMerge = isMergedRegion(sheet, i, cell.getColumnIndex());
                }
                //判断是否具有合并单元格
                if (isMerge) {
                    cellValue = getMergedRegionValue(sheet, row.getRowNum(), cell.getColumnIndex());
                } else {
                    cellValue = getStringCellValue(cell);
                }
                list.add(cellValue);
            }
            values.add(list);
        }
        return values;
    }

    /**
     * @return java.util.List<java.util.List < java.lang.String>>
     * @Author: best_liu
     * @Description: 从流中获取excel
     * @Date: 14:27 2022/3/16
     * @Param [is, sheetNum]
     **/
    public List<List<String>> getExcelValues(InputStream is, int sheetNum) throws Exception {
        List<List<String>> values = new ArrayList<List<String>>();
        Workbook workbook = WorkbookFactory.create(is);
        int sheetCount = sheetNum - 1; //workbook.getNumberOfSheets();//sheet 数量,可以只读取手动指定的sheet页
        //int sheetCount1= workbook.getNumberOfSheets();
        Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(sheetCount); //读取第几个工作表sheet
        int rowNum = sheet.getLastRowNum();//有多少行
        for (int i = 1; i <= rowNum; i++) {
            Row row = sheet.getRow(i);//第i行
            if (row == null) {//过滤空行
                continue;
            }
            List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
            int colCount = sheet.getRow(0).getLastCellNum();//用表头去算有多少列,不然从下面的行计算列的话,空的就不算了
            for (int j = 0; j < colCount; j++) {//第j列://+1是因为最后一列是空 也算进去
                Cell cell = row.getCell(j);
                String cellValue;
                boolean isMerge = false;
                if (cell != null) {
                    isMerge = isMergedRegion(sheet, i, cell.getColumnIndex());
                }
                //判断是否具有合并单元格
                if (isMerge) {
                    cellValue = getMergedRegionValue(sheet, row.getRowNum(), cell.getColumnIndex());
                } else {
                    cellValue = getStringCellValue(cell);
                }
                list.add(cellValue);
            }
            values.add(list);
        }
        return values;
    }

    /**
     * 判断整行是否为空
     *
     * @param row    excel得行对象
     * @param maxRow 有效值得最大列数
     */
    private static boolean CheckRowNull(Row row, int maxRow) {
        int num = 0;
        for (int j = 0; j < maxRow; j++) {
            Cell cell = row.getCell(j);
            if (cell == null || cell.equals("") || cell.getCellType().getCode() == 3) {
                num++;
            }
        }
        if (maxRow == num) {
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * @return List<List < Map < String, String>>>
     * @Author: best_liu
     * @Description: 根据sheet数获取excel的值 返回List<List<Map<String,String>>>的数据结构
     * @Date: 15:12 2022/3/18
     * @Param
     **/
    public List<Map<String, Object>> getExcelMapVal(InputStream is, int sheetNum) throws Exception {
        List<Map<String, Object>> values = new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>();
        Workbook workbook = WorkbookFactory.create(is);
        int sheetCount = sheetNum - 1; //workbook.getNumberOfSheets();//sheet 数量,可以只读取手动指定的sheet页
        //int sheetCount1= workbook.getNumberOfSheets();
        Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(sheetCount); //读取第几个工作表sheet
        int rowNum = sheet.getLastRowNum();//有多少行
        Row rowTitle = sheet.getRow(2);//取底三行数据,第三行隐藏字段
        int colCount = sheet.getRow(0).getLastCellNum();//用表头去算有多少列,不然从下面的行计算列的话,空的就不算了
        for (int i = 3; i <= rowNum; i++) {//从第三行开始
            Row row = sheet.getRow(i);//第i行
            if (row == null || CheckRowNull(row, colCount)) {//过滤空行
                continue;
            }
            Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
            for (int j = 0; j < colCount; j++) {//第j列://+1是因为最后一列是空 也算进去
                Cell cell = row.getCell(j);
                Cell cellTitle = rowTitle.getCell(j);
                String cellValue;
                String cellKey = getStringCellValue(cellTitle);
                boolean isMerge = false;
                if (cell != null) {
                    isMerge = isMergedRegion(sheet, i, cell.getColumnIndex());
                }
                //判断是否具有合并单元格
                if (isMerge) {
                    cellValue = getMergedRegionValue(sheet, row.getRowNum(), cell.getColumnIndex());
                } else {
                    cellValue = getStringCellValue(cell);
                }
                map.put(cellKey, cellValue);
            }
            values.add(map);
        }
        return values;
    }

    /**
     * 根据sheet数获取excel的值 返回List<List<Map<String,String>>>的数据结构
     *
     * @param fileUrl  文件路径
     * @param sheetNum 工作表(第几分页[1,2,3.....])
     * @return List<List < Map < String, String>>>
     */
    public List<List<Map<String, String>>> getExcelMapVal(String fileUrl, int sheetNum) throws Exception {
        List<List<Map<String, String>>> values = new ArrayList<List<Map<String, String>>>();
        File file = new File(fileUrl);
        InputStream is = new FileInputStream(file);
        Workbook workbook = WorkbookFactory.create(is);
        int sheetCount = sheetNum - 1; //workbook.getNumberOfSheets();//sheet 数量,可以只读取手动指定的sheet页
        //int sheetCount1= workbook.getNumberOfSheets();
        Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(sheetCount); //读取第几个工作表sheet
        int rowNum = sheet.getLastRowNum();//有多少行
        Row rowTitle = sheet.getRow(0);//第i行
        int colCount = sheet.getRow(0).getLastCellNum();//用表头去算有多少列,不然从下面的行计算列的话,空的就不算了
        for (int i = 1; i <= rowNum; i++) {
            Row row = sheet.getRow(i);//第i行
            if (row == null || CheckRowNull(row, colCount)) {//过滤空行
                continue;
            }
            List<Map<String, String>> list = new ArrayList<Map<String, String>>();
            for (int j = 0; j < colCount; j++) {//第j列://+1是因为最后一列是空 也算进去
                Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();
                Cell cell = row.getCell(j);
                Cell cellTitle = rowTitle.getCell(j);
                String cellValue;
                String cellKey = getStringCellValue(cellTitle);
                boolean isMerge = false;
                if (cell != null) {
                    isMerge = isMergedRegion(sheet, i, cell.getColumnIndex());
                }
                //判断是否具有合并单元格
                if (isMerge) {
                    cellValue = getMergedRegionValue(sheet, row.getRowNum(), cell.getColumnIndex());
                } else {
                    cellValue = getStringCellValue(cell);
                }
                map.put(cellKey, cellValue);
                list.add(map);
            }
            values.add(list);
        }
        return values;
    }

    /**
     * 获取当前excel的工作表sheet总数
     *
     * @param fileUrl
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public int hasSheetCount(String fileUrl) throws Exception {
        File file = new File(fileUrl);
        InputStream is = new FileInputStream(file);
        Workbook workbook = WorkbookFactory.create(is);
        int sheetCount = workbook.getNumberOfSheets();
        return sheetCount;
    }
}

 3.编写导出工具类--TreeTool

import com.mes.material.excelTool.vo.Column;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * 处理tree结构的数据 工具类
 * Created by wtj on 2018/5/20
 * 修改时间:2019/03/20
 */
public class TreeTool {
    /**
     * 传入的id 必须存在list集合里
     * 获取某节点的深度
     *
     * @param list
     * @param id   根节点
     * @param step
     * @return
     */
    public static int getTreeStep(List<Column> list, String id, int step) {
        if ("".equals(id) || null == id) {
            return step;
        }
        for (Column cc : list) {
            if (id.equals(cc.getId())) {
                int temp = step + 1;
                return getTreeStep(list, cc.getPid(), temp);
            }
        }
        return step;
    }

    /**
     * 遍历所有数据 获取树最大的深度
     *
     * @param list
     * @return
     */
    public static int getMaxStep(List<Column> list) {
        List<Integer> nums = new ArrayList<Integer>();
        for (Column cc : list) {
            nums.add(getTreeStep(list, cc.getId(), 0));
        }
        return Collections.max(nums);
    }

    /**
     * 获取最底部子节点的个数 所有叶子节点个数
     *
     * @param list
     * @param did
     * @return
     */
    public static int getDownChilren(List<Column> list, String did) {
        int sum = 0;
        for (Column cc : list) {
            if (did.equals(cc.getPid())) {
                sum++;
                //判断该节点 是否有子节点
                if (hasChild(list, cc)) {
                    sum += getDownChilren(list, cc.getId()) - 1;
                }
            }
        }
        return sum;
    }

    /**
     * 获取父节点
     *
     * @param list 所有的list数据,一条一条
     * @param did  当前节点id
     * @return
     */
    public static Column getFCol(List<Column> list, String did) {
        for (Column cc : list) {
            if (did != null && did.equals(cc.getId())) {
                return cc;
            }
            if (did == null && did == cc.getId()) {
                return cc;
            }
        }
        return new Column() {{
            setCol(0);
            setRow(0);
        }};
    }

    /**
     * 获取兄弟节点个数 这个必须是有排序的
     *
     * @param list   所有的list数据,一条一条
     * @param column 当前节点信息
     * @return
     */
    public static int getBrotherChilNum(List<Column> list, Column column) {
        int sum = 0;
        for (Column cc : list) {
            if (column.getId().equals(cc.getId())) {
                break;
            }
            if (!column.getPid().equals(cc.getPid())) {
                continue;
            }
            int temp = getDownChilren(list, cc.getId());
            if (temp == 0 || temp == 1) {
                sum++;
            } else {
                sum += temp;
            }
        }
        return sum;
    }

    /**
     * 根据某节点的第几层的父节点id
     *
     * @param list 所有的list数据,一条一条
     * @param id   当前节点id
     * @param step 第几层(深度 从零开始)
     * @return
     */
    public static String getStepFid(List<Column> list, String id, int step) {
        String f_id = null;
        for (Column cc : list) {
            if (id.equals(cc.getId())) {
                int cstep = getTreeStep(list, cc.getId(), 0);
                if (step == cstep) {
                    return id;
                }
                int fstep = getTreeStep(list, cc.getPid(), 0);
                if (step == fstep) {
                    f_id = cc.getPid();
                    break;
                } else {
                    getStepFid(list, cc.getPid(), step);
                }
            }
        }
        return f_id;
    }

    /**
     * 判断是否有子节点
     *
     * @param list 遍历的数据
     * @param node 某个节点
     * @return
     */
    public static boolean hasChild(List<Column> list, Column node) {
        return getChildList(list, node).size() > 0 ? true : false;
    }

    /**
     * 得到子节点列表
     *
     * @param list 遍历的数据
     * @param node 某个节点
     * @return
     */
    public static List<Column> getChildList(List<Column> list, Column node) {
        List<Column> nodeList = new ArrayList<Column>();
        Iterator<Column> it = list.iterator();
        while (it.hasNext()) {
            Column n = (Column) it.next();
            if (n.getPid() != null && n.getPid().equals(node.getId())) {
                nodeList.add(n);
            }
        }
        return nodeList;
    }

    /**
     * 使用递归方法建树
     *
     * @param treeNodes
     * @return
     */
    public static List<Column> buildByRecursive(List<Column> treeNodes, String rootID) {
        List<Column> trees = new ArrayList<>();
        boolean flag = false;
        boolean sflag = false;
        for (Column treeNode : treeNodes) {
            if ((rootID == null && rootID == treeNode.getId())) {
                flag = true;
            }
            if (rootID != null && rootID.equals(treeNode.getId())) {
                flag = true;
            }
            if (flag) {
                trees.add(findChildren(treeNode, treeNodes));
                flag = false;
            }
        }
        if (trees.size() <= 0) {
            for (Column treeNode : treeNodes) {
                if ((rootID == null && rootID == treeNode.getPid())) {
                    sflag = true;
                }
                if (rootID != null && rootID.equals(treeNode.getPid())) {
                    sflag = true;
                }
                if (sflag) {
                    trees.add(findChildren(treeNode, treeNodes));
                    sflag = false;
                }
            }
        }
        return trees;
    }

    /**
     * 递归查找子节点
     *
     * @param treeNodes
     * @return
     */
    public static Column findChildren(Column treeNode, List<Column> treeNodes) {
        for (Column it : treeNodes) {
            if (treeNode.getId().equals(it.getPid())) {
                if (treeNode.getListTpamscolumn() == null) {
                    treeNode.setListTpamscolumn(new ArrayList<Column>());
                }
                treeNode.getListTpamscolumn().add(findChildren(it, treeNodes));
            }
        }
        return treeNode;
    }
}

 4.编写导出工具类--Colum

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class Column {
    //单元格内容
    private String content;
    //字段名称,用户导出表格时反射调用
    private String fieldName;
    //这个单元格的集合
    private List<Column> listTpamscolumn = new ArrayList<Column>();

    int totalRow;
    int totalCol;
    int row;//excel第几行
    int col;//excel第几列
    int rLen; //excel 跨多少行
    int cLen;//excel跨多少列
    private boolean HasChilren;//是否有子节点
    private int tree_step;//树的级别 从0开始
    private String id;
    private String pid;

    public Column() {
    };

    public Column(String content, String fieldName) {
        this.content = content;
        this.fieldName = fieldName;
    }

    public Column(String fieldName, String content, int tree_step) {
        this.tree_step = tree_step;
        this.fieldName = fieldName;
        this.content = content;
    }

    public int getTotalRow() {
        return totalRow;
    }

    public void setTotalRow(int totalRow) {
        this.totalRow = totalRow;
    }

    public int getTotalCol() {
        return totalCol;
    }

    public void setTotalCol(int totalCol) {
        this.totalCol = totalCol;
    }

    public String getPid() {
        return pid;
    }

    public void setPid(String pid) {
        this.pid = pid;
    }

    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(String id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public boolean isHasChilren() {
        return HasChilren;
    }

    public void setHasChilren(boolean hasChilren) {
        HasChilren = hasChilren;
    }

    public String getContent() {
        return content;
    }

    public void setContent(String content) {
        this.content = content;
    }

    public String getFieldName() {
        return fieldName;
    }

    public void setFieldName(String fieldName) {
        this.fieldName = fieldName;
    }

    public List<Column> getListTpamscolumn() {
        return listTpamscolumn;
    }

    public void setListTpamscolumn(List<Column> listTpamscolumn) {
        this.listTpamscolumn = listTpamscolumn;
    }

    public int getTree_step() {
        return tree_step;
    }

    public void setTree_step(int tree_step) {
        this.tree_step = tree_step;
    }

    public int getRow() {
        return row;
    }

    public void setRow(int row) {
        this.row = row;
    }

    public int getCol() {
        return col;
    }

    public void setCol(int col) {
        this.col = col;
    }

    public int getrLen() {
        return rLen;
    }

    public void setrLen(int rLen) {
        this.rLen = rLen;
    }

    public int getcLen() {
        return cLen;
    }

    public void setcLen(int cLen) {
        this.cLen = cLen;
    }
}

 5.编写导出工具类--MergedResult

public class MergedResult {
    boolean isMerged;//是否合并单元格
    int rowIndex;//行下标
    int columnIndex;//列下标
    int firstRow;//合并的行 开始下标
    int lastRow;//合并的行 结束下标
    int firstColumn;//合并的列 开始下标
    int lastColumn;//合并的列 结束下标
    int rowMergeNum;//合并的行数
    int columnMergeNum;//合并的列数

    public boolean getIsMerged() {
        return isMerged;
    }

    public void setIsMerged(boolean merged) {
        isMerged = merged;
    }

    public int getRowIndex() {
        return rowIndex;
    }

    public void setRowIndex(int rowIndex) {
        this.rowIndex = rowIndex;
    }

    public int getColumnIndex() {
        return columnIndex;
    }

    public void setColumnIndex(int columnIndex) {
        this.columnIndex = columnIndex;
    }

    public int getFirstRow() {
        return firstRow;
    }

    public void setFirstRow(int firstRow) {
        this.firstRow = firstRow;
    }

    public int getLastRow() {
        return lastRow;
    }

    public void setLastRow(int lastRow) {
        this.lastRow = lastRow;
    }

    public int getFirstColumn() {
        return firstColumn;
    }

    public void setFirstColumn(int firstColumn) {
        this.firstColumn = firstColumn;
    }

    public int getLastColumn() {
        return lastColumn;
    }

    public void setLastColumn(int lastColumn) {
        this.lastColumn = lastColumn;
    }

    public int getRowMergeNum() {
        return rowMergeNum;
    }

    public void setRowMergeNum(int rowMergeNum) {
        this.rowMergeNum = rowMergeNum;
    }

    public int getColumnMergeNum() {
        return columnMergeNum;
    }

    public void setColumnMergeNum(int columnMergeNum) {
        this.columnMergeNum = columnMergeNum;
    }
}

6.编写导出工具类--TitleEntity

public class TitleEntity {
    public String t_id;
    public String t_pid;
    public String t_content;
    public String t_fielName;

    public TitleEntity() {
    }

    public TitleEntity(String t_id, String t_pid, String t_content, String t_fielName) {
        this.t_id = t_id;
        this.t_pid = t_pid;
        this.t_content = t_content;
        this.t_fielName = t_fielName;
    }

    public String getT_id() {
        return t_id;
    }

    public void setT_id(String t_id) {
        this.t_id = t_id;
    }

    public String getT_pid() {
        return t_pid;
    }

    public void setT_pid(String t_pid) {
        this.t_pid = t_pid;
    }

    public String getT_content() {
        return t_content;
    }

    public void setT_content(String t_content) {
        this.t_content = t_content;
    }

    public String getT_fielName() {
        return t_fielName;
    }

    public void setT_fielName(String t_fielName) {
        this.t_fielName = t_fielName;
    }
}

7.编写导出工具类--ExcelUtils 

import com.mes.material.domain.MaterialDictData;
import com.mes.material.excelTool.ExcelTool;
import com.mes.material.excelTool.vo.Column;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.*;

/**
 * @Author: best_liu
 * @Description:
 * @Date Create in 10:37 2022/4/6
 * @Modified By:
 */
public class ExcelUtils {


    /**
     * @return void
     * @Author: best_liu
     * @Description: 导出模板工具类
     * @Date: 10:39 2022/4/6
     * @Param [request, response]
     **/
    public static void export(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, List<MaterialDictData> dataList, String materialType, String materialLable) throws Exception {
        //        单级的表头
        List<Map<String, String>> titleList = new ArrayList<>();
        //单级的 行内数据
        List<Map<String, String>> rowList = new ArrayList<>();
        Map mm = new HashMap<String, String>();
        for (MaterialDictData mDate : dataList) {
            Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
            map.put(mDate.getMaterialLabel(), mDate.getMaterialValue());
            titleList.add(map);
            mm.put(mDate.getMaterialValue(), mDate.getMaterialValue());
        }
        rowList.add(mm);
        //单级的 行内数据
        List<Map<String, String>> eList = new ArrayList<>();
        //说明
        Map<String, String> explain = new HashMap<String, String>();
        explain.put("请勿修改表格结构,只需在对应列下填写数据即可。", "explain");
        List<Map<String, String>> explainList = new ArrayList<>();
        Map<String, String> maodian = new HashMap<String, String>();
        maodian.put(materialType, "id");
        explainList.add(maodian);
        explainList.add(explain);
        String title = materialLable + "模板";
        ExcelTool excelTool = new ExcelTool(title, 15, 20);
        List<Column> explainData = excelTool.columnTransformer(explainList);

        List<Column> titleData = excelTool.columnTransformer(titleList);
        //获取要下载的文件输入流
        //hidden用来标识第一列是否被隐藏
        InputStream inputStream = excelTool.exportExcelSelect(false, explainData, eList, titleData, rowList,dataList, true, false);
        //获取要下载的文件名
        try {

            response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel;charset=utf-8");
            //设置content-disposition响应头控制浏览器以下载的形式打开文件
            response.addHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=outExcel.xls");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        OutputStream out = null;
        try {
            //获取要下载的文件输入流
            int len = 0;
            //创建数据缓冲区
            byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
            //通过response对象获取outputStream流
            out = response.getOutputStream();
            //将FileInputStream流写入到buffer缓冲区
            while ((len = inputStream.read(buffer)) > 0) {
                //使用OutputStream将缓冲区的数据输出到浏览器
                out.write(buffer, 0, len);
            }
            out.flush();
            inputStream.close();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (out != null) {
                try {
                    out.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * @return void
     * @Author: best_liu
     * @Description: 导出物资信息工具类
     * @Date: 10:39 2022/4/6
     * @Param [request, response]
     **/
    public static void exportMatreial(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, List<MaterialDictData> li, List<Map<String, String>> list, String materialType, String materialName) throws Exception {
        //        单级的表头
        List<Map<String, String>> titleList = new ArrayList<>();
        Map<String, String> ma = new LinkedHashMap<>();
        ma.put("主键", "matId");
        titleList.add(ma);
        //单级的 行内数据
        List<Map<String, String>> rowList = new ArrayList<>();
        Map mm = new HashMap<String, String>();
        mm.put("matId", "matId");
        for (MaterialDictData mDate : li) {
            Map<String, String> map = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();
            map.put(mDate.getMaterialLabel(), mDate.getMaterialValue());
            titleList.add(map);
            mm.put(mDate.getMaterialValue(), mDate.getMaterialValue());
        }
        Map<String, String> m = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();
        m.put("存放位置", "storageLocation");
        titleList.add(m);
        Map<String, String> m1 = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();
        m1.put("是否在仓库中", "isExist");
        titleList.add(m1);
        mm.put("storageLocation", "storageLocation");
        mm.put("isExist", "isExist");
        rowList.add(mm);
        for (Map<String, String> map : list) {
            rowList.add(map);
        }
        //单级的 行内数据
        List<Map<String, String>> eList = new ArrayList<>();
        //说明
        Map<String, String> explain = new HashMap<String, String>();
        explain.put("请勿修改表格结构,只需在对应列下填写数据即可。" + "\r\n" + "盘点人员只需要给表格最后一列赋值即可,如果仓库中和表格一致,填‘是’,不一致填‘否’。" + "\r\n" + "表格中没有的物资在下面新加一条数据。", "explain");
        List<Map<String, String>> explainList = new ArrayList<>();
        Map<String, String> maodian = new HashMap<String, String>();
        maodian.put(materialType, "id");
        explainList.add(maodian);
        explainList.add(explain);
        ExcelTool excelTool = new ExcelTool(materialName + "列表", 15, 20);
        List<Column> explainData = excelTool.columnTransformer(explainList);

        List<Column> titleData = excelTool.columnTransformer(titleList);
        //获取要下载的文件输入流
        //hidden用来标识第一列是否被隐藏
        InputStream inputStream = excelTool.exportExcel(true, explainData, eList, titleData, rowList, true, false);
        //获取要下载的文件名
        try {

            response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel;charset=utf-8");
            //设置content-disposition响应头控制浏览器以下载的形式打开文件
            response.addHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=outExcel.xls");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        OutputStream out = null;
        try {
            //获取要下载的文件输入流
            int len = 0;
            //创建数据缓冲区
            byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
            //通过response对象获取outputStream流
            out = response.getOutputStream();
            //将FileInputStream流写入到buffer缓冲区
            while ((len = inputStream.read(buffer)) > 0) {
                //使用OutputStream将缓冲区的数据输出到浏览器
                out.write(buffer, 0, len);
            }
            out.flush();
            inputStream.close();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (out != null) {
                try {
                    out.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

8.实现下载

public void export(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, @RequestBody(required = false) MaterialDictType materialDictType) throws Exception {
        //查询是导入字段的列表
        MaterialDictData dictData = new MaterialDictData();
        dictData.setMaterialType(materialDictType.getMaterialType());
        dictData.setIsImport(YesOrNoEnum.yes.getCode());
        List<MaterialDictData> list = dictDataService.selectMaterialDataList(dictData);
        ExcelUtils.export(request, response, list, materialDictType.getMaterialType(), materialDictType.getMaterialName());
    }

9.实现上传

@RequestMapping("/upload")
    @ResponseBody
    public String handleFileUpload(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file) throws Exception {

        //获取文件后缀
        String type = file.getOriginalFilename().substring(file.getOriginalFilename().lastIndexOf("."));
        if(!Arrays.asList(MaterialConstants.excelType).contains(type)){
            return "仅允许导入“xls”或“xlsx”格式文件!";
        }

        if (file.isEmpty()) {
            return "文件为空";
        }
        byte[] byteArr = new byte[0];
        try {
            byteArr = file.getBytes();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        InputStream inputStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(byteArr);
        ExcelTool excelTool = new ExcelTool();
        List<List<String>> sheet1 = excelTool.getExcelValues(inputStream, 1);
        InputStream inputStream2 = new ByteArrayInputStream(byteArr);
        //获取锚点标识
        System.out.println(sheet1.get(0).get(0));
        List<Map<String, Object>> readexeclC = excelTool.getExcelMapVal(inputStream2, 2);
        String result = excelService.handleFileUpload(sheet1.get(0).get(0), readexeclC);
        return result;
    }

10.效果预览

excel java 元数据 动态表单 java动态excel模板_excel java 元数据 动态表单

 

excel java 元数据 动态表单 java动态excel模板_List_02