常用的项目构建工具集成
前端的打包工具，一般使用的都是npm
Java项目构建工具
初始化一个springboot项目 https://start.spring.io/
maven去打包的时候，下面都会有一个xml文件，叫pom.xml这个文件，这个文件就定义了项目的依赖项，通过各种结构化的数据来定义。
这样就生成了maven测试项目的一个过程
Maven
官网：http://maven.apache.org/download.cgi Maven是一个项目的构建依赖管理工具。通常项目的根目录会存在一个pom.xml文件（该文件用于定义项目的依赖包信息和构建配置）
经常要做的就是如何在流水线里面进行打包
Maven安装配置
maven也是依赖JDK的，所以要先将java_home配置好
[root@jenkins-master ~]# java -version
openjdk version "1.8.0_282"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (AdoptOpenJDK)(build 1.8.0_282-b08)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (AdoptOpenJDK)(build 25.282-b08, mixed mode)
[root@jenkins-master ~]# tail -n6 /etc/profile
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk8
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
export GROOVY_HOME=/usr/local/groovy-3.0.7
export PATH=$GROOVY_HOME/bin:$PATH
export M2_HOME=/usr/local/apache-maven-3.8.1
export PATH=$M2_HOME/bin:$PATH
### 下载
wget https://mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn/apache/maven/maven-3/3.8.1/binaries/apache-maven-3.8.1-bin.tar.gz
tar zxf apache-maven-3.8.1-bin.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
cd /usr/local/apache-maven-3.8.1/
pwd /usr/local/apache-maven-3.8.1
### 配置环境变量
vi /etc/profile
export M2_HOME=/usr/local/apache-maven-3.8.1
export PATH=$M2_HOME/bin:$PATH
source /etc/profile
### 验证
mvn -v
Apache Maven 3.8.1 (05c21c65bdfed0f71a2f2ada8b84da59348c4c5d)
Maven home: /usr/local/apache-maven-3.8.1
Java version: 1.8.0_282, vendor: AdoptOpenJDK, runtime: /usr/local/jdk8u282-b08/jre
Default locale: en_US, platform encoding: ANSI_X3.4-1968
OS name: "linux", version: "4.18.0-80.el8.x86_64", arch: "amd64", family: "unix"
gitlab里面创建一个项目
本地有代码了就可以传上去
来到这个目录下面将代码上传
[root@jenkins-master ~]# cd devops-maven-service-master
[root@jenkins-master devops-maven-service-master]# ls
Jenkinsfile mvnw mvnw.cmd pom.xml src
[root@jenkins-master devops-maven-service-master]# git init
Initialized empty Git repository in /root/devops-maven-service-master/.git/
[root@jenkins-master devops-maven-service-master]# git remote add origin http://139.198.170.122:81/root/devops-maven-service.git
[root@jenkins-master devops-maven-service-master]# git add .
[root@jenkins-master devops-maven-service-master]# git commit -m "Initial commit"
[master (root-commit) 0b12b52] Initial commit
11 files changed, 816 insertions(+)
create mode 100644 .gitignore
create mode 100644 .mvn/wrapper/MavenWrapperDownloader.java
create mode 100644 .mvn/wrapper/maven-wrapper.jar
create mode 100644 .mvn/wrapper/maven-wrapper.properties
create mode 100644 Jenkinsfile
create mode 100755 mvnw
create mode 100644 mvnw.cmd
create mode 100644 pom.xml
create mode 100644 src/main/java/com/example/demo/DemoApplication.java
create mode 100644 src/main/resources/application.properties
create mode 100644 src/test/java/com/example/demo/DemoApplicationTests.java
[root@jenkins-master devops-maven-service-master]# git push -u origin master
Username for 'http://139.198.170.122:81': root
Password for 'http://root@139.198.170.122:81':
Counting objects: 27, done.
Compressing objects: 100% (17/17), done.
Writing objects: 100% (27/27), 53.44 KiB | 0 bytes/s, done.
Total 27 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
To http://139.198.170.122:81/root/devops-maven-service.git
* [new branch] master -> master
Branch master set up to track remote branch master from origin.
resource文件夹里面存放着配置文件
Maven 常用命令
- mvn clean 清理构建目录
- mvn clean package 打包 (这里会有单元测试的过程)
- mvn clean install 打包部署
- mvn clean test 单元测试
- mvn clean package -f ../pom.xml -f指定pom位置\
- mvn clean package -DskipTests / -Dmaven.test.skip=true 跳过单测
- mvn deploy 发布包到制品库
打包的时候会下载很多依赖，阿里云maven源https://developer.aliyun.com/article/597934
下面是修改插件源，一般指定私服服务器的源
[root@jenkins-master ~]# vim /usr/local/apache-maven-3.8.1/conf/settings.xml
<mirror>
<id>alimaven</id>
<mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf>
<name>aliyun maven</name>
<url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
</mirror>
maven下载的包都会缓存在目录当中
<!-- localRepository
| The path to the local repository maven will use to store artifacts.
|
| Default: ${user.home}/.m2/repository
<localRepository>/path/to/local/repo</localRepository>
-->
这里多了一个target目录，最关键的就是这个应用包demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
[INFO] Replacing main artifact with repackaged archive
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 01:23 min
[INFO] Finished at: 2021-06-01T15:43:54+08:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[root@jenkins-master devops-maven-service-master]# ls target/
classes demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar.original generated-test-sources maven-status test-classes
demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar generated-sources maven-archiver surefire-reports
这个包就可以直接启动
[root@jenkins-master target]# java -jar demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
. ____ _ __ _ _
/\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __ __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
\\/ ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| | ) ) ) )
' |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
=========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
:: Spring Boot :: (v2.4.4)
2021-06-01 15:49:32.004 INFO 26266 --- [ main] com.example.demo.DemoApplication : Starting DemoApplication v0.0.1-SNAPSHOT using Java 1.8.0_282 on jenkins-master with PID 26266 (/root/devops-maven-service-master/target/demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar started by root in /root/devops-maven-service-master/target)
2021-06-01 15:49:32.014 INFO 26266 --- [ main] com.example.demo.DemoApplication : No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default
2021-06-01 15:49:34.612 INFO 26266 --- [ main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8080 (http)
2021-06-01 15:49:34.651 INFO 26266 --- [ main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService : Starting service [Tomcat]
2021-06-01 15:49:34.651 INFO 26266 --- [ main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine : Starting Servlet engine: [Apache Tomcat/9.0.44]
2021-06-01 15:49:34.773 INFO 26266 --- [ main] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/] : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
2021-06-01 15:49:34.774 INFO 26266 --- [ main] w.s.c.ServletWebServerApplicationContext : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 2615 ms
2021-06-01 15:49:35.960 INFO 26266 --- [ main] o.s.s.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor : Initializing ExecutorService 'applicationTaskExecutor'
2021-06-01 15:49:36.592 INFO 26266 --- [ main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer : Tomcat started on port(s): 8080 (http) with context path ''
2021-06-01 15:49:36.658 INFO 26266 --- [ main] com.example.demo.DemoApplication : Started DemoApplication in 5.735 seconds (JVM running for 6.659)
2021-06-01 15:49:36.794 INFO 26266 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.apache.tomcat.util.http.parser.Cookie : A cookie header was received [:sess=O8wndXnEhbZ6q3QOLzGcahd__76DVKul; kubesphere:sess.sig=Ne-55wTGJElmSDxUeGWe9KTXYlI; known_sign_in=Q3gvQ3FQL1l3ZEsxY0gxMXhLUEZmRWFOVmxJVVFKeE9TaDZvSkcyMWJiYkVnZ2JSQjN3UllCSTRjbTZSeG5jTmx3cC81ZXNtQnhiRTlrRmdwTXY3R3p4dFpqRVZjSTNlRUdNenFqMmw4UzRGNW5JMFRMWStYam1aL0dta05WWC8tLTNkeEdmNDNHdk5FYXl6TWlVc2kyS3c9PQ%3D%3D--04f1ffe0e68036b23c7888b13160cb5abaf925d4; _gitlab_session=25974412b939b115dbef9f436ff07db0] that contained an invalid cookie. That cookie will be ignored.
Note: further occurrences of this error will be logged at DEBUG level.
2021-06-01 15:49:36.817 INFO 26266 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/] : Initializing Spring DispatcherServlet 'dispatcherServlet'
2021-06-01 15:49:36.818 INFO 26266 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet : Initializing Servlet 'dispatcherServlet'
2021-06-01 15:49:36.819 INFO 26266 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet : Completed initialization in 1 ms
Pipeline流水线构建
def buildTools = ["maven": "/usr/local/apache-maven-3.8.1"]
pipeline{
agent {label "build"}
stages{
stage("GetCode"){
steps{
script{
println("下载分支代码----->${env.branchName}")
checkout([$class: 'GitSCM', branches: [[name: "${env.branchName}"]], extensions: [], userRemoteConfigs: [[credentialsId: '823b86fe-2c1b-466e-b0c3-66ae6991449d', url: "${gitHttpURL}"]]])
}
}
}
stage("Build"){
steps{
script{
sh "${buildTools["maven"]}/bin/mvn clean package"
}
}
}
}
}
单元测试
maven这里有时候会找不到，使用绝对路径，如下使用
def buildTools = ["maven": "/usr/local/apache-maven-3.8.1"]
pipeline{
agent {label "build"}
stages{
stage("GetCode"){
steps{
script{
println("下载分支代码----->${env.branchName}")
checkout([$class: 'GitSCM', branches: [[name: '*/master']], extensions: [], userRemoteConfigs: [[credentialsId: '823b86fe-2c1b-466e-b0c3-66ae6991449d', url: "${gitHttpURL}"]]])
}
}
}
stage("Build"){
steps{
script{
sh "${buildTools["maven"]}/bin/mvn clean package"
}
}
}
stage("UnitTest"){
steps{
script{
sh "${buildTools["maven"]}/bin/mvn test"
}
}
}
}
}
单元测试有个插件junit的报告，下面是测试报告的目录
[root@jenkins-master devops-maven-service-master]# ls target/surefire-reports/
com.example.demo.DemoApplicationTests.txt TEST-com.example.demo.DemoApplicationTests.xml
下面的路径是相对于workspace来说的
如果单元测试失败就收集不到了，所以呢这里需要添加一个post
def buildTools = ["maven": "/usr/local/apache-maven-3.8.1"]
pipeline{
agent {label "build"}
stages{
stage("GetCode"){
steps{
script{
println("下载分支代码----->${env.branchName}")
checkout([$class: 'GitSCM', branches: [[name: '*/master']], extensions: [], userRemoteConfigs: [[credentialsId: '823b86fe-2c1b-466e-b0c3-66ae6991449d', url: "${gitHttpURL}"]]])
}
}
}
stage("Build"){
steps{
script{
sh "${buildTools["maven"]}/bin/mvn clean package"
}
}
}
stage("UnitTest"){
steps{
script{
sh "${buildTools["maven"]}/bin/mvn test"
}
}
post{
success{
script{
junit 'target/surefire-reports/*.xml'
}
}
}
}
}
}
在企业里面会用nexus去搭建一个私服，那么就可以使用本地私服了，就不需要去拉取外网的包了。最后项目打包时候需要的参数找开发人员去要就行了。
