目录
一、常见计算机技术词汇
二、项目管理词汇
2.1 十大知识域
2.2 五大过程组
2.3 49个子过程
2.4 工具和技术汇总
2.5 输入和输出汇总
一、常见计算机技术词汇
序号 | 中文 | 英文 |
1 | 云计算 | Cloud computing |
2 | 云存储 | Cloud storage |
3 | 云服务 | Cloud service |
4 | 软件即服务 | SaaS |
5 | 平台即服务 | PaaS |
6 | 基础设施即服务 | laaS |
7 | 虚拟资源 | Virtual resources |
8 | 大数据 | big data |
9 | 大数据特点 | 数据量大(Volume)>速度快( Velocity)、 类型多( Variety)、Value (价值) 、 真实性( Veracity) |
10 | MapReduce | 是一种编程模型, 用于大规模数据集的并行运算 |
11 | Hbase | 是一个分布式的, 面向列的开源数据库 |
12 | 物联网 | Internet of things (IoT ) |
13 | 感知层 | Sensing layer |
14 | 网络层 | Network layer |
15 | 应用层 | Application layer |
16 | 传感器 | Sensors |
17 | 嵌入式系统 | Embedded systems |
18 | 互联网+ | Internet+或 Internet plus |
19 | 工业4.0 | Industry 4.0 |
20 | 信息物理系统 | Cyber-physical System (CPS) |
21 | 虚拟化 | Virtualization |
22 | 人工智能 | Artificial intellingence |
23 | 机器学习 | Machine learning |
24 | 虚拟现实 | Virtual reality |
25 | 区块链 | Blockchain |
26 | 分布式的 | Distributed |
27 | 数字分类帐本 | Digital ledger |
28 | 网络共识 | Collusion ofthe network |
29 | 可视化 | Visual |
30 | 新型基础设施建设 | New infrastructure construction |
31 | 北斗卫星导航系统 | Beidou Satellite Navigation System |
32 | 健康码 | Health Code |
33 | 数字货币 | Digital Currency |
34 | 虚拟货币 | VRCCY (Virtual Reality Currency |
35 | 无人驾驶 | Driverless |
36 | 5G | 5th-Generation |
37 | 6G | 6-Generation |
38 | 工业互联网 | Industrial Internet |
39 | 时间敏感网络 | TSN |
40 | 车联网 | Internet of Vehicles, lov |
41 | 智能制造 | Intelligent Manufacturing, IM |
42 | 数字化转型 | Digital Transformation |
43 | 元宇宙 | Metaverse |
44 | 软件定义网络 | Software Defined Network, SDN |
45 | 存储虚拟化 | Storage Virtualization |
46 | 绿色存储 | Green Storage |
47 | 用户和实体行为分析 | User and Entity Behavior Analytics, UEBA |
48 | 网络安全态势感知 | Network Security Situation Awareness |
49 | 微机电系统 | Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems, MEMS |
50 | 自然语言处理 | Natural Language Processing, NLP |
51 | 虚拟现实 | Virual Reality, VR |
52 | 增强现实 | Augmented Reality, AR |
二、项目管理词汇
2.1 十大知识域
十大知识域 | 1 | 项目整合管理 | Integration Management |
2 | 项目范围管理 | Scope Management | |
3 | 项目进度管理 | Schedule Management | |
4 | 项目成本管理 | Cost Management | |
5 | 项目质量管理 | Quality Management | |
6 | 项目资源管理 | Resource Management | |
7 | 项目沟通管理 | Communications Management | |
8 | 项目风险管理 | Risk Management | |
9 | 项目采购管理 | Procurement Management | |
10 | 项目干系人管理 | Stakeholder Management |
2.2 五大过程组
五大过程组 | 1 | 启动过程组 | Initiating Process Group |
2 | 规划过程组 | Planning Process Group | |
3 | 执行过程组 | Executing Process Group | |
4 | 监控过程组 | Monitoring and controlling Process Group | |
5 | 收尾过程组 | Closing Process Group |
2.3 49个子过程
49个子过程 | 1 | 制定项目章程 | Develop Project Charter |
2 | 制定项目管理计划 | Develop Project Management Plan | |
3 | 指导与管理项目工作 | Direct and Manage Project Work | |
4 | 监控项目工作 | Monitor and Control Project Work | |
5 | 管理项目知识 | Manage project knowledge | |
6 | 实施整体变更控制 | Perform Integrated Change Control | |
7 | 结束项目或阶段 | Close Project or Phase | |
8 | 规划范围管理 | Plan Scope Management | |
9 | 收集需求 | Collect Requirements | |
10 | 定义范围 | Define Scope | |
11 | 创建WBS | Create WBS | |
12 | 确认范围 | Validate Scope | |
13 | 控制范围 | Control Scope | |
14 | 规划进度管理 | Plan Schedule Management | |
15 | 定义活动 | Define Activities | |
16 | 排列活动顺序 | Sequence Activities | |
17 | 估算活动持续时间 | Estimate Activity Durations | |
18 | 制定进度计划 | Develop Schedule | |
19 | 控制进度 | Control Schedule | |
20 | 规划成本管理 | Plan Cost Management | |
21 | 估算成本 | Estimate Costs | |
22 | 制定预算 | Determine Budget | |
23 | 控制成本 | Control Costs | |
24 | 规划质量管理 | Plan Quality Management | |
25 | 管理质量 | Management Quality | |
26 | 控制质量 | Control Quality | |
27 | 规划资源管理 | Plan Human Resource Management | |
28 | 估算活动资源 | Estimating Activity Resources | |
29 | 获取资源 | Accessing Resources | |
30 | 建设团队 | Develop Team | |
31 | 管理团队 | Manage Team | |
32 | 控制资源 | Control Resources | |
33 | 规划沟通管理 | Plan Communications Management | |
34 | 管理沟通 | Manage Communications | |
35 | 监督沟通 | Supervise Communications | |
36 | 规划风险管理 | Plan Risk Management | |
37 | 识别风险 | Identify Risks | |
38 | 实施定性风险分析 | Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis | |
39 | 实施定量风险分析 | Perform Quantitative Risk Analysis | |
40 | 规划风险应对 | Plan Risk Responses | |
41 | 实施风险应对 | Implement Risk Responses | |
42 | 监督风险 | Supervise Risks | |
43 | 规划采购管理 | Plan Procurement Management | |
44 | 实施采购 | Conduct Procurements | |
45 | 控制采购 | Control Procurements | |
46 | 识别干系人 | Identify Stakeholders | |
47 | 规划干系人参与 | Plan Stakeholder Management | |
48 | 管理干系人参与 | Manage Stakeholder Engagement | |
49 | 监督干系人参与 | Supervise Stakeholder Engagement |
2.4 工具和技术汇总
1 | 专家判断 | Expert judgment |
2 | 数据收集 | Data Gathering |
3 | 头脑风暴 | Brainstorm |
4 | 焦点小组 | Focus groups |
5 | 访谈 | Interviews |
6 | 人际关系与团队技能 | Interpersonal and Team Skills |
7 | 冲突管理 | Conflict management |
8 | 引导 | Facilitation |
9 | 会议管理 | Meetings Management |
10 | 会议 | Meetings |
11 | 核对单 | Checklist |
12 | 项目管理信息系统 | Project management information system |
13 | 知识管理 | Knowledge Management |
14 | 信息管理 | Information Management |
15 | 积极倾听 | Active Listening |
16 | 领导力 | Leadership Skills |
17 | 人际交往 | Networking |
18 | 大局观 | Big Picture |
19 | 数据分析 | Data Analytical |
20 | 备选方案分析 | Alternative analysis |
21 | 成本效益分析 | Cost-benefit analysis |
22 | 挣值分析 | Earned Value analysis |
23 | 根本原因分析 | Root Cause Analysis |
24 | 趋势分析 | Trend analysis |
25 | 偏差分析 | Variance analysis |
26 | 决策 | Decision |
27 | 变更控制工具 | Change control tools |
28 | 识别配置项 | Identify Configuration Items |
29 | 记录并报告配置项状态 | Records and reports the status of configuration items |
30 | 进行配置项核实与审计 | Verify and audit configuration items |
31 | 识别变更 | Identify changes |
32 | 记录变更 | Changed record |
33 | 做出变更决定 | Make a change decision |
34 | 跟踪变更 | Track changes |
35 | 投票 | Vote |
36 | 独裁型决策制定 | Authoritarian decision-making |
37 | 多标准决策分析 | Multi-criteria decision analysis |
38 | 文件分析 | Document analysis |
39 | 回归分析 | Regression Analysis |
40 | 问卷调查 | Questionnaires and surveys |
41 | 标杆对照 | Benchmarking |
42 | 数据表现 | Data Representation |
43 | 亲和图 | Affinity Diagrams |
44 | 思维导图 | Mind-Mapping |
45 | 名义小组技术 | Nominal Group Technique |
46 | 观察和交谈 | observation and conversation |
47 | 系统交互图 | Context diagrams |
48 | 原型法 | Prototypes |
49 | 产品分析 | Product analysis |
50 | 分解 | Decomposition |
51 | 检查 | Inspection |
52 | 滚动式规划 | Rolling wave planning |
53 | 紧前关系绘图法 | Precedence diagramming method (PDM ) |
54 | 箭线图法 | Arrow diagramming method (ADM) |
55 | 确定和整合依赖关系 | Identify and integrate dependencies |
56 | 提前量和滞后量 | Leads and lags |
57 | 强制性依赖关系 | Mandatory Dependency |
58 | 选择性依赖关系 | Discretionary Dependency |
59 | 外部依赖关系 | External Dependency |
60 | 内部依赖关系 | Internal Dependencies |
61 | 类比估算 | Analogous estimating |
62 | 参数估算 | Parametric estimating |
63 | 三点估算 | Three-point estimating |
64 | 自下而上估算 | Bottom-up estimating |
65 | 储备分析 | Reserve analysis |
66 | 进度网络分析 | Schedule network analysis |
67 | 关键路径法 | Critical path method |
68 | 资源优化 | Resource optimization |
69 | 资源平衡 | Resource Leveling |
70 | 资源平滑 | Resource Smoothing |
71 | 假设情景分析 | What-If Scenario Analysis |
72 | 模拟 | Simulation |
73 | 进度压缩 | Schedule compression |
74 | 快速跟进 | Fast Tracking |
75 | 赶工 | Crashing |
76 | 计划评审技术 | program evaluation and review technique |
77 | 敏捷或适应型发布规划 | Agile or adaptive release planning |
78 | 迭代燃尽图 | Sprint Bum down Chart |
79 | 绩效审查 | Performance Reviews |
80 | 储备分析 | Reserve analysis |
81 | 质量成本 | Cost of quality |
82 | 成本汇总 | Cost aggregation |
83 | 历史信息审核 | Historical information audit |
84 | 资金限制平衡 | Funding limit reconciliation |
85 | 融资 | Financing |
86 | 计划价值 | Planned Value |
87 | 挣值 | Earned value |
88 | 实际成本 | Actual Cost |
89 | 进度偏差 | Schedule Variance |
90 | 成本偏差 | Cost Variance |
91 | 进度绩效指数 | Schedule Performance Index |
92 | 成本绩效指数 | Cost Performance Index |
93 | 图表 | chart |
94 | 预测 | Forecast |
95 | 完工尚需绩效指数 | To-complete performance index (TCPI) |
96 | 决策技术 | Decision-Making Techniques |
97 | 流程图 | Flowchart |
98 | 逻辑数据模型 | Logical Data Model |
99 | 矩阵图 | Matrix Diagrams |
100 | 测试与检查的规划 | Planning of tests and inspections |
101 | 过程分析 | Process analysis |
102 | 因果图 | Cause and Effect Diagram |
103 | 直方图 | Histogram |
104 | 散点图 | Scatter Diagram |
105 | 审计 | Audits |
106 | 面向X的设计 | Design fbr X |
107 | 问题解决 | problem solving |
108 | 质量改进方法 | Quality improvement methods |
109 | 核查表 | Checksheets |
110 | 统计抽样 | Statistical sampling |
111 | 测试 | 产品评估 Test product evaluation |
112 | 控制图 | Control Chart |
113 | 工作分解结构 | Work Breakdown Structure (WBS ) |
114 | 组织分解结构 | Organizational Breakdown Structure (OBS ) |
115 | 资源分解结构 | Resource Breakdown Structure |
116 | 组织理论 | Organizational theory |
117 | 职能经理 | Functional Manager |
118 | 执行组织中的其他项目管理团队 | Executes other project management teams in the organization |
119 | 外部组织和供应商 | External organizations and vendors |
120 | 预分派 | Pre-assignment |
121 | 虚拟团队 | Virtual teams |
122 | 集中办公 | Colocation |
123 | 沟通技术 | Communication technology |
124 | 共享门户 | Share the portal |
125 | 视频会议 | Videoconferencing |
126 | 音频会议 | Audio conferencing |
127 | 电子邮件/聊天软件 | Email chat software |
128 | 影响力 | Influence |
129 | 激励 | Incentive |
130 | 谈判 | Negotiation |
131 | 团队建设 | Team-building |
132 | 认可与鼓励 | Recognition and rewards |
133 | 培训 | Training |
134 | 个人和团队评估 | Individual and team assessments |
135 | 制定决策 | decision making |
136 | 情商 | Emotional Intelligence |
137 | 影响 | Influence |
138 | 沟通需求分析 | Communication requirements analysis |
139 | 沟通模型 | Communication models |
140 | 沟通方法 | Communication methods |
141 | 互动式沟通 | Interactive communication |
142 | 推式沟通 | Push Communication |
143 | 拉式沟通 | Pull communication |
144 | 沟通风格评估 | Communication Styles Assessment |
145 | 政策意识 | Policy awareness |
146 | 文化意识 | cultural awareness |
147 | 沟通技能 | Communication skills |
148 | 项目报告 | Project paper |
149 | 沟通胜任力 | Communication competence |
150 | 反馈 | feedback |
151 | 非口头技能 | Non-verbal skills |
152 | 演示 | Demo |
153 | 核查单 | Checklist |
154 | 假设条件和制约因素分析 | Analysis of assumptions and constraints |
155 | SWOT分析 | SWOT analysis |
156 | 提示清单 | Cue List |
157 | 风险数据质量评估 | Risk data quality assessment |
158 | 风险概率和影响评估 | Risk probability and impact assessment |
159 | 风险分类 | Risk categorization |
160 | 概率和影响矩阵 | Probability and impact matrix |
161 | 不确定性表现形式 | Manifestations of uncertainty |
162 | 敏感性分析 | Sensitivity Analysis |
163 | 决策树分析 | Decision Tree Analysis |
164 | 威胁应对策略 | Strategies for threats |
165 | 上报、 规避、 转移、 减轻、 接受 | Escalation> Avoid、 Mitigate> TransferA Accept |
166 | 机会应对策略 | Strategies for chance |
167 | 应急应对策略 | Contingent response strategies |
168 | 上报、开拓、分享、提高、接受 | Escalation > Exploit > Share > Enhance > Accept |
169 | 整体项目风险应对策略 | Strategies for Overall project risks |
170 | 技术绩效分析 | Technical performance Analysis |
171 | 供方选择分析 | Supply-side selection analysis |
172 | 最低成本 | Minimum cost |
173 | 仅凭资质 | Qualifications alone |
174 | 基于质量或技术方案得分 | Score based on quality or technical solutions |
175 | 基于质量和成本 | Based on quality and cost |
176 | 唯一来源 | Single-source source |
177 | 固定预算 | Fixed budget |
178 | 广告 | Advertising |
179 | 投标人会议 | Bidder conference |
180 | 索赔管理 | Claims administration |
181 | 干系人分析、 | Stakeholder analysis |
182 | 权力利益方格 | Power interest square |
183 | 干系人立方体 | Stake Cube |
184 | 凸显模型 | Highlight the model |
185 | 影响方向 | Influence direction |
186 | 优先级排序 | Prioritization |
187 | 干系人参与度评估矩阵 | Stakeholder engagement assessment matrix |
188 | 观察和交谈 | observation and conversation |
189 | 基本原则 | Ground rules |
2.5 输入和输出汇总
序号 | 中文 | 英文 |
1 | 立项管理文件 | Project management documents |
2 | 协议 | Agreements |
3 | 事业环境因素 | Enterprise environmental factors |
4 | 组织过程资产 | Organizational process assets |
5 | 项目章程 | Project charter |
6 | 假设日志 | Assumption Log |
7 | 其他知识领域规划过程的输出 | Output ofthe planning process for other laiowledge areas |
8 | 项目管理计划 | Project management plan |
9 | 子管理计划 | Sub-management plan |
10 | 基准 | baseline |
11 | 其他组件 | Other components |
12 | 项目文件 | Project documents |
13 | 批准的变更请求 | Approved change requests |
14 | 需求跟踪矩阵 | Requirements traceability matrix |
15 | 风险登记册 | Risk register |
16 | 风险报告 | Risk Report |
17 | 里程碑清单 | Milestone list |
18 | 项目进度计划 | Project schedule |
19 | 项目沟通记录 | Project communications records |
20 | 经验教训登记册 | Lessons Learned Register |
21 | 变更日志 | Change log |
22 | 可交付成果 | Deliverables |
23 | 工作绩效数据 | Work performance data |
24 | 问题日志 | Issue log |
25 | 变更请求 | Change Request |
26 | 纠正措施 | Corrective Action |
27 | 预防措施 | Preventive Action |
28 | 缺陷措施 | Defective Action |
29 | 更新 | Update |
30 | 活动清单 | Activity list |
31 | 需求文件 | Requirements documentation |
32 | 干系人登记册 | Stakeholder register |
33 | 资源分解结构 | Resource breakdown structure |
34 | 项目团队派工单 | The project team dispatches work orders |
35 | 供方选择标准 | Source selection criteria |
36 | 人事管理制度 | Personnel management system |
37 | 组织对沟通的要求 | The organizations requirements for communication |
38 | 估算依据 | Basis of Estimates |
39 | 成本预测 | Cost forecasts |
40 | 进度预测 | Schedule forecasts |
41 | 质量报告 | Quality Report |
42 | 工作绩效信息 | Work performance information |
43 | 工作绩效报告 | Work performance reports |
44 | 变更需求 | Change Requirements |
45 | 缺陷补救 | Defect Repair |
46 | 变更管理计划 | Change management plan |
47 | 配置管理计划 | Configuration Management Plan |
48 | 范围基准 | Scope baseline |
49 | 进度基准 | Schedule baseline |
50 | 成本基准 | Cost baseline |
51 | 质量控制测量结果 | Quality control measurements |
52 | 验收的可交付成果 | Accepted deliverables |
53 | 采购文档 | Procurement Documentation |
54 | 配置管理知识库 | Configure the management Repository |
55 | 最终产品、 | 服务或成果 Final product, service, or result |
56 | 项目最终报告 | Final report of the project |
57 | 运营和支持文件 | Operations and support documentation |
58 | 项目或阶段收尾文件 | Project or phase closure documents |
59 | 经验教训知识库 | Lessons Learned Repository |
60 | 质量管理计划 | Quality management plan |
61 | 项目生命周期描述 | Project lifecycle description |
62 | 开发方法 | Development Approach |
63 | 范围管理计划 | Scope management plan |
64 | 需求管理计划 | Requirements management plan |
65 | 干系人参与计划 | Stakeholder participate plan |
66 | 业务需求 | business Requirement |
67 | 干系人需求 | Stakeholder Requirement |
68 | 解决方案需求 | Solution Requirement |
69 | 过渡和就绪需求 | Transition and readiness Requirement |
70 | 项目需求 | Project Requirement |
71 | 质量需求 | Quality Requirement |
72 | 项目范围说明书 | Project scope statement |
73 | 产品范围描述 | Product Scope Description |
74 | 验收标准 | Acceptance Criteria |
75 | 项目的除外责任 | Project Exclusions |
76 | 规划包 | Planning Package |
77 | 工作包 | Work Package |
78 | 核实的可交付成果 | Validated deliverables |
79 | 绩效测量基准 | Performance Measurement Baseline (PMB ) |
80 | 进度管理计划 | Schedule Management Plan |
81 | 项目进度模型 | Project schedule model |
82 | 进度计划的发布和迭代长度 | Release and iteration length ofthe schedule |
83 | 准确度 | Accuracy |
84 | 计量单位 | Unit of measure |
85 | 工作分解结构 | Work Breakdown Structure (WBS ) |
86 | 项目进度模型维护 | Project schedule model maintenance |
87 | 控制临界值 | Control critical values |
88 | 绩效测量规则 | Performance measurement rules |
89 | 报告格式 | Report format |
90 | 活动属性 | Activity attributes |
91 | 项目进度网络图 | Project schedule network diagrams |
92 | 资源需求 | Resource Requirement |
93 | 资源分解结构 | Resource breakdown structure |
94 | 资源日历 | Resource calendars |
95 | 持续时间估算 | Duration Estimates |
96 | 横道图 | Bar Chart |
97 | 里程碑图 | Milestone chart |
98 | 进度数据 | Schedule data |
99 | 项目日历 | Project calendars |
100 | 风险管理计划 | Risk management plan |
101 | 成本管理计划 | Cost Management Plan |
102 | 精确度 | precision |
103 | 组织程序链接 | Organize program links |
104 | 成本估算 | Cost Estimates |
105 | 可行性研究文件 | Feasibility study documents |
106 | 可行性研究报告 | Feasibility study report |
107 | 项目评估报告 | Project evaluation report |
108 | 项目资金需求 | Project funding requirements |
109 | 质量测量指标 | Quality metrics |
110 | 测试与评估文件 | Test and Evaluation Documents |
111 | 资源管理计划 | Resource Management Plan |
112 | 识别资源 | Identify the resource |
113 | 获取资源 | Acquire Resources |
114 | 角色与职责 | Roles and responsibilities |
115 | 项目组织图 | Project Organization Chart |
116 | 项目团队资源管理 | Project team resource management |
117 | 团队建设 | Team building |
118 | 认可计划 | Accreditation Program |
119 | 团队章程 | Team Charter |
120 | 资源需求 | Resource Requirements |
121 | 采购管理计划 | Procurement Management Plan |
122 | 物质资源分配单 | Material resource allocation sheet |
123 | 团队绩效评价 | Team performance assessments |
124 | 沟通管理计划 | Communications management plan |
125 | 风险管理策略 | Risk management strategies |
126 | 方法论 | Methodology |
127 | 资金 | Funding |
128 | 时间安排 | Timing |
129 | 风险类别 | Risk Category |
130 | 干系人风险偏好 | Stakeholder risk appetite |
131 | 风险概率和影响 | Risk probability and impact |
132 | 跟踪 | Traceability |
133 | 风险应对建议 | Risk response recommendations |
134 | 总价合同 | Fixed-Price Contract |
135 | 成本补偿合同 | Cost-Reimbursable Contract |
136 | 工料合同 | Time and Material Contract (T&M ) |
137 | 采购策略 | Procurement Strategy |
138 | 交付方法 | Delivery method |
139 | 合同支付类型 | Contract payment type |
140 | 采购阶段 | Procurement phase |
141 | 采购工作说明书 | Procurement statement of work |
142 | 招标文件 | Bid Documents |
143 | 信息邀请书 | Request for Information (RFI) |
144 | 报价邀请书 | Request fbr Quotation (RFQ) |
145 | 建议邀请书 | Request for Proposal (RFP ) |
146 | 自制或外购决策 | Make-or-buy decisions |
147 | 独立成本估算 | Independent cost estimates |
148 | 卖方建议书 | Seller Proposals |
149 | 选定的卖方 | Selected sellers |
150 | 采购关闭 | Procurement is closed |
151 | 支付计划和请求 | Payment Schedules and Requests |
152 | 卖方绩效评估文件 | Seller performance evaluation documents |
153 | 预审合格卖方清单更新 | Pre-qualified seller list update |
154 | 采购档案 | Procurement dossier |
155 | 身份信息 | Identity Information |
156 | 干系人分类 | Stakeholder classification |
157 | 评估信息 | Evaluate information |
158 | 项目管理计划更新 | Project management plan updates |
159 | 项目文件更新 | Project documents updates |
160 | 组织过程资产更新 | Organizational process assets updates |
161 | 事业环境因素更新 | Enterprise environmental factors updates |
162 | 采购文档更新 | Procurement Documentation updates |