运行playbook的方式

ansible-playbook <filename.yml> ... [options]

常见选项

--check -C 只检测可能会发生的改变，但不真正执行操作
--list-hosts 列出运行任务的主机
--list-tags 列出tag
--list-tasks 列出task
--limit 主机列表 只针对主机列表中的主机执行
-v -vv -vvv 显示过程

ansible-playbook file.yml --check 只检测
ansible-playbook file.yml
ansible-playbook file.yml --limit websrvs

示例-安装httpd

---
- hosts: web
  remote_user: root
  tasks:
  - name: "安装Apache"
    yum: name=httpd
  - name: "复制配置文件"
    copy: src=/tmp/httpd.conf dest=/etc/httpd/conf/
  - name: "复制配置文件"
    copy: src=/tmp/vhosts.conf dest=/etc/httpd/conf.cd/
  - name: "启动Apache，并设置开机启动"
    service: name=httpd state=started enabled=yes

示例-设置用户sysuser.yml

---
- hosts: all
  remote_user: root
  tasks:
  - name: create mysql user
    user: name=mysql system=yes uid=36
  - name: create a group
    group: name=httpd system=yes

Handlers使用

- hosts: websrvs
  remote_user: root
  tasks:
  - name: add group nginx
    tags: user
    user: name=nginx state=present
  - name: add user nginx
    user: name=nginx state=present group=nginx
  - name: Install Nginx
    yum: name=nginx state=present
  - name: config
    copy: src=/root/config.txt dest=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
    notify:
      - Restart Nginx
      - Check Nginx Process
  handlers:
  - name: Restart Nginx
    service: name=nginx state=restarted enabled=yes
  - name: Check Nginx process
    shell: killall -0 nginx > /tmp/nginx.log

tags使用

- hosts: websrvs
  remote_user: root
  tasks:
  - name: Install httpd
    yum: name=httpd state=present
  - name: Install configure file
    copy: src=files/httpd.conf dest=/etc/httpd/conf/
    tags: conf
  - name: start httpd service
    tags: service
    service: name=httpd state=started enabled=yes

示例：使用setup变量

- hosts: web
  remote_user: root
  tasks:
  - name: create log file
    file: name=/var/log/ {{ ansible_fqdn }} state=touch
ansible-playbook var.yml

示例-用户添加

- hosts: websrvs
  remote_user: root
  vars:
  - username: user1
  - groupname: group1
  tasks:
  - name: create group
    group: name={{ groupname }} state=present
  - name: create user
    user: name={{ username }} state=present
ansible-playbook user.yml
ansible-playbook -e "username=user2 groupname=group2” var2.yml

组变量是指赋予给指定组内所有主机上的在playbook中可用的变量

[websrvs:vars]
ntp_server=ntp.magedu.com
nfs_server=nfs.magedu.com

普通变量

[websrvs]
192.168.99.101 http_port=8080 hname=www1
192.168.99.102 http_port=80 hname=www2

公共（组）变量

[websvrs:vars]
http_port=808
mark=“_”
[websrvs]
192.168.99.101 http_port=8080 hname=www1
192.168.99.102 http_port=80 hname=www2
ansible websvrs –m hostname –a ‘name={{ hname }}{{ mark }}{{ http_port }}’

使用变量文件

vim vars.yml
var1: httpd
var2: nginx
vim var.yml
- hosts: web
  remote_user: root
  vars_files:
  - vars.yml
  tasks:
  - name: create httpd log
    file: name=/app/{{ var1 }}.log state=touch
  - name: create nginx log
    file: name=/app/{{ var2 }}.log state=touch