Oracle rman 命令总结

--登录rman rman target / rman target sys/passwork rman target sys/passwork nocatalog (控制文件方式) rman target sys/passwork catalog (恢复目录方式)

--查看参数 show all

--修改保存天数 用sqlplus修改备份信息在控制文件中保留的天数 show parameter control_file_record_keep_time

alter system set control_file_record_keep_time=30 scope=spfile shutdown immediate startup

--rman数据库冷备份 shutdown immediate; startup mount; backup database format='/u01/backup/rman/%d_%T_%s.bak'; alter database open; sql 'alter system archive log current';

--rman数据库热备份 backup database format='/u01/backup/rman/%d_%T_%s.bak'; sql 'alter system archive log current';

--备份表空间 backup tablespace emp；

--备份数据文件 backup datafile '/u01/mytest.dbf'; backup datafile 5 format='/u01/backup/rman/%N_%s.dbf';

--备份归档日志 backup archivelog all backup archivelog from time 'sysdate-1' backup archivelog from sequence 400 backup archivelog all delete input backup archivelog from sequence 400 delete input

format='/u01/backup/rman/ar%T_%s.arc' --指定路径 %T 日期

--备份过去一天的归档文件 backup format='/u01/backup/rman/ar%d_%s.arc' archivelog from time='sysdate-1' until time='sysdate';

--备份数据文件和归档日志 backup format='/u01/backup/rman/t%d_%s.bak' tablespace emp plus archivelog;

--备份控制文件 backup current controlfile format='/u01/backup/rman/%d_%s.ctl';

--备份spfile backup spfile format='/u01/backup/rman/spf%d_%s.par';

--压缩备份集 backup as compressed backupset tablespace emp;

--建立控制文件映像副本 copy current controlfile to '/u01/backup/rman/dbtest.ctl'; backup as copy format='/u01/backup/rman/dbtest01.ctl' current controlfile;

--建立数据文件映像副本 backup as copy format='/u01/backup/rman/8.dbf' datafile 8;

--rman维护命令 list backup --列出全部的备份信息 list backup of database --列出数据库备份 list backup of tablespace emp --列出指定的表空间备份 list backup of datafile 5 --列出指定的数据文件备份 list backup of controlfile --列出控制文件备份 list backup of spfile --列出spfile备份 list archivelog all --列出归档日志 list backup of archivelog all --列出归档日志的备份

list backup of database summary --列出可用的备份 list backup of tablespace emp summary --关于表空间的备份 list backup by file --按文件类型列出备份 list expired backup of archivelog all summary --失效的备份

report obsolete --查看过期的 delete obsolete --删除过期的

list recoverable backup of database --列出有效的备份 list expired backup --列出失效的备份

list expired backup of archivelog all --列出失效的归档日志备份 list expired backup of archivelog until sequence 5 --列出指定序列号的失效归档日志备份 list expired backup of archivelog until time "to_date('2012-6-30','yyyy-mm-dd')"
--列出指定时间的失效归档日志备份备份

list copy --列出映像文件副本
list copy of database list copy of tablespace emp list copy of datafile 6 list copy of archivelog all list copy of controfile

report schema report need backup --列出需要备份的 report need backup days 2 database --列出超过2天没有备份的

mount状态下 list incarnation; reset database to incarnation 980;

--删除失效文件 删除失效备份 crosscheck backup(copy,archivelog all); delete expired backup(copy,archivelog all);

删除失效日志 crosscheck archivelog all;
delete expired archivelog all;

crosscheck backup of tablespace sysaux --检查表空间备份 crosscheck backup of datafile 2 --检查数据文件2备份 crosscheck backup of controlfile --检查控制文件备份 crosscheck backup of spfile --检查spfile crosscheck backup of copy --检查copy crosscheck backup completed after 'sysdate-2' --当前时间前2天的备份

crosscheck copy of database crosscheck copy of tablespace emp crosscheck copy of controlfile crosscheck copy of spfile

list backup summary --获得主键 validate backupset 16 --验证备份集16的有效性 change --修改备份状态 change backupset 16 unavailable change backupset 16 available change archivelog '/u01/backup/rman/***.log' unavailable

change backupset 16 delete --删除备份集16(同步删除) delete expired backupset(archivelog all); --删除失效

delete expired --删除失效备份 delete obsolete --删除旧于备份策略日期（过期）的备份

--恢复检查 restore database validate; validate backupset 218;

restore database preview; restore tablespace users preview; restore datafile 5 preview;

--命令块 run{ 2> shutdown immediate; 3> startup mount; 4> allocate channel d1 type disk; 5> backup as backupset database 6> format='/u01/backup/rman/%d_%T.bak'; 7> alter database open; 8> sql 'alter system archive log current'; 9> }

select * from v$log; select * from v$archived_log; select * from v$backup_redolog;

--恢复顾问 list failure --诊断错误 advise failure --建议 repair failure --修复(数据文件和控制文件)

--rman下对数据文件重命名 run{ 2> sql 'alter tablespace yesorno offline'; 3> set newname for datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/yesorno.dbf' 4> to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/yesorno01.dbf'; 5> restore tablespace yesorno; 6> switch datafile all; 7> recover tablespace yesorno; 8> sql 'alter tablespace yesorno online'; }

--rman下对数据文件移动 run{ 2> sql 'alter tablespace yesorno offline'; 3> set newname for datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/yesorno01.dbf' 4> to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dbtest/yesorno01.dbf'; 5> restore tablespace yesorno; 6> switch datafile all; 7> recover tablespace yesorno; 8> sql 'alter tablespace yesorno online'; }