- DHCP工作原理图
- DHCP关键知识点
- DHCP服务器数据传输的端口为UDP67
- DHCP客户机数据传输的端口为UDP68
- 客户机的源IP地址为:0.0.0.0
- 客户机的目的IP地址:255.255.255.255
- DHCP过程详解
- 发现阶段(discover):DHCP客户机获取网络中DHCP服务器信息的阶段(广播报文)
- 提供阶段(offer):DHCP SERVER向DHCP客户机提供预分配IP地址(单播报文)
- 选择阶段(request):DHCP客户机选择IP地址的阶段。(广播报文)
- 确认阶段(ack):DHCP服务器确认分配DHCP客户端IP地址的阶段。(单播报文)
- 再次选择阶段(renew):DHCP客户机租约到期前,租约期50%时,申请一次,如果续约成功后,正常使用;续约失败,租约期87.5%时,再次申请,如果续约成功,正常使用;续约失败,租约到期后,自动断网。
- 再次确认阶段:DHCP服务器再次确认分配DHCP客户机IP地址。
- 实例
配置:<LSW2>display current-configuration
#
sysname LSW2
#
vlan batch 10 20 30
#
cluster enable
ntdp enable
ndp enable
#
drop illegal-mac alarm
#
dhcp enable //注意需要开启dhcp enable,默认是关闭
#
diffserv domain default
#
drop-profile default
#
ip pool vlan10
gateway-list 10.1.1.1
network 10.1.1.0 mask 255.255.255.240
excluded-ip-address 10.1.1.8
dns-list 8.8.8.8 114.114.114.114
#
aaa
authentication-scheme default
authorization-scheme default
accounting-scheme default
domain default
domain default_admin
local-user admin password simple admin
local-user admin service-type http
#
interface Vlanif1
#
interface Vlanif10
ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.240
dhcp select global
#
interface MEth0/0/1
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
port link-type access
port default vlan 10
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
port link-type access
port default vlan 10
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/4
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/5
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/6
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/7
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/8
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/9
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/10
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/11
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/12
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/13
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/14
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/15
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/16
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/17
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/18
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/19
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/20
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/21
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/22
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/23
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/24
#
interface NULL0
#
user-interface con 0
user-interface vty 0 4
#
return
注意:本例用了使用为全局:dhcp select global