一：自建yum仓库的本地源（Centos8为例）
1.1 在/var/www/html创建目录
[root@hhw- html]#mkdir centos/8 -pv
mkdir: created directory 'centos'
mkdir: created directory 'centos/8'
[root@hhw- html]#tree 验证目录是否创建
.
└── centos
└── 8
2 directories, 0 files
1.2 挂载光驱到/var/www/html/centos/8
[root@hhw- 8]#mount /dev/sr0 /var/www/html/centos/8
mount: /var/www/html/centos/8: WARNING: device write-protected, mounted read-only.
[root@hhw- 8]#lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sr0 11:0 1 8.6G 0 rom /var/www/html/centos/8
1.3 这时已经可以正常访问了
[root@hhw- 8]#ls
AppStream BaseOS EFI images isolinux LICENSE media.repo TRANS.TBL
[root@hhw- 8]#pwd
/var/www/html/centos/8
浏览器也可以看到
1.4 为另一台Centos8添加本地yum的私有仓库
[root@hhw832 yum.repos.d]#vim base.repo
[BaseOS]
name=BaseOS
#baseurl=https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos/$releasever/BaseOS/$basearch/os
baseurl=http://10.0.0.150:8080/centos/8/BaseOS #添加本地源
gpgcheck=0
[AppStream]
name=AppStream
#baseurl=https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos/$releasever/AppStream/$basearch/os
baseurl=http://10.0.0.150:8080/centos/8/AppStream ##添加本地源
gpgcheck=0
[root@hhw832 yum.repos.d]#yum clean all 清楚缓存
0 files removed
[root@hhw832 yum.repos.d]#yum repolist
repo id repo name
AppStream AppStream
BaseOS BaseOS
1.5 测试是否能正常yum
[root@hhw832 yum.repos.d]#yum list vsftpd
Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:47 ago on Tue 19 Apr 2022 12:46:39 PM CST.
Available Packages
vsftpd.x86_64 3.0.3-32.el8 AppStream
[root@hhw832 yum.repos.d]#yum -y install vsftpd #速度非常快
Last metadata expiration check: 0:01:09 ago on Tue 19 Apr 2022 12:46:39 PM CST.
Dependencies resolved.
========================================================================================================
Package Architecture Version Repository Size
========================================================================================================
Installing:
vsftpd x86_64 3.0.3-32.el8 AppStream 180 k
Transaction Summary
========================================================================================================
Install 1 Package
Total download size: 180 k
Installed size: 343 k
Downloading Packages:
vsftpd-3.0.3-32.el8.x86_64.rpm 41 MB/s | 180 kB 00:00
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 18 MB/s | 180 kB 00:00
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
Preparing : 1/1
Installing : vsftpd-3.0.3-32.el8.x86_64 1/1
Running scriptlet: vsftpd-3.0.3-32.el8.x86_64 1/1
Verifying : vsftpd-3.0.3-32.el8.x86_64 1/1
Installed:
vsftpd-3.0.3-32.el8.x86_64
Complete!
二：自建yum仓库的网络源（Centos8为例）
2.1首先在服务端配置好epel源
[root@hhw- 8]#cat /etc/yum.repos.d/base.repo
[epel]
name=EPEL
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/$releasever/Everything/$basearch
http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com//epel/$releasever/Everything/$basearch
http://repo.huaweicloud.com/epel/$releasever/Everything/$basearch
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
2.2 在服务端下载包和元数据
[root@hhw- html]#dnf reposync --repoid=epel --download-metadata -p /var/www/html
2.3 查看目录
[root@hhw- html]#cd epel/
[root@hhw- epel]#ls
Packages repodata
[root@hhw- epel]#tree
.
├── Packages
│ ├── 3
│ │ └── 3proxy-0.8.13-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
│ ├── a
│ │ ├── aalib-1.4.0-0.37.rc5.el8.x86_64.rpm
│ │ ├── aalib-devel-1.4.0-0.37.rc5.el8.x86_64.rpm
│ │ ├── aalib-libs-1.4.0-0.37.rc5.el8.x86_64.rpm
…………
2.4 给客户端配置epel源
[root@hhw832 yum.repos.d]#vi /etc/yum.repos.d/base.repo
[epel]
name=EPEL
baseurl=http://10.0.0.150:8080/epel
2.5 测试
[root@hhw832 yum.repos.d]#yum repolist -v
Loaded plugins: builddep, changelog, config-manager, copr, debug, debuginfo-install, download, generate_completion_cache, needs-restarting, playground, repoclosure, repodiff, repograph, repomanage, reposync
YUM version: 4.2.23
cachedir: /var/cache/dnf
BaseOS 3.8 MB/s | 3.9 kB 00:00
AppStream 2.3 MB/s | 4.3 kB 00:00
EPEL 235 MB/s | 11 MB 00:00
extras 34 kB/s | 11 kB 00:00
…………
Repo-id : epel
Repo-name : EPEL
Repo-revision : 1650230875
Repo-updated : Mon 18 Apr 2022 05:34:54 AM CST
Repo-pkgs : 8,517
Repo-available-pkgs: 8,517
Repo-size : 12 G
Repo-baseurl : http://10.0.0.150:8080/epel
Repo-expire : 172,800 second(s) (last: Tue 19 Apr 2022 01:10:39 PM CST)
Repo-filename : /etc/yum.repos.d/base.repo
上面可以看到成功获取到epel源
三：编译安装http2.4。
3.1 下载httpd安装包
wget https://dlcdn.apache.org/httpd/httpd-2.4.53.tar.bz2
3.2 解压并且进入目录
tar xvf httpd-2.4.53.tar.bz2
cd httpd-2.4.53/
3.3 执行configuer
[root@hhw832 httpd-2.4.53]#./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd --enable-ssl
……
checking for APR... no
configure: error: APR not found. Please read the documentation.
发现有个报错，下载apr-devel包，并且重新执行configure
[root@hhw832 httpd-2.4.53]#yum -y install apr-devel
[root@hhw832 httpd-2.4.53]#./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd --enable-ssl
checking for APR-util... no
configure: error: APR-util not found. Please read the documentation.
发现报错，下载apr-util-devel的包，重新执行
[root@hhw832 httpd-2.4.53]#yum -y install apr-util-devel
checking for gcc... gcc
checking whether the C compiler works... no
configure: error: in `/data/httpd-2.4.53':
configure: error: C compiler cannot create executables
See `config.log' for more details
下载gcc然后重新执行
[root@hhw832 httpd-2.4.53]#yum -y install gcc
[root@hhw832 httpd-2.4.53]#./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd --enable-ssl
checking for pcre-config... no
configure: error: pcre(2)-config for libpcre not found. PCRE is required and available from http://pcre.org/
下载pcre-devel，然后重新执行
[root@hhw832 httpd-2.4.53]#yum -y install pcre-devel
[root@hhw832 httpd-2.4.53]#./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd --enable-ssl
checking for OpenSSL version >= 0.9.8a... FAILED
configure: WARNING: OpenSSL version is too old
no
checking whether to enable mod_ssl... configure: error: mod_ssl has been requested but can not be built due to prerequisite failures
下载openssl重新执行
[root@hhw832 httpd-2.4.53]#yum -y install openssl-devel
[root@hhw832 httpd-2.4.53]#./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd --enable-ssl
然后无报错后执行make
3.4 执行make和make install
[root@hhw832 httpd-2.4.53]#make
-bash: make: command not found
没有make，下载make后执行
[root@hhw832 httpd-2.4.53]#yum -y install make
[root@hhw832 httpd-2.4.53]#make
gcc: error: /usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-hardened-ld: No such file or directory
make[4]: *** [/data/httpd-2.4.53/modules/aaa/modules.mk:2: mod_authn_file.la] Error 1
make[4]: Leaving directory '/data/httpd-2.4.53/modules/aaa'
make[3]: *** [/data/httpd-2.4.53/build/rules.mk:117: shared-build-recursive] Error 1
make[3]: Leaving directory '/data/httpd-2.4.53/modules/aaa'
make[2]: *** [/data/httpd-2.4.53/build/rules.mk:117: shared-build-recursive] Error 1
make[2]: Leaving directory '/data/httpd-2.4.53/modules'
make[1]: *** [/data/httpd-2.4.53/build/rules.mk:117: shared-build-recursive] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory '/data/httpd-2.4.53'
make: *** [/data/httpd-2.4.53/build/rules.mk:75: all-recursive] Error 1
发现报错，使用yum provides查找所需要的包
[root@hhw832 httpd-2.4.53]#yum provides /usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-hardened-ld
Last metadata expiration check: 0:11:54 ago on Tue 19 Apr 2022 10:57:02 AM CST.
redhat-rpm-config-125-1.el8.noarch : Red Hat specific rpm configuration files
Repo : AppStream
Matched from:
Filename : /usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-hardened-ld
下载redhat-rpm-config-125-1.el8.noarch后重新执行make
[root@hhw832 httpd-2.4.53]#yum -y install redhat-rpm-config-125-1.el8.noarch
[root@hhw832 httpd-2.4.53]#make
没有报错执行make install
[root@hhw832 httpd-2.4.53]#make install
3.5 配置环境变量并且启动服务验证
[root@hhw832 bin]#echo 'PATH=/apps/httpd/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
[root@hhw832 bin]#. /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
[root@hhw832 bin]#apachectl start
浏览器验证：
四：ubuntu软件管理工具apt用法总结
下载[root@ubuntu httpd-2.4.53]#apt -y install tree
卸载[root@ubuntu httpd-2.4.53]#apt remove tree 使用此条命令配置文件还在如果需要完全删除加上加--purge
更新包索引[root@ubuntu httpd-2.4.53]#apt update 类似yum clean
列出仓库包[root@ubuntu httpd-2.4.53]#apt list
查看文件来自哪个包[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#apt-file search -x '/sl$' 要先下载apt-file
查看包的详细信息[root@ubuntu httpd-2.4.53]#apt show wget
查看仓库中的软件版本[root@ubuntu httpd-2.4.53]##apt-cache madison docker-ce
五：sed命令用法
利用sed 取出ifconfig命令中本机的IPv4地址
[root@hhw- profile.d]#ifconfig ens160|sed -r -n 's/.*inet ([0-9.]+) netmask.*/\1/p'
10.0.0.150
删除/etc/fstab文件中所有以#开头，后面至少跟一个空白字符的行的行首的#和空白字符
[root@hhw- profile.d]#cat /etc/fstab |sed -r 's@^#[[:blank:]]+@@g'
处理/etc/fstab路径,使用sed命令取出其目录名和基名
[root@hhw- profile.d]#echo /etc/fstab |sed -r -n 's@(/.*/)(.*)@\1@p'
/etc/
[root@hhw- profile.d]#echo /etc/fstab |sed -r -n 's@(/.*/)(.*)@\2@p'
fstab
