Oracle修改数据库名db_name 方法及(db_unique_name, servie_names,db_domain修改方法)

 

前提:

备份参数文件、控制文件、用户口令文件、参数文件、tnsnames.ora(个人习惯:什么工作都会备份为先)

 

实际操作方法:

1、 备份文本控制文件,并修改、编写新的生成控制文件SQL

2、 vi pfile,修改db_name,dispatchers成你需要的数据库名

3、 关闭数据库(shutdown immedaite)

4、 开启数据库nomount(startup nomount pfile=’xxx’;)

5、 使用编写好的控制文件SQL生成新的控制文件

6、 添加临时文件

7、 修改用户口令文件、tnsnames.ora、并使用远程登陆数据库验证

 

操作方法记录如下:

1、

备份文本控制文件

sys@TEST> alter database backup controlfile to trace as '/home/ora/control.ctl';
Database altered.

编写建立新控制文件SQL

--     Set #2. RESETLOGS case

把CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE

修改成CREATE CONTROLFILE SET DATABASE "DOUDOU" RESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG

删除下面一行

#RECOVER DATABASE USING BACKUP CONTROLFILE

因为我们是shutdown immediate关闭数据库,没有必要恢复SCN了!shutdown immediate会checkpoint ,所有的数据文件SCN都会一致

 

生成新的控制文件SQL如下:

CREATE CONTROLFILE SET DATABASE "DOUDOU" RESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG
    MAXLOGFILES 16
    MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
    MAXDATAFILES 100
    MAXINSTANCES 8
    MAXLOGHISTORY 292
LOGFILE
  GROUP 1 '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/redo01.log'  SIZE 50M,
  GROUP 2 '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/redo02.log'  SIZE 50M,
  GROUP 3 '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/redo03.log'  SIZE 50M
DATAFILE
  '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/system01.dbf',
  '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs1.dbf',
  '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/sysaux01.dbf',
  '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/users01.dbf',
  '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/perfstat.dbf',
  '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/doudou.dbf',
  '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/doudou_index.dbf',
  '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/maclean.dbf',
  '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/test.dbf',
  '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/gaokao.dbf'
CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8
;

 

2、

修改参数文件

sys@TEST> alter system set db_name='doudou' scope=spfile;
alter system set db_name='doudou' scope=spfile
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-32017: failure in updating SPFILE
ORA-32016: parameter "db_name" cannot be updated in SPFILE

注:db_name不允许直接使用spfile文件修改,所以选择建立pfile,并修改

sys@TEST> create pfile from spfile;

File created.

修改以下2项参数

*.db_name='doudou'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=doudouXDB)'

3、

关闭数据库

sys@TEST> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.

 

4、

Startup nomount开启数据库

SQL> startup nomount pfile='/opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/initdoudou.ora';

SQL> show parameter name

 

NAME                                 TYPE                   VALUE
------------------------------------ ---------------------- ------------------------------
db_file_name_convert                 string
db_name                              string                 doudou
db_unique_name                       string                 doudou
global_names                         boolean                FALSE
instance_name                        string                 test
lock_name_space                      string
log_file_name_convert                string
service_names                        string                 doudou

为什么我们修改了db_name而实例名没有变化呢,因为我们没有设置实例名,这里默认了oracle_sid(这也说明了oracle_sid和实例的关系,实例的唯一标识)

[ora@dg-pp dbs]$ ORACLE_SID=doudou
SQL> startup nomount pfile='/opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/initdoudou.ora';
SQL> show parameter name
NAME                                 TYPE                   VALUE
------------------------------------ ---------------------- ------------------------------
db_file_name_convert                 string
db_name                              string                 doudou
db_unique_name                       string                 doudou
global_names                         boolean                FALSE
instance_name                        string                 doudou
lock_name_space                      string
log_file_name_convert                string
service_names         
Resetlogs开启数据库
Alter database open resetlogs


5、

使用新的控制文件SQL创建新的控制文件

CREATE CONTROLFILE SET DATABASE "DOUDOU" RESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG
    MAXLOGFILES 16
    MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
    MAXDATAFILES 100
    MAXINSTANCES 8
    MAXLOGHISTORY 292
LOGFILE
  GROUP 1 '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/redo01.log'  SIZE 50M,
  GROUP 2 '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/redo02.log'  SIZE 50M,
  GROUP 3 '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/redo03.log'  SIZE 50M
DATAFILE
  '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/system01.dbf',
  '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs1.dbf',
  '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/sysaux01.dbf',
  '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/users01.dbf',
  '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/perfstat.dbf',
  '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/doudou.dbf',
  '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/doudou_index.dbf',
  '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/maclean.dbf',
  '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/test.dbf',
  '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/gaokao.dbf'
CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8
;

执行成功后,数据库为mount状态

 

6、

添加临时文件

col tablespace_name for a30
SQL> select  
TABLESPACE_NAME                SEGMENT_SPAC CONTENTS
------------------------------ ------------ ------------------
TEMP                           MANUAL       TEMPORARY
TEMP01                         MANUAL       TEMPORARY
DOUDOU_TEMP                    MANUAL       TEMPORARY
alter tablespace temp add tempfile '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/temp.dbf' reuse;
alter tablespace temp01 add tempfile '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/temp01.dbf' reuse;
alter tablespace doudou_temp add tempfile '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/doudou_temp.dbf' reuse;

7、

修改用户口令文件,tnsnames.ora

[ora@dg-pp dbs]$ cp orapwtest orapwdoudou
vi  tnsnames.ora
doudou
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dg-pp)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
doudou)
    )
  )

 

使用sqlplus 登陆数据库验证

[ora@dg-pp admin]$ sqlplus sys/oracle@doudou as sysdba (登陆成功)
SQL> col name for a30
SQL> col type for a10
SQL> col value for a20
SQL> show parameter name
 
NAME                                 TYPE       VALUE
------------------------------------ ---------- ------------------------------
db_file_name_convert                 string
db_name                              string     doudou
db_unique_name                       string     doudou
global_names                         boolean    FALSE
instance_name                        string     doudou
lock_name_space                      string
log_file_name_convert                string
service_names                        string     doudou

 

附表:

Db_name                                 ----(只能pfile修改,并重启生效)
Db_domain                               ----(pfile,spfile都可修改,并重启生效)
Db_unique_name                          ----(只能pfile修改,并重启生效)
Service_names                           ----(pfile,spfile都可修改,立刻生效,无需重启)

 

1、db_domain

修改db_domain (spfile启动)

alter system set db_domain='com' scope=spfile;
    重启数据库生效
    shutdown immediate
    startup

 2、db_unique_name

修改db_unique_name(spfile启动)

create pfile from spfile; (创建pfile文件修改db_unique_name)
    vi pfile
    startup pfile='/opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/initdoudou.ora';

3、service_names(spfile启动)

    alter system set service_names='www.xiaoyu.com' ;

   

总结:service_names未设置情况下,service_names=db_unique_name.db_domain;若是设置了service_names时,已service_names为准

 

操作方法记录

1、db_domain 操作方法记录

 

col name for a30
col type for a10
col value for a20
show parameter db_domain
NAME                                 TYPE       VALUE
------------------------------------ ---------- ------------------------------
db_domain                            string
show parameter name
NAME                                 TYPE       VALUE
------------------------------------ ---------- ------------------------------
db_file_name_convert                 string
db_name                              string     doudou
db_unique_name                       string     doudou
global_names                         boolean    FALSE
instance_name                        string     doudou
lock_name_space                      string
log_file_name_convert                string
service_names                        string     doudou
alter system set db_domain='com' scope=spfile;
SQL> show parameter db_domain
NAME                                 TYPE       VALUE
------------------------------------ ---------- ------------------------------
db_domain                            string
SQL> show parameter name
NAME                                 TYPE       VALUE
------------------------------------ ---------- ------------------------------
db_file_name_convert                 string
db_name                              string     doudou
db_unique_name                       string     doudou
global_names                         boolean    FALSE
instance_name                        string     doudou
lock_name_space                      string
log_file_name_convert                string
service_names                        string     doudou

虽然我们修改成功了,但是没有立刻生效,我们重启数据库

shutdown immediate
startup
SQL> show parameter db_domain
NAME                                 TYPE       VALUE
------------------------------------ ---------- ------------------------------
db_domain                            string     com
SQL> show parameter name
NAME                                 TYPE       VALUE
------------------------------------ ---------- ------------------------------
db_file_name_convert                 string
db_name                              string     doudou
db_unique_name                       string     doudou
global_names                         boolean    FALSE
instance_name                        string     doudou
lock_name_space                      string
log_file_name_convert                string
service_names                        string     doudou.com

修改db_domain重启数据库后生效!还有一点需注意service_names自动变为doudou.com也就是说当你设置db_domain时,在不设置service_names的情况下,service_names =db_unique.db_domain (为什么会有这个公式,下面会讲)


2、db_unique_name 操作方法记录

SQL> show parameter name
NAME                                 TYPE       VALUE
------------------------------------ ---------- ------------------------------
db_file_name_convert                 string
db_name                              string     doudou
db_unique_name                       string     doudou
global_names                         boolean    FALSE
instance_name                        string     doudou
lock_name_space                      string
log_file_name_convert                string
service_names                        string     doudou.com
SQL> create pfile from spfile;
vi pfile

添加

db_unique_name=’xiaoyu’

开启数据库

SQL> startup pfile='/opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/initdoudou.ora';
SQL> show parameter db_domain
NAME                                 TYPE       VALUE
------------------------------------ ---------- ------------------------------
db_domain                            string     com
SQL> show parameter name
NAME                                 TYPE       VALUE
------------------------------------ ---------- ------------------------------
db_file_name_convert                 string
db_name                              string     doudou
db_unique_name                       string     xiaoyu
global_names                         boolean    FALSE
instance_name                        string     doudou
lock_name_space                      string
log_file_name_convert                string
service_names                        string     xiaoyu.com

在不设置service_names的情况下,service_names=db_unique_name.db_domain公式了

 

3、service_names操作方法记录

SQL> show parameter db_domain
NAME                                 TYPE       VALUE
------------------------------------ ---------- ------------------------------
db_domain                            string     com
SQL> show parameter name
NAME                                 TYPE       VALUE
------------------------------------ ---------- ------------------------------
db_file_name_convert                 string
db_name                              string     doudou
db_unique_name                       string     xiaoyu
global_names                         boolean    FALSE
instance_name                        string     doudou
lock_name_space                      string
log_file_name_convert                string
service_names                        string     xiaoyu.com
SQL> alter system set service_names='www.xiaoyu.com' ;
SQL> show parameter db_domain
NAME                                 TYPE       VALUE
------------------------------------ ---------- ------------------------------
db_domain                            string     com
SQL> show parameter name
NAME                                 TYPE       VALUE
------------------------------------ ---------- ------------------------------
db_file_name_convert                 string
db_name                              string     doudou
db_unique_name                       string     xiaoyu
global_names                         boolean    FALSE
instance_name                        string     doudou
lock_name_space                      string
log_file_name_convert                string
service_names                        string      www.xiaoyu.com