此次轮播图的实现,先看看效果图:
咱先来分析分析功能:首先是左右切换的按键在右下方;然后是小圆圈在左下方;点击小圆圈可以实现图片切换;图片在切换时被选中的小圆圈会有一个吃东西的小动画。先来看看写出来的成果图:
分析:可以看到,小圆圈的动画效果有两种,一种是自动播放和点击向右滑动按钮的动画,张口在右边;另一种是点击向左滑动的按钮,张口在左边。所以要把这两种动画区分开来。
实现的功能有:
(1)自动播放
(2)点击小圆圈能实现图片切换
(3)鼠标放在图片上停止自动播放
完整代码(含详细注释):
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
* {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
li {
list-style: none;
}
.big_box {
position: relative;
width: 500px;
height: 400px;
margin: 100px auto;
overflow: hidden;
}
.big_box ul {
position: absolute;
left: 0;
width: 700%;
height: 400px;
}
.big_box ul li {
float: left;
}
.big_box ul li img {
width: 500px;
height: 400px;
}
.left,
.right {
position: absolute;
top: 80%;
transform: translateY(-50%);
background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
width: 30px;
height: 30px;
line-height: 30px;
text-align: center;
color: white;
border-radius: 5px;
font-weight: bolder;
}
.left {
right: 50px;
}
.right {
right: 10px;
}
.big_box ol {
position: absolute;
bottom: 0;
/* 这里别给ol限制宽度,让小圆圈的个数自动把ol撑大 */
left: 16%;
transform: translateX(-50%);
height: 10%;
line-height: 10%;
text-align: left;
}
.big_box ol li {
float: left;
width: 15px;
height: 15px;
background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .3);
border-radius: 50%;
margin-left: 5px;
}
.left,
.right,
ol li {
cursor: pointer;
/* z-index: 99; */
}
/*自动播放或者点击向右滑动的按键时的动画,张口在右边*/
.big_box ol .circleAnimation {
margin-top: -2.5px;
width: 20px;
height: 20px;
position: relative;
background-color: transparent;
}
.circleAnimation::before,
.circleAnimation::after {
content: "";
width: 100%;
height: 50%;
background-color: #fff;
}
.circleAnimation::before {
position: absolute;
top: 0;
transform-origin: 50% 100%;
border-radius: 10px 10px 0 0;
animation: animate_top .3s linear 2;
/* transform: rotate(-25deg); */
}
.circleAnimation::after {
position: absolute;
bottom: 0;
transform-origin: 50% 0;
border-radius: 0 0 10px 10px;
animation: animate_bottom .3s linear 2;
/* transform: rotate(25deg); */
}
@keyframes animate_top {
50% {
transform: rotate(-45deg);
}
}
@keyframes animate_bottom {
50% {
transform: rotate(45deg);
}
}
/* 点击向左滑动按钮的动画样式,张口在左边*/
.big_box ol .circleAnimation2 {
margin-top: -2.5px;
width: 20px;
height: 20px;
position: relative;
background-color: transparent;
}
.circleAnimation2::before,
.circleAnimation2::after {
content: "";
width: 100%;
height: 50%;
background-color: #fff;
}
/*两个伪类元素的动画样式不一样,注意区分*/
.circleAnimation2::before {
position: absolute;
top: 0;
transform-origin: 50% 100%;
border-radius: 10px 10px 0 0;
animation: animate_top2 .3s linear 2;
}
.circleAnimation2::after {
position: absolute;
bottom: 0;
transform-origin: 50% 0;
border-radius: 0 0 10px 10px;
animation: animate_bottom2 .3s linear 2;
}
@keyframes animate_top2 {
50% {
transform: rotate(45deg);
}
}
@keyframes animate_bottom2 {
50% {
transform: rotate(-45deg);
}
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="big_box">
<!-- 轮播的图片 -->
<ul>
<li>
<img src="imgs/picture1.png" alt="">
</li>
<li>
<img src="imgs/picture7.png" alt="">
</li>
<li>
<img src="imgs/picture3.png" alt="">
</li>
<li>
<img src="imgs/picture4.png" alt="">
</li>
<li>
<img src="imgs/picture5.png" alt="">
</li>
<li>
<img src="imgs/picture6.png" alt="">
</li>
</ul>
<!-- 左右按键 -->
<div class="left"><</div>
<div class="right">></div>
<!-- 小圆圈 -->
<ol>
</ol>
</div>
<script>
var timer;
var big_box = document.querySelector('.big_box');
var ul = big_box.querySelector('ul');
var ol = big_box.querySelector('ol');
var lis_img = ul.querySelectorAll('li');
var left = document.querySelector('.left');
var right = document.querySelector('.right');
var num = 0; //记录要滑到第几张图片
function animate(obj, target) {
var timer1 = setInterval(function () {
var current = obj.offsetLeft;
var step = 10;
step = current > target ? -step : step;
// 下面要包括等于的情况,否则会发生抖动
if (Math.abs(current - target) <= Math.abs(step)) {
clearInterval(timer1);
obj.style.left = target + 'px';
}
else {
obj.style.left = current + step + 'px';
}
}, 10)
}
//小圆圈样式改变
function circlechange_right(circles, circle) {
if (circle == lis_img.length) {
circle = 0;
}
//排他思想设置小圆圈样式
//排他思想第一步:先把所有的小圆圈样式去掉
for (var i = 0; i < circles.length; i++) {
circles[i].className = "";
}
//排他思想第二步:把当前图片对应的小圆圈设置样式
circles[circle].className = "circleAnimation";
}
function circlechange_left(circles, circle) {
if (circle == lis_img.length) {
circle = 0;
}
//排他思想设置小圆圈样式
//排他思想第一步:先把所有的小圆圈样式去掉
for (var i = 0; i < circles.length; i++) {
circles[i].className = "";
}
//排他思想第二步:把当前图片对应的小圆圈设置样式
circles[circle].className = "circleAnimation2";
}
//在页面刚加载进来就执行代码
window.addEventListener('load', function () {
//设置小圆点的个数
for (var i = 0; i < lis_img.length; i++) {
var li = document.createElement('li');
ol.appendChild(li);
// 给小圆圈添加自定义属性
li.setAttribute('index', i);
//一开始第一个小圆圈就是被选中状态
if (i == 0) {
li.className = "circleAnimation";
}
//给小圆圈添加点击处理事件
li.addEventListener('click', function () {
//排他思想实现小圆圈样式改变
for (var j = 0; j < ol.children.length; j++) {
ol.children[j].className = "";
}
this.className = "circleAnimation";
//实现点击小圆圈后图片滑动
var index = this.getAttribute('index');
animate(ul, -index * big_box.offsetWidth);
// 在图片滑动的同时对应的小圆圈样式也要发生改变,所以调用animate函数同时调用circlechange函数
circlechange(circles, index);
})
}
//为了实现无缝衔接的切换图片,要把第一张图片克隆到最后一张图片的附近
var circles = ol.querySelectorAll('li');
// cloneNode函数若括号里面是true,则是深拷贝,false则是浅拷贝
var li_img = ul.children[0].cloneNode(true);
ul.appendChild(li_img);
//点击右箭头向右滑动
right.addEventListener('click', function () {
//下面if代码是实现向右滑动的无缝衔接,不懂的建议自己手动模拟一遍
if (num >= lis_img.length) {
num = 0;
//注意改变属性left的值后面一定要跟px,否则没有效果
ul.style.left = 0 + 'px';
}
num++;
animate(ul, -num * big_box.offsetWidth);
circlechange_right(circles, num);
})
//点击左箭头向左滑动
left.addEventListener('click', function () {
//下面if代码是实现向左滑动的无缝衔接,不懂的建议自己手动模拟一遍
if (num <= 0) {
num = lis_img.length;
ul.style.left = -lis_img.length * big_box.offsetWidth + 'px';
}
num--;
animate(ul, -num * big_box.offsetWidth);
circlechange_left(circles, num);
})
//实现自动播放----因为自动播放的功能和向右滑动的功能一样,所以直接调用向右滑动的函数
timer = setInterval(function () {
right.click();
}, 2000)
//鼠标放到盒子上停止自动播放
big_box.addEventListener('mouseover', function () {
clearInterval(timer);
})
//鼠标离开自动播放
big_box.addEventListener('mouseout', function () {
clearInterval(timer);
//在重新创建一个定时器时最好先清除一下定时器
timer = setInterval(function () {
right.click();
}, 2000)
})
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
所用到的图片素材: