不得不承认好记性不如烂笔头,在SpringMvc我当时用得比较的好,但是现在感觉挺陌生的,准备一点一点的整理一下,Spring的入门案例中,有讲解Spring的一些基本配置,以及SpringMvc基于注解和配置文件两种方式进行添加Servlet,基于xml配置的方式,没有通过注解的方式灵活
Spring访问流程
官方的讲解
案例
目录结构
pom.xml配置
pom配置文件中,需要导入Spring Mvc和Spring的配置文件,对于JSON和Junit的包,在入门案例中,没有用到,可以不用导入。
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>yellowcong</groupId>
<artifactId>day11_13</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>day11_13 Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<!-- 配置国内比较快的 阿里云的Maven仓库 -->
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>aliyunmaven</id>
<url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
</repository>
</repositories>
<!-- 共用的配置说明,比如spring版本, 项目名称, jdk版本等 -->
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<spring.version>4.2.5.RELEASE</spring.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- Spring BEGIN-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 导入Spring的orm -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Slf4j -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>1.7.5</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 配置切面 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!---aspectj 面向切向 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>
<version>1.5.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>1.8.5</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Spring需要的注解 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.annotation</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.annotation-api</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Spring 的测试类 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Spring END-->
<!-- 配置Spring mvc -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 文件上传 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.2.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.10</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- JSON解析 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
<version>1.9.11</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 日志 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.16</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>day11_13</finalName>
</build>
</project>
web.xml配置文件
这个web.xml配置文件里面,配置了Spring容器和SpringMvc的视图控制器,也就是Springmvc的入口DispatcherServlet
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
<display-name>demo</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<!-- Spring mvc -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>config</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!-- 配置Spring mvc,如果不配置,就会默认在wWEB-INF/config-servlet.xml -->
<init-param>
<description>spring mvc 配置文件</description>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>config</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- 设定字符编码 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>CharacterFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>CharacterFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- spring的监听器,可以通过上下文来获取参数 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
</web-app>
spring.xml配置文件
spring配置是必须配置的,不然,我们的Spring mvc就跑不起来,没有容器做支撑,那还玩啥呢
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd
">
<!-- 自动扫描(自动注入) -->
<context:annotation-config/>
<context:component-scan base-package="com.yellowcong.*"/>
<!--导入mybatis的配置-->
<!-- <import resource="spring-mybatis.xml"/>
<import resource="spring-shiro.xml"/> -->
</beans>
基于注解的方式
spring-mvc.xml 配置文件
这个文件是SpringMvc的核心文件,所有的配置都走这个配置文件,这个地方,我是基于注解的方式
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd">
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!-- 通过Annotation 来控制Controller -->
<mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>
<context:component-scan base-package="com.yellowcong"></context:component-scan>
<!-- 将静态文件夹制定到某个特别的文件夹中统一处理
** 表示的是文件夹中的子文件夹中的所有类容
其中location 需要两个 正斜杠
-->
<mvc:resources location="/resources/" mapping="/resources/**"/>
<!-- 配置权限拦截器 -->
<!-- 当我们的数据访问到 amdin的时候,就会直接调用admin对象 -->
<!-- <mvc:interceptors>
<mvc:interceptor>
<mvc:mapping path="/user/**"/>
<mvc:mapping path="/role/**"/>
<mvc:mapping path="/group/**"/>
<mvc:mapping path="/attachment/**"/>
<mvc:mapping path="/reply/**"/>
<mvc:mapping path="/tabel/**"/>
<mvc:mapping path="/image/**"/>
<mvc:mapping path="/info/**"/>
<mvc:mapping path="/login/stu"/>
<mvc:mapping path="/admin/**"/>
<bean class="com.yellowcong.interceptor.UserInterceptor"/>
</mvc:interceptor>
</mvc:interceptors> -->
<!-- 设定访问的名称 和对应的Servlet -->
<!-- 配置Multipart,只有设定了才能完成文件上传 -->
<bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
<property name="maxUploadSize" value="5000000"></property>
</bean>
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!-- 3.0.5后默认加上了jstl的属性配置.这个就是默认的配置 -->
<property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"></property>
<!-- 设定前缀 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>
<!-- 设定后缀 -->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置全局异常 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">
<property name="exceptionMappings">
<props>
<!--
<prop key="com.yellowcong.exception.UserException">error</prop>
<prop key="java.lang.RuntimeExceptio">error</prop>
-->
</props>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
控制器
这个里面,我使用的是ModelView进行参数的传递,参数传递到界面的方式
1、Map(Map集合,方式)
2、Model (只装参数,返回 String类型)
3、ModelView (Spring Mvc ,包含了视图和参数)
4、HttpServletResponse 直接写到浏览器
package com.yellowcong.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
/**
* @author yellowcong
*/
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/demo")
public class Demo {
@RequestMapping(value="/index",method=RequestMethod.GET)
public ModelAndView index(){
ModelAndView view = new ModelAndView();
view.setViewName("demo/index");
view.addObject("name", "doubi");
return view;
}
}
jsp视图
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<html>
<head>
<title>xx文章</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8">
</head>
<body>
<h2>Hello World!${name}</h2>
</body>
</html>
访问结果
基于xml配置文件的方式
基于xml的方式,需要在Spring-mvc.xml配置文件中配置控制器(Controller),控制器需要继承AbstractController,实现里面的handleRequestInternal方法,这种方式没有主机灵活
Spring-mvc.xml配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd">
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!--访问的时候,会访问 我们的com.yellowcong.controller 中的对应的类
这是基于配置文件的方式
-->
<bean name="/demo/demo2" class="com.yellowcong.controller.Demo2Controller"></bean>
<!-- 将静态文件夹制定到某个特别的文件夹中统一处理
** 表示的是文件夹中的子文件夹中的所有类容
其中location 需要两个 正斜杠
-->
<mvc:resources location="/resources/" mapping="/resources/**"/>
<!-- 配置权限拦截器 -->
<!-- 当我们的数据访问到 amdin的时候,就会直接调用admin对象 -->
<!-- <mvc:interceptors>
<mvc:interceptor>
<mvc:mapping path="/user/**"/>
<mvc:mapping path="/role/**"/>
<mvc:mapping path="/group/**"/>
<mvc:mapping path="/attachment/**"/>
<mvc:mapping path="/reply/**"/>
<mvc:mapping path="/tabel/**"/>
<mvc:mapping path="/image/**"/>
<mvc:mapping path="/info/**"/>
<mvc:mapping path="/login/stu"/>
<mvc:mapping path="/admin/**"/>
<bean class="com.yellowcong.interceptor.UserInterceptor"/>
</mvc:interceptor>
</mvc:interceptors> -->
<!-- 设定访问的名称 和对应的Servlet -->
<!-- 配置Multipart,只有设定了才能完成文件上传 -->
<bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
<property name="maxUploadSize" value="5000000"></property>
</bean>
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!-- 3.0.5后默认加上了jstl的属性配置.这个就是默认的配置 -->
<property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"></property>
<!-- 设定前缀 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>
<!-- 设定后缀 -->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置全局异常 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">
<property name="exceptionMappings">
<props>
<!--
<prop key="com.yellowcong.exception.UserException">error</prop>
<prop key="java.lang.RuntimeExceptio">error</prop>
-->
</props>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
控制器
控制器需要继承AbstractController 类,并实现方法handleRequestInternal
,这种方式有点像struts的方式
package com.yellowcong.controller;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.AbstractController;
//其中这个继承的是AbstractController Servlet
//这个类似于Struts 中的 Action
public class Demo2Controller extends AbstractController {
@Override
protected ModelAndView handleRequestInternal(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws Exception {
ModelAndView view = new ModelAndView("demo/index");
view.addObject("name", "AbstractController");
return view;
}
}
jsp视图
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<html>
<head>
<title>xx文章</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8">
</head>
<body>
<h2>Hello World!${name}</h2>
</body>
</html>
访问结果