使用vagrant
下载
vagrant[https://www.vagrantup.com/downloads.html] 下载管理工具VirtualBox[https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads] 分别安装这两个 安装好后,可能还需要你安装一些组件,按照提示进行安装即可vagrant plugin repairvagrant plugin expunge --reinstall
在本地找一个新建一个文件夹,没有路径要求[C:\APP\HashiCorp\vm1]
在文件夹目录下cmd
第一次的第一个虚拟机需要执行镜像下载
什么版本,可以自己找
ubuntuvagrant box add https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu-cloud-images/bionic/20200107/bionic-server-cloudimg-amd64-vagrant.box --name ubuntuvm4/bionic64
或者加载本地已经下载好的vagrant box add C:\APPS\OnlyOne\mega\开发工具\HADOOP\cloud\ubuntu_cloud\bionic-server-cloudimg-amd64-vagrant.box --name ubuntu/bionic64
centosvagrant box add https://mirrors.nju.edu.cn/centos-cloud/centos/7/vagrant/x86_64/images/CentOS-7-x86_64-Vagrant-2004_01.VirtualBox.box --name centos7/bionic64
需要下载vagrantBox镜像,不能直接下载ios系统镜像https://app.vagrantup.com/boxes/search 源链接可能会失效,如果失效,自己再找,一般就是华为源,清华源,阿里源
华为源,https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/ 清华源,https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ 南京大学源,https://mirrors.nju.edu.cn/ 阿里源,http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ 找不到就在里面疯狂找
初始化,ubuntu/bionic64为你上方设置的title
vagrant init ubuntu/bionic64
这时会在对应文件夹下生成一个Vagrantfile的文件。
默认不配置,是单个虚拟机
配置多机的设置
servers = {
:hadoop1 => '192.168.2.220',
:hadoop2 => '192.168.2.221',
:hadoop3 => '192.168.2.222',
:hadoop4 => '192.168.2.223'
}
第一种批量循环创建,分配的资源一样
Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
config.vm.box = "ubuntu/bionic64"
config.vm.box_check_update = false
servers.each do |server_name, server_ip|
config.vm.define server_name do |server_config|
server_config.vm.hostname = "#{server_name.to_s}"
server_config.vm.network :private_network, ip: server_ip
server_config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|
vb.name = server_name.to_s
vb.memory = "1024"
vb.cpus = 1
end
end
end
end
第二种 为每个主机单独作配置
Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
config.vm.define "vagrant1" do |vb|
config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |v|
v.memory = 512
v.cpus = 1
end
vb.vm.host_name = "vagrant1"
vb.vm.network :public_network, ip: "10.0.2.16"
vb.vm.box = "centos72"
end
config.vm.define "vagrant2" do |vb|
config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |v|
v.memory = 512
v.cpus = 1
end
vb.vm.host_name = "vagrant2"
vb.vm.network :public_network, ip: "10.0.2.16"
vb.vm.box = "centos72"
end
config.vm.define "vagrant3" do |vb|
config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |v|
v.memory = 512
v.cpus = 1
end
vb.vm.host_name = "vagrant3"
vb.vm.network :public_network, ip: "10.0.2.16"
vb.vm.box = "centos72"
end
end
虚拟机默认磁盘10G,如果需要修改磁盘空间
先执行安装磁盘插件 vagrant plugin install vagrant-disksize
然后配置你想要分配的空间
config.vm.box = "ubuntu/bionic64"
config.vm.box_check_update = false
config.disksize.size = '50GB'
执行启动vagrant up hadoop4
启动,根据主机名启动 不跟主机名全启动vagrant halt hadoop4
关机,根据主机名关机 不跟主机名全关
如果配置完,启动报错 CPU虚拟化没开启,需要进到biosVisualBox报VT-x is disabled in the BIOS. (VERR_VMX_MSR_VMXON_DISABLED)
thinkpad重启F1进入BIOS,选择:Sercurity => Virtualization=>Enable
如果报错error: Could not find Host Interface Networking driver! Please reinstall
这是因为,你之前肯定卸载过虚拟机的虚拟网卡,所以这里找不到,那么需要重装虚拟网卡,如下
可以在安装virtualbox目录../Oracle VM VirtualBox中的 drivers\ network\ netadp6目录下有三个文件
VBoxNetAdp6.cat
VBoxNetAdp6.inf
VBoxNetAdp6.sys
这就是virtualbox虚拟网卡的驱动,右击VBoxNetAdp6.inf,点安装即可,安装完成后
重新 vagrant up
就可成功了。
报错 The Hyper-V cmdlets for PowerShell are not available! Vagrant requires these to control Hyper-V.
的解决办法
这是因为windows 开启虚拟化的时候,去找虚拟组件支持,默认找到了windows的Hyper-V 发现没有开启,就输出这个错误。
但实际,我们开启了这个也是解决不了的,我们最终是要开启CPU虚拟化,所以下面这步做了,反而是多余的,会影响后面的操作
找到打开或关闭windows功能,把 Hyper-V 勾上 <这一步,不需要的>
报错Timed out while waiting for the machine to boot. This means that Vagrant was unable to communicate with the guest machine within the configured ("config.vm.boot_timeout" value) time period.
进入你的BIOS,然后将virtualization(CPU虚拟化)设置为enable即可
BIOS界面:Configuratio > Intel Virtual Technology > Enabled
默认用户:vagrant
密钥路径在 C:\APP\HashiCorp\vm1.vagrant\machines\hadoop1\virtualbox\下private_key文件
所有的配置都在:C:\APP\HashiCorp\vm1\Vagrantfile
文件上
使用 vagrant 账户和密钥文件登录
创建root密码
vagrant@hadoop2:~$ sudo su
root@hadoop2:/home/vagrant# passwd root
Enter new UNIX password:
Retype new UNIX password:
passwd: password updated successfully
root@hadoop2:/home/vagrant#
修改vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config
将以下参数改为yes 允许
PermitRootLogin yes
PasswordAuthentication yes
重启sshdsystemctl restart sshd
这样才可以直接使用root进行登陆
Vagrantfile 文件完整配置如下
单个虚拟机实例
# -*- mode: ruby -*-
# vi: set ft=ruby :
# All Vagrant configuration is done below. The "2" in Vagrant.configure
# configures the configuration version (we support older styles for
# backwards compatibility). Please don't change it unless you know what
# you're doing.
servers = {
:hadoop13 => '192.168.2.225'
}
Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
# The most common configuration options are documented and commented below.
# For a complete reference, please see the online documentation at
# https://docs.vagrantup.com.
# Every Vagrant development environment requires a box. You can search for
# boxes at https://vagrantcloud.com/search.
config.vm.box = "centos7/bionic64"
config.vm.box_check_update = false
config.disksize.size = '50GB'
servers.each do |server_name, server_ip|
config.vm.define server_name do |server_config|
server_config.vm.hostname = "#{server_name.to_s}"
server_config.vm.network :private_network, ip: server_ip
server_config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|
vb.name = server_name.to_s
vb.memory = "4096"
vb.cpus = 2
end
end
end
# if errorMsg is "Unknown configuration section 'disksize'." that
# you must install then "vagrant plugin install vagrant-disksize" plugin
# Disable automatic box update checking. If you disable this, then
# boxes will only be checked for updates when the user runs
# `vagrant box outdated`. This is not recommended.
# config.vm.box_check_update = false
# Create a forwarded port mapping which allows access to a specific port
# within the machine from a port on the host machine. In the example below,
# accessing "localhost:8080" will access port 80 on the guest machine.
# NOTE: This will enable public access to the opened port
# config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 8080
# Create a forwarded port mapping which allows access to a specific port
# within the machine from a port on the host machine and only allow access
# via 127.0.0.1 to disable public access
# config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 8080, host_ip: "127.0.0.1"
# Create a private network, which allows host-only access to the machine
# using a specific IP.
# config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.33.10"
# Create a public network, which generally matched to bridged network.
# Bridged networks make the machine appear as another physical device on
# your network.
# config.vm.network "public_network"
# Share an additional folder to the guest VM. The first argument is
# the path on the host to the actual folder. The second argument is
# the path on the guest to mount the folder. And the optional third
# argument is a set of non-required options.
# config.vm.synced_folder "../data", "/vagrant_data"
# Provider-specific configuration so you can fine-tune various
# backing providers for Vagrant. These expose provider-specific options.
# Example for VirtualBox:
#
# config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|
# # Display the VirtualBox GUI when booting the machine
# vb.gui = true
#
# # Customize the amount of memory on the VM:
# vb.memory = "1024"
# end
#
# View the documentation for the provider you are using for more
# information on available options.
# Enable provisioning with a shell script. Additional provisioners such as
# Ansible, Chef, Docker, Puppet and Salt are also available. Please see the
# documentation for more information about their specific syntax and use.
# config.vm.provision "shell", inline: <<-SHELL
# apt-get update
# apt-get install -y apache2
# SHELL
end
多个虚拟机
# -*- mode: ruby -*-
# vi: set ft=ruby :
# All Vagrant configuration is done below. The "2" in Vagrant.configure
# configures the configuration version (we support older styles for
# backwards compatibility). Please don't change it unless you know what
# you're doing.
servers = {
:hadoop1 => '192.168.2.220',
:hadoop2 => '192.168.2.221',
:hadoop3 => '192.168.2.222',
:hadoop4 => '192.168.2.223'
}
Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
# The most common configuration options are documented and commented below.
# For a complete reference, please see the online documentation at
# https://docs.vagrantup.com.
# Every Vagrant development environment requires a box. You can search for
# boxes at https://vagrantcloud.com/search.
config.vm.box = "ubuntu/bionic64"
config.vm.box_check_update = false
# config.disksize.size = '50GB'
# if you don't specify disk space, the default disk space is 10G
servers.each do |server_name, server_ip|
config.vm.define server_name do |server_config|
server_config.vm.hostname = "#{server_name.to_s}"
server_config.vm.network :private_network, ip: server_ip
server_config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|
vb.name = server_name.to_s
vb.memory = "1024"
vb.cpus = 1
end
end
end
# Disable automatic box update checking. If you disable this, then
# boxes will only be checked for updates when the user runs
# `vagrant box outdated`. This is not recommended.
# config.vm.box_check_update = false
# Create a forwarded port mapping which allows access to a specific port
# within the machine from a port on the host machine. In the example below,
# accessing "localhost:8080" will access port 80 on the guest machine.
# NOTE: This will enable public access to the opened port
# config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 8080
# Create a forwarded port mapping which allows access to a specific port
# within the machine from a port on the host machine and only allow access
# via 127.0.0.1 to disable public access
# config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 8080, host_ip: "127.0.0.1"
# Create a private network, which allows host-only access to the machine
# using a specific IP.
# config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.33.10"
# Create a public network, which generally matched to bridged network.
# Bridged networks make the machine appear as another physical device on
# your network.
# config.vm.network "public_network"
# Share an additional folder to the guest VM. The first argument is
# the path on the host to the actual folder. The second argument is
# the path on the guest to mount the folder. And the optional third
# argument is a set of non-required options.
# config.vm.synced_folder "../data", "/vagrant_data"
# Provider-specific configuration so you can fine-tune various
# backing providers for Vagrant. These expose provider-specific options.
# Example for VirtualBox:
#
# config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|
# # Display the VirtualBox GUI when booting the machine
# vb.gui = true
#
# # Customize the amount of memory on the VM:
# vb.memory = "1024"
# end
#
# View the documentation for the provider you are using for more
# information on available options.
# Enable provisioning with a shell script. Additional provisioners such as
# Ansible, Chef, Docker, Puppet and Salt are also available. Please see the
# documentation for more information about their specific syntax and use.
# config.vm.provision "shell", inline: <<-SHELL
# apt-get update
# apt-get install -y apache2
# SHELL
end
接下来,就可以通过xshell进行登录操作了。
如果删除了其中一个虚拟机之后,还要在重用这个虚拟机的名字
需要删除文件夹的所有文件,并打开Oracle VM VirtualBox 管理软件,右键删除-->删除所有文件,才能够在下一个虚拟机开启的时候,使用原虚拟机名称