声明式事务环境搭建：
1、导入相关依赖
数据源、数据库驱动、Spring-jdbc模块
2、配置数据源、JdbcTemplate（Spring提供的简化数据库操作的工具）操作数据
3、给方法上标注 @Transactional 表示当前方法是一个事务方法；
4、 @EnableTransactionManagement 开启基于注解的事务管理功能；
5、配置事务管理器来控制事务;
@Bean
public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager()
原理：
1）、@EnableTransactionManagement
利用TransactionManagementConfigurationSelector给容器中会导入组件
导入两个组件
AutoProxyRegistrar
ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration
2）、AutoProxyRegistrar：
给容器中注册一个 InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator 组件；
InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator：
利用后置处理器机制在对象创建以后，包装对象，返回一个代理对象（增强器），代理对象执
行方法利用拦截器链进行调用；
3）、ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration 做了什么？
3.1、给容器中注册事务增强器；
3.1.1）、事务增强器要用事务注解的信息AnnotationTransactionAttributeSource
解析事务注解
3.1.2）、事务拦截器：
TransactionInterceptor；保存了事务属性信息，事务管理器；他是一个
MethodInterceptor；在目标方法执行的时候；执行拦截器链；事务拦截器：
3.1.2.1）、先获取事务相关的属性
3.1.2.2）、再获取PlatformTransactionManager，如果事先没有添加
指定任何transactionmanger最终会从容器中按照类型获取
一个PlatformTransactionManager；
3.1.2.3）、执行目标方法如果异常，获取到事务管理器，利用事务管理
回滚操作；如果正常，利用事务管理器，提交事务
1）、@EnableTransactionManagement
利用TransactionManagementConfigurationSelector给容器中会导入组件
导入两个组件
AutoProxyRegistrar
ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration
打来@EnableTransactionManagement的@Import(TransactionManagementConfigurationSelector.class)源码如下：
adviceMode默认是PROXY
public class TransactionManagementConfigurationSelector extends AdviceModeImportSelector<EnableTransactionManagement> {
/**
* {@inheritDoc}
* @return {@link ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration} or
* {@code AspectJTransactionManagementConfiguration} for {@code PROXY} and
* {@code ASPECTJ} values of {@link EnableTransactionManagement#mode()}, respectively
*/
@Override
protected String[] selectImports(AdviceMode adviceMode) {
switch (adviceMode) {
case PROXY:
return new String[] {AutoProxyRegistrar.class.getName(), ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration.class.getName()};
case ASPECTJ:
return new String[] {TransactionManagementConfigUtils.TRANSACTION_ASPECT_CONFIGURATION_CLASS_NAME};
default:
return null;
}
}
}一 、AutoProxyRegistrar的解析
2）、AutoProxyRegistrar：
给容器中注册一个 InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator 组件；
InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator：
利用后置处理器机制(postProcessAfterInitialization)在对象创建以后，包装对象，返回一个代理对象（增强器),代 理对象执行方法利用拦截器链进行调用；
AutoProxyRegistrar的源码如下：
public class AutoProxyRegistrar implements ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar {
private final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(getClass());
@Override
public void registerBeanDefinitions(AnnotationMetadata importingClassMetadata, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
boolean candidateFound = false;
Set<String> annoTypes = importingClassMetadata.getAnnotationTypes();
for (String annoType : annoTypes) {
AnnotationAttributes candidate = AnnotationConfigUtils.attributesFor(importingClassMetadata, annoType);
if (candidate == null) {
continue;
}
Object mode = candidate.get("mode");
Object proxyTargetClass = candidate.get("proxyTargetClass");
if (mode != null && proxyTargetClass != null && AdviceMode.class == mode.getClass() &&
Boolean.class == proxyTargetClass.getClass()) {
candidateFound = true;
if (mode == AdviceMode.PROXY) {
AopConfigUtils.registerAutoProxyCreatorIfNecessary(registry);
if ((Boolean) proxyTargetClass) {
AopConfigUtils.forceAutoProxyCreatorToUseClassProxying(registry);
return;
}
}
}
}
if (!candidateFound) {
//省略次要代码
}
}
}
进入AopConfigUtils.registerAutoProxyCreatorIfNecessary(registry);
public abstract class AopConfigUtils {
public static BeanDefinition registerAutoProxyCreatorIfNecessary(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
return registerAutoProxyCreatorIfNecessary(registry, null);
}
public static BeanDefinition registerAutoProxyCreatorIfNecessary(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry, Object source) {
return registerOrEscalateApcAsRequired(InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator.class, registry, source);
}
public static BeanDefinition registerAspectJAutoProxyCreatorIfNecessary(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
return registerAspectJAutoProxyCreatorIfNecessary(registry, null);
}
public static BeanDefinition registerAspectJAutoProxyCreatorIfNecessary(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry, Object source) {
return registerOrEscalateApcAsRequired(AspectJAwareAdvisorAutoProxyCreator.class, registry, source);
}
public static BeanDefinition registerAspectJAnnotationAutoProxyCreatorIfNecessary(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
return registerAspectJAnnotationAutoProxyCreatorIfNecessary(registry, null);
}
public static BeanDefinition registerAspectJAnnotationAutoProxyCreatorIfNecessary(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry, Object source) {
return registerOrEscalateApcAsRequired(AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator.class, registry, source);
}
//忽略非主线代码
}
可以看到最终调用
public static BeanDefinition registerAspectJAutoProxyCreatorIfNecessary(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
return registerAspectJAutoProxyCreatorIfNecessary(registry, null);
}InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator 继承自 AbstractAdvisorAutoProxyCreator
顺带提一下AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator是创建AOP代理类里用到的继承AspectJAwareAdvisorAutoProxyCreator
而AspectJAwareAdvisorAutoProxyCreator继承自 AbstractAdvisorAutoProxyCreator
查看AbstractAutoProxyCreator的postProcessAfterInitialization
@Override
public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
if (bean != null) {
Object cacheKey = getCacheKey(bean.getClass(), beanName);
if (!this.earlyProxyReferences.contains(cacheKey)) {
return wrapIfNecessary(bean, beanName, cacheKey);
}
}
return bean;
}在 wrapIfNecessary方法的wrapIfNecessary 的 Object[] specificInterceptors = getAdvicesAndAdvisorsForBean(bean.getClass(), beanName, null);添加条件断点条件为null!=specificInterceptors
可以看到 根据beanName=userService时对应的增强器为
[org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor: advice org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor@3da05287]
二 、ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration 的解析
3）、ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration 做了什么？
3.1、给容器中注册事务增强器；
3.1.1）、事务增强器要用事务注解的信息AnnotationTransactionAttributeSource
解析事务注解
3.1.2）、事务拦截器：
TransactionInterceptor；保存了事务属性信息，事务管理器；他是一个
MethodInterceptor；在目标方法执行的时候；执行拦截器链；事务拦截器：
3.1.2.1）、先获取事务相关的属性
3.1.2.2）、再获取PlatformTransactionManager，如果事先没有添加
指定任何transactionmanger最终会从容器中按照类型获取
一个PlatformTransactionManager；
3.1.2.3）、执行目标方法如果异常，获取到事务管理器，利用事务管理
回滚操作；如果正常，利用事务管理器，提交事务总结
打开ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration类可以看到
@Configuration
public class ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration extends AbstractTransactionManagementConfiguration {
@Bean(name = TransactionManagementConfigUtils.TRANSACTION_ADVISOR_BEAN_NAME)
@Role(BeanDefinition.ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE)
public BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor transactionAdvisor() {
BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor advisor = new BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor();
advisor.setTransactionAttributeSource(transactionAttributeSource());
advisor.setAdvice(transactionInterceptor());
advisor.setOrder(this.enableTx.<Integer>getNumber("order"));
return advisor;
}
@Bean
@Role(BeanDefinition.ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE)
public TransactionAttributeSource transactionAttributeSource() {
return new AnnotationTransactionAttributeSource();
}
@Bean
@Role(BeanDefinition.ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE)
public TransactionInterceptor transactionInterceptor() {
TransactionInterceptor interceptor = new TransactionInterceptor();
interceptor.setTransactionAttributeSource(transactionAttributeSource());
if (this.txManager != null) {
interceptor.setTransactionManager(this.txManager);
}
return interceptor;
}
}TransactionInterceptor 继承自TransactionAspectSupport 主要的事务拦截逻辑在下面这个方法
public abstract class TransactionAspectSupport implements BeanFactoryAware, InitializingBean {
@Override
public Object invoke(final MethodInvocation invocation) throws Throwable {
Class<?> targetClass = (invocation.getThis() != null ? AopUtils.getTargetClass(invocation.getThis()) : null);
return invokeWithinTransaction(invocation.getMethod(), targetClass, new InvocationCallback() {
@Override
public Object proceedWithInvocation() throws Throwable {
return invocation.proceed();
}
});
}
protected Object invokeWithinTransaction(Method method, Class<?> targetClass, final InvocationCallback invocation)
throws Throwable {
// If the transaction attribute is null, the method is non-transactional.
final TransactionAttribute txAttr = getTransactionAttributeSource().getTransactionAttribute(method, targetClass);
final PlatformTransactionManager tm = determineTransactionManager(txAttr);
final String joinpointIdentification = methodIdentification(method, targetClass, txAttr);
if (txAttr == null || !(tm instanceof CallbackPreferringPlatformTransactionManager)) {
TransactionInfo txInfo = createTransactionIfNecessary(tm, txAttr, joinpointIdentification);
Object retVal = null;
try {
// This is an around advice: Invoke the next interceptor in the chain.
// This will normally result in a target object being invoked.
retVal = invocation.proceedWithInvocation();
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
// target invocation exception
completeTransactionAfterThrowing(txInfo, ex);
throw ex;
}
finally {
cleanupTransactionInfo(txInfo);
}
commitTransactionAfterReturning(txInfo);
return retVal;
}else {
try {
Object result = ((CallbackPreferringPlatformTransactionManager) tm).execute(txAttr,
new TransactionCallback<Object>() {
@Override
public Object doInTransaction(TransactionStatus status) {
TransactionInfo txInfo = prepareTransactionInfo(tm, txAttr, joinpointIdentification, status);
try {
return invocation.proceedWithInvocation();
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
if (txAttr.rollbackOn(ex)) {
// A RuntimeException: will lead to a rollback.
if (ex instanceof RuntimeException) {
throw (RuntimeException) ex;
}
else {
throw new ThrowableHolderException(ex);
}
}
else {
// A normal return value: will lead to a commit.
return new ThrowableHolder(ex);
}
}
finally {
cleanupTransactionInfo(txInfo);
}
}
});
// Check result: It might indicate a Throwable to rethrow.
if (result instanceof ThrowableHolder) {
throw ((ThrowableHolder) result).getThrowable();
}
else {
return result;
}
}
catch (ThrowableHolderException ex) {
throw ex.getCause();
}
}
}
}
总结：通过TransactionInterceptor环绕增强进行事务的增强，即进入目标方法之前开启事务，退出目标方法时提交/回滚事务。开启事务的核心就是从配置的数据源中获取一个数据库连接，关闭自动提交，然后把这个数据库连接绑定到当前线程，供后续使用 TransactionInterceptor保存了事务属性信息，事务管理器；他是一个 MethodInterceptor；在目标方法执行的时候；执行拦截器链；事务拦截器：
