现在的手机几乎都实现照相机功能了,而且在硬件的支持下像素也越来越高,在现实生活中的用途也越来越广,而在Android中专门 提供了Camera来处理相机相关的事件,Camera 是一个专门用来连接和断开相机服务的类,Camera 下面包括如下几个事件:
Camera.AutoFocusCallback: 自动调焦功能;
Camera.ErrorCallback:错误信息捕捉;
Camera.Parameters :相机的属性参数
Camera.PictureCallback:拍照、产生图片时触发;
Camera.PreviewCallback:相机预览设置;
Camera.ShutterCallback:快门设置;
Camera.Size:图片尺寸;
要在Android中使用相机服务很简单,Camera没有构造方法,我们要使用它直接通过open()方法来打开相机设备,然后通过 Camera.Parameters 对相机的一些属性进行设置,比如输出图片的格式、大小等等。下面是Camera类一些常用的方法介绍。
Camera类的方法
方法 说明
autoFocus 设置自动对焦
getParameters 得到相机的参数
open 启动相机服务
release 释放Camera服务
setPreviewDisplay 设置预览
setParameters 设置预览参数
startPreview 开始预览
stopPreview 停止预览
takePicture 拍照
这里重点说明一下拍照的方法和使用, takePicture 方法要实现3个回调函数,分别是: Camera.ShutterCallback (快门) 和 两个Camera.PictureCallback(图像数据)。这里我们在拍照之后要取得图像数据就需要实现Camera.PictureCallback 的 onPictureTaken 方法。onPictureTaken 中第一个参数就是图像数据, 第二个参数则是相机。
下面是一个相机拍照的例子。相机需要一个界面来预览当前拍摄的效果,这里可以使用SurfaceView类。 我们先来看看在模拟器上的运行效果吧。
[img]http://disanji.net/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/20110116_523e2e9f_1d86_3e83_8b70_a11243a317fe.jpg[/img]
下面我们来看具体如何使用相机服务预览效果,最后按导航键中键来拍照,将照片保存到SD卡中(当然首先要确认有SD卡插入)。 代码如下
package xiaohang.zhimeng;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.PixelFormat;
import android.hardware.Camera;
import android.hardware.Camera.PictureCallback;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.KeyEvent;
import android.view.SurfaceHolder;
import android.view.SurfaceView;
import android.view.Window;
public class Activity01 extends Activity {
private Preview mPreview;
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);
//Create our Preview view and set it as the content of our activity.
mPreview = new Preview(this);
setContentView(mPreview);
}
public boolean onKeyUp(int keyCode, KeyEvent event){
switch (keyCode) {
case KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER:
mPreview.takePicture();
break;
}
return true;
}
}
/*Preview-显示Preview*/
class Preview extends SurfaceView implements SurfaceHolder.Callback{
SurfaceHolder mHolder;
Camera mCamera;
Bitmap cameraBitmap;
public Preview(Context context) {
super(context);
//得到SurfaceHolder对象
mHolder = getHolder();
//添加回调函数
mHolder.addCallback(this);
//设置SurfaceHolder 的类型
mHolder.setType(SurfaceHolder.SURFACE_TYPE_PUSH_BUFFERS);
}
//在Surface的大小发生改变时激发
@Override
public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width,
int height) {
/*构建Camera.Parameters对相机的参数进行设置*/
Camera.Parameters parameters = mCamera.getParameters();
/*设置拍照的图片格式*/
parameters.setPictureFormat(PixelFormat.JPEG);
/*设置Preview(预览)的尺寸*/
parameters.setPreviewSize(320, 480);
mCamera.setParameters(parameters);
/*开始预览*/
mCamera.startPreview();
}
/*拍照片*/
public void takePicture(){
if (mCamera != null) {
mCamera.takePicture(null, null, jpegCallback);
}
}
/*拍照后输出图片*/
private PictureCallback jpegCallback = new PictureCallback(){
@Override
public void onPictureTaken(byte[] data, Camera camera) {
// TODO Handle JPEG image data
//解码一个不可变的位图 从指定的字节数组
cameraBitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(data, 0, data.length);
File myCaptureFile = new File("/sdcard/camera1.jpg");
try {
BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(myCaptureFile));
//压缩位图到指定的OutputStream
cameraBitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 80, bos);
//刷新此缓冲区的输出流
bos.flush();
//关闭此输出流并释放与此流有关的所有系统资源
bos.close();
/*将拍到的图片绘制出来*/
//锁定画布
Canvas canvas = mHolder.lockCanvas();
canvas.drawBitmap(cameraBitmap, 0, 0, null);
//绘制后解锁,绘制后必须解锁才能显示
mHolder.unlockCanvasAndPost(canvas);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.getMessage();
}
}
};
//在创建Surface时激发
@Override
public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {
/*启动Camera*/
mCamera = Camera.open();
try {
mCamera.setPreviewDisplay(holder);
} catch (Exception e) {
/*释放mCamera*/
mCamera.release();
mCamera = null;
}
}
//在销毁Surface时激发
@Override
public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {
/*停止预览*/
mCamera.stopPreview();
mCamera = null;
}
}
最后大家不要忘记了加上权限声明
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />
<uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera" />
<uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera.autofocus" />
[size=large][b]Android Camera照相机[/b][/size]
package com.Aina.Android;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.PixelFormat;
import android.hardware.Camera;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.KeyEvent;
import android.view.SurfaceHolder;
import android.view.SurfaceView;
/**
* com.Aina.Android Pro_Camera
*
* @author Aina.huang E-mail: 674023920@qq.com
* @version 创建时间:2010 Jul 7, 2010 2:50:15 PM 类说明
*/
public class PreView extends SurfaceView implements SurfaceHolder.Callback {
private SurfaceHolder holder = null;
private Camera mCamera = null;
private Bitmap mBitmap = null;
public PreView(Context context) {
super(context);
Log.i("TAG", "PreView()");
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
holder = this.getHolder();
holder.addCallback(this);
holder.setType(SurfaceHolder.SURFACE_TYPE_PUSH_BUFFERS);
}
public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width,
int height) {
Log.i("TAG", "surfaceChanged");
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Camera.Parameters parameters = mCamera.getParameters();
parameters.setPictureFormat(PixelFormat.JPEG);//设置图片格式
parameters.setPreviewSize(320, 480);//设置尺寸
// parameters.setPictureSize(320, 480);//设置分辨率
mCamera.setParameters(parameters);
mCamera.startPreview();//开始预览
}
public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {
Log.i("TAG", "surfaceCreated");
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
mCamera = Camera.open();//启动服务
try {
mCamera.setPreviewDisplay(holder);//设置预览
} catch (IOException e) {
mCamera.release();//释放
mCamera = null;
}
}
public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {
Log.i("TAG", "surfaceDestroyed");
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
mCamera.stopPreview();//停止预览
mCamera = null;
}
public boolean onKeyDown(int keyCode, KeyEvent event) {
if(keyCode==KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER){
if(mCamera !=null){
mCamera.takePicture(null, null,pic);
}
}
return super.onKeyDown(keyCode, event);
}
//拍照后输出图片
public Camera.PictureCallback pic = new Camera.PictureCallback(){
public void onPictureTaken(byte[] data, Camera camera) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
mBitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(data, 0, data.length);
File f = new File(android.os.Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()+"/camera1.jpg");
try {
BufferedOutputStream os = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(f));
mBitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 80, os);
os.flush();
os.close();
Canvas canvas = holder.lockCanvas();
canvas.drawBitmap(mBitmap, 0, 0, null);
holder.unlockCanvasAndPost(canvas);
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
};
}
package com.Aina.Android;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.KeyEvent;
import android.view.Window;
public class Test extends Activity {
/** Called when the activity is first created. */
private PreView pv = null;
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
this.requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);
pv = new PreView(this);
setContentView(pv);
}
@Override
public boolean onKeyDown(int keyCode, KeyEvent event) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return pv.onKeyDown(keyCode, event);
}
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.Aina.Android"
android:versionCode="1"
android:versionName="1.0">
<application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">
<activity android:name=".Test"
android:label="@string/app_name">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
</application>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />
<uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera" />
<uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera.autofocus" />
</manifest>