我们在上一篇文章中介绍了使用registry来创建企业私有仓库用于存储镜像,但是由于只有CUI的操作,一般拿来还要加工处理一下。
在以前曾经介绍过的Harbor其实也是基于Registry的这样一个企业级Registry的创建,在本文中将会介绍一下如何使用Harbor作简单的镜像推送等。

docker grafana 无法登录 docker login失败_f5

在写上一篇的文章时候,Harbor还是0.3.0版本,现在已经是0.4.1了。而且在dockerhub上也已经有了自己的镜像,安装也分为了online和offline两种tgz文件包了,现在已经是较为方便了,后期继续集成,是不是留下一个docker-compose.yml和可以配置的参数公开出来,这样的话安装就没有任何成本了,不过目前这个安装的成本也可以忽略不计,在非关键业务上作的改善都不是真正的改善,除非已经到了人神共愤的地步,否则可以无视。

事前准备

安装了docker1.12.2,具体安装方法参看如下

[root@liumiaocn ~]# docker version
Client:
 Version:      1.12.2
 API version:  1.24
 Go version:   go1.6.3
 Git commit:   bb80604
 Built:
 OS/Arch:      linux/amd64
 Experimental: true

Server:
 Version:      1.12.2
 API version:  1.24
 Go version:   go1.6.3
 Git commit:   bb80604
 Built:
 OS/Arch:      linux/amd64
 Experimental: true
[root@liumiaocn ~]#

设定insecure-registry

事前确认

[root@liumiaocn ~]# docker info |tail -n3
 WARNING: Usage of loopback devices is strongly discouraged for production use. Use `--storage-opt dm.thinpooldev` to specify a custom block storage device.
Experimental: true
Insecure Registries:
 127.0.0.0/8
[root@liumiaocn ~]#

修改docker.service(/lib/systemd/system/docker.service)
修改前

ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd

修改后

ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd --insecure-registry 192.168.32.131

daemon-reload & restart docker

[root@liumiaocn harbor]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@liumiaocn harbor]# systemctl restart docker
[root@liumiaocn harbor]#

再确认:192.168.32.131已被加入到Insecure Registries中

[root@liumiaocn harbor]# docker info |tail -n3
 WARNING: Usage of loopback devices is strongly discouraged for production use. Use `--storage-opt dm.thinpooldev` to specify a custom block storage device.
Insecure Registries:
 192.168.32.131
 127.0.0.0/8
[root@liumiaocn harbor]#

组件

Harbor 0.4.1用到的组件如下:

组件

版本

Photon OS

1.0

Docker Registry

2.5

MySQL

5.6

NGINX

1.9

下载online安装包

命令:wget https://github.com/vmware/harbor/releases/download/0.4.1/harbor-online-installer-0.4.1.tgz

解压 & 修改Harbor.cfg文件

解压

命令:[root@liumiaocn ~]# tar xvpf harbor-online-installer-0.4.1.tgz

修改Harbor.cfg文件(只修正hostname就能正常动作,其余请自行探索)

[root@liumiaocn ~]# cd harbor
[root@liumiaocn harbor]# cp harbor.cfg harbor.cfg.bak
[root@liumiaocn harbor]# vi harbor.cfg
[root@liumiaocn harbor]# diff harbor.cfg harbor.cfg.bak
5c5
< hostname = 192.168.32.131
---
> hostname = reg.mydomain.com
[root@liumiaocn harbor]#

执行./prepare脚本

[root@liumiaocn harbor]# ./prepare
Generated configuration file: ./config/ui/env
Generated configuration file: ./config/ui/app.conf
Generated configuration file: ./config/registry/config.yml
Generated configuration file: ./config/db/env
Generated configuration file: ./config/jobservice/env
Clearing the configuration file: ./config/ui/private_key.pem
Clearing the configuration file: ./config/registry/root.crt
Generated configuration file: ./config/ui/private_key.pem
Generated configuration file: ./config/registry/root.crt
The configuration files are ready, please use docker-compose to start the service.
[root@liumiaocn harbor]#

启动

在harbor的目录下,有docker-compose.yml文件,使用docker-compose 命令启动Harbor

命令: docker-compose up

第一次启动,本地没有相关的镜像的话,会自动直接从dockerhub上下载,所以online的安装包是需要联网的状态下使用的。
offline的安装包,展开后你会发现另外一个tgz文件,其实就是那些镜像所对应的文件,load进来就可以了。执行完毕之后,令起一个终端确认一下,可以看到下面5个镜像都被pull下来了。

[root@liumiaocn harbor]# docker images |egrep 'harbor|nginx|registry'
vmware/harbor-db           0.4.1               bb0d8181f36f        2 weeks ago         324.2 MB
vmware/harbor-jobservice   0.4.1               5413608c9b6a        2 weeks ago         161.7 MB
vmware/harbor-ui           0.4.1               7db965490f9b        2 weeks ago         224.4 MB
vmware/harbor-log          0.4.1               3ae2612dfe5e        2 weeks ago         185.3 MB
registry                   2.5.0               c6c14b3960bd        11 weeks ago        33.28 MB
nginx                      1.9.0               7e156d496c9f        17 months ago       132.8 MB
[root@liumiaocn harbor]#

缺省的Port被设定在80端口,需要改端口的自行修改docker-compose.yml

登陆harbor

输入前面设定的IP即可打开Harbor登陆界面,不能者请检查网络设定以及iptables等。

docker grafana 无法登录 docker login失败_docker_02

缺省的用户名和密码

缺省用户名

密码

admin

Harbor12345

也可以自行再注册一个用户。

管理主界面

docker grafana 无法登录 docker login失败_私有仓库_03

docker login

login的时候指定在docker.service中设定的IP。

[root@liumiaocn ~]# docker login 192.168.32.131
Username: admin
Password:
Login Succeeded
[root@liumiaocn ~]#

pull busybox

在本地pull一个busybox用于之后向Harbor进行push

[root@liumiaocn ~]# docker pull busybox
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/busybox
56bec22e3559: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:29f5d56d12684887bdfa50dcd29fc31eea4aaf4ad3bec43daf19026a7ce69912
Status: Downloaded newer image for busybox:latest
[root@liumiaocn ~]#

确认Harbor的library项目

Harbor缺省会创建一个library项目,可以看出当前的镜像数目是0

docker grafana 无法登录 docker login失败_Harbor_04

docker tag

[root@liumiaocn ~]# docker tag busybox:latest 192.168.32.131/library/busybox:latest
[root@liumiaocn ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY                       TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
busybox                          latest              e02e811dd08f        11 days ago         1.093 MB
192.168.32.131/library/busybox   latest              e02e811dd08f        11 days ago         1.093 MB
vmware/harbor-db                 0.4.1               bb0d8181f36f        2 weeks ago         324.2 MB
vmware/harbor-jobservice         0.4.1               5413608c9b6a        2 weeks ago         161.7 MB
vmware/harbor-ui                 0.4.1               7db965490f9b        2 weeks ago         224.4 MB
vmware/harbor-log                0.4.1               3ae2612dfe5e        2 weeks ago         185.3 MB
registry                         2.5.0               c6c14b3960bd        11 weeks ago        33.28 MB
nginx                            1.9.0               7e156d496c9f        17 months ago       132.8 MB
[root@liumiaocn ~]#

docker push

[root@liumiaocn ~]# docker push 192.168.32.131/library/busybox:latest
The push refers to a repository [192.168.32.131/library/busybox]
e88b3f82283b: Pushed
latest: digest: sha256:29f5d56d12684887bdfa50dcd29fc31eea4aaf4ad3bec43daf19026a7ce69912 size: 527
[root@liumiaocn ~]#

在Harbor上确认结果

library项目中的镜像数目已经从0变成了1

docker grafana 无法登录 docker login失败_私有仓库_05

library项目的镜像仓库详细信息

docker grafana 无法登录 docker login失败_f5_06

docker pull

事前准备,清除本地的busybox的所有信息

[root@liumiaocn ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY                       TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
192.168.32.131/library/busybox   latest              e02e811dd08f        11 days ago         1.093 MB
busybox                          latest              e02e811dd08f        11 days ago         1.093 MB
vmware/harbor-db                 0.4.1               bb0d8181f36f        2 weeks ago         324.2 MB
vmware/harbor-jobservice         0.4.1               5413608c9b6a        2 weeks ago         161.7 MB
vmware/harbor-ui                 0.4.1               7db965490f9b        2 weeks ago         224.4 MB
vmware/harbor-log                0.4.1               3ae2612dfe5e        2 weeks ago         185.3 MB
registry                         2.5.0               c6c14b3960bd        11 weeks ago        33.28 MB
nginx                            1.9.0               7e156d496c9f        17 months ago       132.8 MB
[root@liumiaocn ~]# docker rmi 192.168.32.131/library/busybox busybox
Untagged: 192.168.32.131/library/busybox:latest
Untagged: 192.168.32.131/library/busybox@sha256:29f5d56d12684887bdfa50dcd29fc31eea4aaf4ad3bec43daf19026a7ce69912
Untagged: busybox:latest
Untagged: busybox@sha256:29f5d56d12684887bdfa50dcd29fc31eea4aaf4ad3bec43daf19026a7ce69912
Deleted: sha256:e02e811dd08fd49e7f6032625495118e63f597eb150403d02e3238af1df240ba
Deleted: sha256:e88b3f82283bc59d5e0df427c824e9f95557e661fcb0ea15fb0fb6f97760f9d9
[root@liumiaocn ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY                 TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
vmware/harbor-db           0.4.1               bb0d8181f36f        2 weeks ago         324.2 MB
vmware/harbor-jobservice   0.4.1               5413608c9b6a        2 weeks ago         161.7 MB
vmware/harbor-ui           0.4.1               7db965490f9b        2 weeks ago         224.4 MB
vmware/harbor-log          0.4.1               3ae2612dfe5e        2 weeks ago         185.3 MB
registry                   2.5.0               c6c14b3960bd        11 weeks ago        33.28 MB
nginx                      1.9.0               7e156d496c9f        17 months ago       132.8 MB
[root@liumiaocn ~]#

docker pull
从Harbor的library项目中pull一个busybox的镜像

[root@liumiaocn ~]# docker pull 192.168.32.131/library/busybox:latest
latest: Pulling from library/busybox
56bec22e3559: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:29f5d56d12684887bdfa50dcd29fc31eea4aaf4ad3bec43daf19026a7ce69912
Status: Downloaded newer image for 192.168.32.131/library/busybox:latest
[root@liumiaocn ~]#

成功pull到本地

[root@liumiaocn ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY                       TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
192.168.32.131/library/busybox   latest              e02e811dd08f        11 days ago         1.093 MB
vmware/harbor-db                 0.4.1               bb0d8181f36f        2 weeks ago         324.2 MB
vmware/harbor-jobservice         0.4.1               5413608c9b6a        2 weeks ago         161.7 MB
vmware/harbor-ui                 0.4.1               7db965490f9b        2 weeks ago         224.4 MB
vmware/harbor-log                0.4.1               3ae2612dfe5e        2 weeks ago         185.3 MB
registry                         2.5.0               c6c14b3960bd        11 weeks ago        33.28 MB
nginx                            1.9.0               7e156d496c9f        17 months ago       132.8 MB
[root@liumiaocn ~]#

总结

本文是通过设定insecure-registry的方式,快速实现了在Harbor上管理镜像,可pull可push,但是Harbor如果只能做到这些,也不会有那么多追随者,比如多仓库的管理,策略的设定等等均可简单实现,在仓库管理的最佳实践方面还有很多东西可以自行探索。