tablespace offline是将tablespace 离线有normal等选项
，命令为 alter tablespace users offline normal;
SQL> select tablespace_name, status from dba_tablespaces;
TABLESPACE_NAME STATUS
------------------------------ ---------
SYSTEM ONLINE
SYSAUX ONLINE
UNDOTBS1 ONLINE
USERS OFFLINE
EXAMPLE ONLINE
UNDO_NOGUARANTEE ONLINE
UNDO_GUARANTEE ONLINE
NONCRIT ONLINE
TEST121217 ONLINE
SMALL ONLINE
TEMP02 ONLINE
INDEX_TEST1 ONLINE
NEW_TBS OFFLINE
将datafile offline，需要注意当online时需要进行meida recovery；
11:02:37 SYS@TEST>ALTER DATABASE DATAFILE 13 OFFLINE;
Database altered.
11:13:56 SYS@TEST>ALTER DATABASE DATAFILE 13 ONLINE;
ALTER DATABASE DATAFILE 13 ONLINE
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01113: file 13 needs media recovery
ORA-01110: data file 13: 'D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\TEST\NEW_TBS.DBF'
RMAN> RESTORE DATAFILE 13;
Starting restore at 07-MAY-13
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=148 device type=DISK
creating datafile file number=13 name=D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\TEST\NEW_TBS.DBF
restore not done; all files read only, offline, or already restored
Finished restore at 07-MAY-13
需要注意的是只是需要进行recover，并不需要restore，因为文件本身存在未损坏，recover是要将归档日志应用到离线的文件
RMAN> RECOVER DATAFILE 13;
Starting recover at 07-MAY-13
using channel ORA_DISK_1
starting media recovery
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 15 is already on disk as file D:\ORACLE\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG\2013_01_24\O1_MF_1_15_8J17J7Y8_.ARC
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 16 is already on disk as file D:\ORACLE\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG\2013_01_24\O1_MF_1_16_8J2FXDRL_.ARC
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 17 is already on disk as file D:\ORACLE\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG\2013_01_24\O1_MF_1_17_8J2HFHJY_.ARC
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 18 is already on disk as file D:\ORACLE\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG\2013_01_24\O1_MF_1_18_8J2HS7PW_.ARC
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 19 is already on disk as file D:\ORACLE\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG\2013_01_25\O1_MF_1_19_8J4CP21K_.ARC
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 20 is already on disk as file D:\ORACLE\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG\2013_02_11\O1_MF_1_20_8KKQFN9C_.ARC
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 21 is already on disk as file D:\ORACLE\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG\2013_02_11\O1_MF_1_21_8KKQFS1Q_.ARC
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 22 is already on disk as file D:\ORACLE\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG\2013_02_11\O1_MF_1_22_8KKQFYK6_.ARC
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 23 is already on disk as file D:\ORACLE\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG\2013_02_11\O1_MF_1_23_8KKQG35K_.ARC
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 24 is already on disk as file D:\ORACLE\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG\2013_02_11\O1_MF_1_24_8KKQG7WO_.ARC
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 25 is already on disk as file D:\ORACLE\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG\2013_02_11\O1_MF_1_25_8KKQGDNP_.ARC
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 26 is already on disk as file D:\ORACLE\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG\2013_02_19\O1_MF_1_26_8L6FQ13F_.ARC
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 27 is already on disk as file D:\ORACLE\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG\2013_02_27\O1_MF_1_27_8LVD2GR3_.ARC
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 28 is already on disk as file D:\ORACLE\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG\2013_02_27\O1_MF_1_28_8LVD2N14_.ARC
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 29 is already on disk as file D:\ORACLE\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG\2013_03_19\O1_MF_1_29_8NHZR642_.ARC
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 30 is already on disk as file D:\ORACLE\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG\2013_03_21\O1_MF_1_30_8NO5VRRQ_.ARC
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 31 is already on disk as file D:\ORACLE\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG\2013_03_25\O1_MF_1_31_8NZT0GN7_.ARC
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 32 is already on disk as file D:\ORACLE\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG\2013_04_09\O1_MF_1_32_8P71V8S6_.ARC
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 33 is already on disk as file D:\ORACLE\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG\2013_04_09\O1_MF_1_33_8P78BBX3_.ARC
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 34 is already on disk as file D:\ORACLE\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG\2013_04_11\O1_MF_1_34_8PDOSG43_.ARC
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 35 is already on disk as file D:\ORACLE\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG\2013_04_13\O1_MF_1_35_8PKLTO7H_.ARC
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 36 is already on disk as file D:\ORACLE\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG\2013_04_13\O1_MF_1_36_8PKM1G58_.ARC
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 37 is already on disk as file D:\ORACLE\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG\2013_05_07\O1_MF_1_37_8RJRK8J7_.ARC
archived log file name=D:\ORACLE\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG\2013_01_24\O1_MF_1_15_8J17J7Y8_.ARC thread=1 sequence=15
archived log file name=D:\ORACLE\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG\2013_01_24\O1_MF_1_16_8J2FXDRL_.ARC thread=1 sequence=16
archived log file name=D:\ORACLE\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG\2013_01_24\O1_MF_1_17_8J2HFHJY_.ARC thread=1 sequence=17
archived log file name=D:\ORACLE\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG\2013_01_24\O1_MF_1_18_8J2HS7PW_.ARC thread=1 sequence=18
archived log file name=D:\ORACLE\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG\2013_01_25\O1_MF_1_19_8J4CP21K_.ARC thread=1 sequence=19
archived log file name=D:\ORACLE\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG\2013_02_11\O1_MF_1_20_8KKQFN9C_.ARC thread=1 sequence=20
archived log file name=D:\ORACLE\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG\2013_02_11\O1_MF_1_21_8KKQFS1Q_.ARC thread=1 sequence=21
archived log file name=D:\ORACLE\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG\2013_02_11\O1_MF_1_22_8KKQFYK6_.ARC thread=1 sequence=22
archived log file name=D:\ORACLE\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG\2013_02_11\O1_MF_1_23_8KKQG35K_.ARC thread=1 sequence=23
archived log file name=D:\ORACLE\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG\2013_02_11\O1_MF_1_24_8KKQG7WO_.ARC thread=1 sequence=24
archived log file name=D:\ORACLE\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG\2013_02_11\O1_MF_1_25_8KKQGDNP_.ARC thread=1 sequence=25
archived log file name=D:\ORACLE\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG\2013_02_19\O1_MF_1_26_8L6FQ13F_.ARC thread=1 sequence=26
archived log file name=D:\ORACLE\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG\2013_02_27\O1_MF_1_27_8LVD2GR3_.ARC thread=1 sequence=27
archived log file name=D:\ORACLE\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG\2013_02_27\O1_MF_1_28_8LVD2N14_.ARC thread=1 sequence=28
archived log file name=D:\ORACLE\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG\2013_03_19\O1_MF_1_29_8NHZR642_.ARC thread=1 sequence=29
archived log file name=D:\ORACLE\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG\2013_03_21\O1_MF_1_30_8NO5VRRQ_.ARC thread=1 sequence=30
archived log file name=D:\ORACLE\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG\2013_03_25\O1_MF_1_31_8NZT0GN7_.ARC thread=1 sequence=31
archived log file name=D:\ORACLE\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG\2013_04_09\O1_MF_1_32_8P71V8S6_.ARC thread=1 sequence=32
archived log file name=D:\ORACLE\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG\2013_04_09\O1_MF_1_33_8P78BBX3_.ARC thread=1 sequence=33
archived log file name=D:\ORACLE\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG\2013_04_11\O1_MF_1_34_8PDOSG43_.ARC thread=1 sequence=34
archived log file name=D:\ORACLE\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG\2013_04_13\O1_MF_1_35_8PKLTO7H_.ARC thread=1 sequence=35
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:05
Finished recover at 07-MAY-13
