#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
//string构造函数
string a=string();
string b=string(15,'s');
const char *str="Oh,my good honey!";
string c=string(str);
string d=string(str,10);
string e=string(b,0,10);
string f=string(c.begin(),c.end());
//测试赋值结果
cout << "String a: " << a << endl; //
cout << "String b: " << b << endl; //sssssssssssssss
cout << "String c: " << c << endl; //Oh,my good honey!
cout << "String d: " << d << endl; //Oh,my good
cout << "String e: " << e << endl; //ssssssssss
cout << "String f: " << f << endl; //Oh,my good honey!
cout << endl;
//在字符串的末尾添加文本
a.append(c);
b.append(str);
c.append(str,10); //
d.append(b,2,11);
e.append(4,'q');
f.append(a.begin(),a.end());
//测试文本添加结果
cout << "String a: " << a << endl; //Oh,my good honey!
cout << "String b: " << b << endl; //sssssssssssssssOh,my good honey!
cout << "String c: " << c << endl; //Oh,my good honey!Oh,my good
cout << "String d: " << d << endl; //Oh,my goodsssssssssss
cout << "String e: " << e << endl; //ssssssssssqqqq
cout << "String f: " << f << endl; //Oh,my good honey!Oh,my good honey!
cout << endl;
//string赋值
a.assign(b);
b.assign(str);
c.assign(str,10);
d.assign(a,15,17);
e.assign(15,'z');
//测试赋值结果
cout << "String a: " << a << endl; //sssssssssssssssOh,my good honey!
cout << "String b: " << b << endl; //Oh,my good honey!
cout << "String c: " << c << endl; //Oh,my good
cout << "String d: " << d << endl; //Oh,my good honey!
cout << "String e: " << e << endl; //zzzzzzzzzzzzzzz
cout << endl;
//取字符串中指定位置的字符
cout << "The fourth character of String b: " << b.at(3) << endl; //The fourth character of String b: m
//测试字符串begin()和end()
string::iterator p_begin = b.begin();
string::iterator p_end = b.end();
cout << "b.begin() & b.end(): "; //b.begin() & b.end(): Oh,my good honey!
for(;p_begin < p_end;p_begin++)
cout << *p_begin;
cout << endl;
//测试c_str()
char *ce = (char *)b.c_str();
cout << "b.c_str(): " << ce << endl; //b.c_str(): Oh,my good honey!
//测试capacity
cout << "b.capacity():" << b.capacity() << " b.size():" << b.size() << endl; //b.capacity():32 b.size():17
//比较两个字符串
int fl = a.compare(b);
if(fl > 0)
cout << "String a is bigger than String b." << endl; //String a is bigger than String b.
else if(fl < 0)
cout << "String a is equal to String b." << endl;
else
cout << "String a is smaller than String b." << endl;
//将字符串复制到字符数组
char arr[20];
memset(arr,'\0',20);
b.copy(arr,20,0);
cout << "The character array is: " << arr << endl; //The character array is: Oh,my good honey!
//指向字符串第一个字符的指针
char *pstr=(char*)(b.data());
cout << "Point to the first character of String b: " << pstr << endl; // Point to the first character of String b: Oh,my good honey!
//判断字符串是否为空
cout<< "Is string b empty? Answer: " << boolalpha << b.empty() << endl; //Is string b empty? Answer: false
//删除指定的字符集
cout << "Delete the appointed character[2,4): " << b.erase(2,2) << endl; //Delete the appointed character[2,4): Ohy good honey!
//查找字符在字符串中首次出现的位置
cout << "The position of character \'g\' appear in String b: " << b.find('g',0) << endl; //The position of character 'g' appear in String b: 4
//查找字符串个任意一个字符在另一个字符串中出现的位置
cout << "The position of any character of \"abcd\" appear in String b: " << b.find_first_of("abcd",0) << endl; //The position of any character of "abcd" appear in String b: 7
//查找字符串个任意一个字符在另一个字符串都没有出现的位置
cout << "The position of any character of \"Oh,my\" appear in String b: " //The position of any character of "Oh,my" appear in String b: 3
<< b.find_first_not_of("Oh,my",0) << endl;
//字符串的长度，不包括字符串结束符，和b.size()的返回值一样
cout << "The length of String b is: " << b.length() << endl; //The length of String b is: 15
//字符串中最多能保存的字符数
cout << "The max_size the the String b can be holded: " << b.max_size() << endl; //The max_size the the String b can be holded: 9223372036854775807
//rbegin() & rend()
cout << "rbegin() & rend(): "; //rbegin() & rend(): !yenoh doog yhO
string::reverse_iterator r_begin = b.rbegin();
string::reverse_iterator r_end = b.rend();
for(;r_begin < r_end;r_begin++)
cout << *r_begin;
cout << endl;
//替换字符串中从一个位置到另一个位置的字符集
cout << "After replace[2,7),the result is: " << b.replace(2,5," bad") << endl; //After replace[2,7),the result is: Oh badd honey!
//设置字符串的保留空间,第一次的值为31,以后每次增加32
//即若reserve的参数大于31+32(n),小于等于31+32(n+1),则capacity的值为31+32(n+1)
cout << "Before reserve,the space is: " << b.capacity() << endl; //Before reserve,the space is: 32
b.reserve(35);
cout << "After reserve,the space is: " << b.capacity() << endl; //After reserve,the space is: 64
//改变字符的大小,若设置的大小n小于字符串的长度，则字符串变为由前n个字符组成
cout << "Before resize,the size is: " << b.size() << endl; //Before resize,the size is: 14
b.resize(10);
cout << "After resize,the size is: " << b.size() << " String b:" << b << endl; //After resize,the size is: 10 String b:Oh badd ho
//查找字符在字符串中最后一次出现的位置
cout << "The position that the character \'h\' last appear: " << b.rfind("h") << endl; //The position that the character 'h' last appear: 8
//求一个字符串的子字符串
cout << "The substring of String b(3,4):" << b.substr(3,4) << endl << endl; //The substring of String b(3,4):badd
//交换两个字符串的值
cout << "Before swap,the strings are:" << endl; //Before swap,the strings are:
cout << "String a:" << a << endl; //String a:sssssssssssssssOh,my good honey!
cout << "String b:" << b << endl; //String b:Oh badd ho
b.swap(a);
cout << "After swap,the strings are:" << endl;//After swap,the strings are:
cout << "String a:" << a << endl; //String a:Oh badd ho
cout << "String b:" << b << endl << endl; //String b:sssssssssssssssOh,my good honey!
return 0;
}
