写在前面的
首先在调用微信的JS-SDK接口的时候需要仔细阅读一下官方的注意事项，否则可能事倍功半。这里先大概概述一下主要的流程，首先，使用微信扫一扫需要一个已经通过认证的公众号；其次，需要知道公众号的APPID以及APPSecrect，以便获取Access_Token和Ticket；再有就是需要了解.NET内部的SHA1的加密类；最后引用官方的JS，就可以了。
VIEW代码
- 需要注意的是，公众号一定要有域名绑定
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" />
<title>Index</title>
<script src="http://res.wx.qq.com/open/js/jweixin-1.1.0.js"> </script>
<script src="http://libs.baidu.com/jquery/2.0.0/jquery.js"></script>
<script src="~/Script/WxScanQRCode.js"></script>
<script>
wx.config({
debug: true, // 开启调试模式,调用的所有api的返回值会在客户端alert出来，若要查看传入的参数，可以在pc端打开，参数信息会通过log打出，仅在pc端时才会打印。
appId: '@ViewBag.appid', // 必填，公众号的唯一标识
timestamp: '@ViewBag.timestamp', // 必填，生成签名的时间戳
nonceStr: '@ViewBag.noncestr', // 必填，生成签名的随机串
signature: '@ViewBag.sinature',// 必填，签名
jsApiList: ['checkJsApi',
//这里的接口在官方文档中都有涉及，我们只需要调用微信扫一扫即可
//'chooseImage',
//'previewImage',
// 'uploadImage',
// 'downloadImage',
// 'getNetworkType',//网络状态接口
// 'openLocation',//使用微信内置地图查看地理位置接口
// 'getLocation', //获取地理位置接口
// 'hideOptionMenu',//界面操作接口1
// 'showOptionMenu',//界面操作接口2
// 'closeWindow', 界面操作接口3
// 'hideMenuItems',界面操作接口4
// 'showMenuItems',界面操作接口5
// 'hideAllNonBaseMenuItem',界面操作接口6
// 'showAllNonBaseMenuItem',界面操作接口7
'scanQRCode'// 微信扫一扫接口
]
});
<!--开始扫描-->
function scan(){
wx.ready(function () {
var _scan = document.getElementById("url");
_scan.value = window.location.href;
wx.scanQRCode({
needResult: 1,
desc: 'scanQRCode desc',
success: function (res) {
alert(JSON.stringify(res));
}
});
})
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div>
<input type="text" name ="url" id="url">
<button id="scanbutton" type="button" onclick="scan()">click here to scan</button>
</div>
</body>
</html>Controller代码
- 首先，我们需要根据APPID和APPSecrect来获取Access_Token，之后根据AccessToken来获取jsapi_ticket。最后，在Controller内部生成时间戳，随机字符串，之后将ticket以及前两者根据SHA1加密成签名,并发送给微信服务器，通过认证之后，这样就可以调用扫一扫的接口了。
public ActionResult Index()
{
//获取ACCESS_TOKEN
string _url = Request.Url.ToString();
//获取Ticket
string _ticket = Requestjsapi_ticket(Request_Url());
//获取ticket
string _finalticket = _ticket;
//获取noncestr
string _noncestr = CreatenNonce_str();
//获取timestamp
long _timestamp = CreatenTimestamp();
//获取sinature
string _sinature = GetSignature(_finalticket, _noncestr, _timestamp, _url).ToLower();
ViewBag.appid = "这里填写你的APPID";
ViewBag.timestamp = _timestamp;
ViewBag.noncestr = _noncestr;
ViewBag.sinature = _sinature;
return View();
}
//获取AccessToken
public static string Request_Url()
{
// 设置参数
string _appid = "这里写入你的APPID";
string _appsecret = "这里写入你的APPSecrect";
string _url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid=" + _appid + "&secret=" + _appsecret;
string method = "GET";
HttpWebRequest request = WebRequest.Create(_url) as HttpWebRequest;
CookieContainer cookieContainer = new CookieContainer();
request.CookieContainer = cookieContainer;
request.AllowAutoRedirect = true;
request.Method = method;
request.ContentType = "text/html";
request.Headers.Add("charset", "utf-8");
//发送请求并获取相应回应数据
HttpWebResponse response = request.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse;
//直到request.GetResponse()程序才开始向目标网页发送Post请求
Stream responseStream = response.GetResponseStream();
StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(responseStream, Encoding.UTF8);
//返回结果网页（html）代码
string content = sr.ReadToEnd();
//由于微信服务器返回的JSON串中包含了很多信息，我们只需要将AccessToken获取就可以了，需要将JSON拆分
String[] str = content.Split('"');
content = str[3];
return content;
}
//根据AccessToken来获取jsapi_ticket
public static string Requestjsapi_ticket(string accesstoken)
{
string _accesstoken = accesstoken;
string url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/ticket/getticket?access_token=" + _accesstoken + "&type=jsapi";
string method = "GET";
HttpWebRequest request = WebRequest.Create(url) as HttpWebRequest;
CookieContainer cookieContainer = new CookieContainer();
request.CookieContainer = cookieContainer;
request.AllowAutoRedirect = true;
request.Method = method;
request.ContentType = "text/html";
request.Headers.Add("charset", "utf-8");
//发送请求并获取相应回应数据
HttpWebResponse response = request.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse;
//直到request.GetResponse()程序才开始向目标网页发送Post请求
Stream responseStream = response.GetResponseStream();
StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(responseStream, Encoding.UTF8);
//返回结果网页（html）代码
string content = sr.ReadToEnd();
//同样，返回的JSON中只要取出ticket的信息即可
String[] str = content.Split('"');
content = str[9];
return content;
}
//接下来就是辅助工具类，生成随机字符串
#region 字符串随机 CreatenNonce_str()
private static string[] strs = new string[]
{
"a","b","c","d","e","f","g","h","i","j","k","l","m","n","o","p","q","r","s","t","u","v","w","x","y","z",
"A","B","C","D","E","F","G","H","I","J","K","L","M","N","O","P","Q","R","S","T","U","V","W","X","Y","Z"
};
public static string CreatenNonce_str()
{
Random r = new Random();
var sb = new StringBuilder();
var length = strs.Length;
for (int i = 0; i < 15; i++)
{
sb.Append(strs[r.Next(length - 1)]);
}
return sb.ToString();
}
#endregion
//生成时间戳，备用
#region 时间戳生成 CreatenTimestamp()
public static long CreatenTimestamp()
{
return (DateTime.Now.ToUniversalTime().Ticks - 621355968000000000) / 10000000;
}
#endregion
//获取签名，这里的三个参数分别为前面生成的ticket，随机字符串以及时间戳
#region 获取签名 GetSignature()
public static string GetSignature(string jsapi_ticket, string noncestr, long timestamp,string url)
{
var string1Builder = new StringBuilder();
string1Builder.Append("jsapi_ticket=").Append(jsapi_ticket).Append("&")
.Append("noncestr=").Append(noncestr).Append("&")
.Append("timestamp=").Append(timestamp).Append("&")
.Append("url=").Append(url.IndexOf("#") >= 0 ? url.Substring(0, url.IndexOf("#")) : url);
return SHA1(string1Builder.ToString());
}
#endregion
//最后就是SHA1的加密算法工具
#region 加密签名算法 SHA1(content)
//加密签名算法
public static string SHA1(string content)
{
return SHA1(content, Encoding.UTF8);
}
//加密签名
public static string SHA1(string content, Encoding encode)
{
try
{
SHA1 sha1 = new SHA1CryptoServiceProvider();
byte[] bytes_in = encode.GetBytes(content);
byte[] bytes_out = sha1.ComputeHash(bytes_in);
sha1.Dispose();
string result = BitConverter.ToString(bytes_out);
result = result.Replace("-", "");
return result;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw new Exception("SHA1加密出错：" + ex.Message);
}
}
#endregion总结
- 代码复制即可使用，需要注意的还是公众号的认证，域名的绑定，以及最后加密算法生成的字符串的正确性，少了哪一步，我们都不会得到一个正确的返回结果。
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