实习阶段，今天没什么事可做，就写个通讯录玩玩，供大家参考一下具体实现方法和步骤，希望对大家有用。
首先作为通讯录总得有数据吧，那数据怎么来，又该如何显示呢，我用SQLite存储读写数据的。
先给大家看看效果图吧：
图1.当没有添加时的显示内容
图2.插入数据时的显示界面
图3.添加联系人信息
图四.上下文菜单显示信息
图五.单击某通讯录一员时的弹窗界面
可以看到右下角还有一个向上的按钮图片，它表示当数据较多需要分页滑动时，点击此按钮可以回到顶部（代码就一行，下面会有代码表示的）。
由此我们可以想到如何设计页面，主页面布局中主要有三个组件，一个无疑是ListView，一个是当数据为空时的TextView，另一个就是右下角的至顶按钮了（activity_main.xml）。
另外我们还需要设计一个XML布局用来显示每一条数据（即每一个通讯录用户），它包括头像，姓名，手机号码（item_listview_main.xml）。
另外我还创建了
以及在menu文件夹下创建了
分别表示插入时显示的界面，和菜单界面内容。看代码大家就应该清楚了。
还是直接上代码吧：
MySQLiteOpenHelper.java（数据库类）
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import android.content.Context;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper;
public class MySQLiteOpenHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {
// 数据库的名字
private final static String DB_NAME = "db_mycontacts.db";
// 数据库版本号
private final static int VERSION = 1;
// 数据库操作对象
public SQLiteDatabase dbConn;
public MySQLiteOpenHelper(Context context) {
super(context, DB_NAME, null, VERSION);
dbConn = this.getReadableDatabase();
}
// 创建数据库和其中的表结构的
@Override
public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {
// 创建表结构
db.execSQL("create table if not exists tb_mycontacts(_id integer primary key autoincrement , username , phonenumber)");
}
// 更新数据库及其中的 表结构的
@Override
public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
// 如果新的版本号高于旧的版本号
if (newVersion > oldVersion) {
// 删除表结构
db.execSQL("drop table if exists tb_mycontacts");
onCreate(db);
}
}
/**
* @作用：执行带占位符的select语句，查询数据，返回Cursor
* @param sql
* @param selectionArgs
* @return Cursor
*/
public Cursor selectCursor(String sql, String[] selectionArgs) {
return dbConn.rawQuery(sql, selectionArgs);
}
/**
* @作用：执行带占位符的select语句，返回结果集的个数
* @param sql
* @param selectionArgs
* @return int
*/
public int selectCount(String sql, String[] selectionArgs) {
Cursor cursor = dbConn.rawQuery(sql, selectionArgs);
if (cursor != null) {
cursor.moveToFirst();
int count = cursor.getInt(0);
cursor.close();
return count;
} else {
return 0;
}
}
/**
* @作用：执行带占位符的select语句，返回多条数据，放进List集合中。
* @param sql
* @param selectionArgs
* @return List<Map<String, Object>>
*/
public List<Map<String, Object>> selectList(String sql,
String[] selectionArgs) {
Cursor cursor = dbConn.rawQuery(sql, selectionArgs);
return cursorToList(cursor);
}
/**
* @作用：将Cursor对象转成List集合
* @param Cursor
* cursor
* @return List<Map<String, Object>>集合
*/
public List<Map<String, Object>> cursorToList(Cursor cursor) {
List<Map<String, Object>> list = new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>();
String[] arrColumnName = cursor.getColumnNames();
while (cursor.moveToNext()) {
Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
for (int i = 0; i < arrColumnName.length; i++) {
Object cols_value = cursor.getString(i);
// switch (cursor.getType(i)) {
// case 1:
// cols_value = cursor.getInt(i);
// break;
// case 2:
// cols_value = cursor.getFloat(i);
// break;
// case 3:
// cols_value = cursor.getString(i);
// break;
// case 4:
// cols_value = cursor.getBlob(i);
// break;
// default:
// break;
// }
map.put(arrColumnName[i], cols_value);
}
list.add(map);
}
if (cursor != null) {
cursor.close();
}
return list;
}
/**
* @作用：执行带占位符的update、insert、delete语句，更新数据库，返回true或false
* @param sql
* @param bindArgs
* @return boolean
*/
public boolean execData(String sql, Object[] bindArgs) {
try {
dbConn.execSQL(sql, bindArgs);
return true;
} catch (Exception e) {
return false;
}
}
public void destroy() {
if (dbConn != null) {
dbConn.close();
}
}
}MainActivity.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlertDialog.Builder;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.content.DialogInterface.OnClickListener;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.ContextMenu;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ContextMenu.ContextMenuInfo;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.AdapterView.AdapterContextMenuInfo;
import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.SimpleAdapter;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private MySQLiteOpenHelper dbHelper = null;
private TextView emptyText;
private ListView lv_main;
private SimpleAdapter adapter = null;
private List<Map<String, Object>> totalList = new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>();
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
dbHelper = new MySQLiteOpenHelper(this);
lv_main = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.listView_main);
emptyText = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView_empty);
totalList = getcontent();
adapter = new SimpleAdapter(this, totalList, R.layout.item_listview_main,
new String[] { "phonenumber", "username" },
new int[] { R.id.textView_item_phonenumber, R.id.textView_item_username });
lv_main.setAdapter(adapter);
lv_main.setEmptyView(emptyText);
registerForContextMenu(lv_main);
lv_main.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() {
@Override
public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> arg0, View arg1, int arg2, long arg3) {
final String number = totalList.get(arg2).get("phonenumber").toString();
Builder builder = createAlertDialog(android.R.drawable.stat_sys_phone_call, "确定要拨打: " + number + " ？");
builder.setPositiveButton("拨打", new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_CALL);
intent.setData(Uri.parse("tel:" + number));
startActivity(intent);
}
});
builder.show();
}
});
}
private List<Map<String, Object>> getcontent() {
return dbHelper.selectList("select * from tb_mycontacts", null);
}
@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
// Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
switch (item.getItemId()) {
case R.id.action_insert:
Builder builder_insert = createAlertDialog(android.R.drawable.ic_dialog_alert, "添加联系人信息");
View view = getLayoutInflater().inflate(R.layout.dialog_insert, null);
final EditText et_name = (EditText) view.findViewById(R.id.editText_dialog_name);
final EditText et_number = (EditText) view.findViewById(R.id.editText_dialog_number);
builder_insert.setView(view);
builder_insert.setPositiveButton("确定", new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
String name = et_name.getText() + "";
String number = et_number.getText() + "";
if (name.equals("") || number.equals("")) {
toast("whta are you 弄啥咧？");
} else {
String sql = "insert into tb_mycontacts(username, phonenumber)values(?,?)";
boolean flag = dbHelper.execData(sql, new Object[] { name, number });
if (flag) {
toast("插入成功！");
reloadView();
} else {
toast("插入失败！");
}
}
}
});
builder_insert.show();
break;
case R.id.action_deleteAll:
Builder builder_delete = createAlertDialog(android.R.drawable.ic_menu_delete, "确定要删除所有数据？");
builder_delete.setPositiveButton("删除", new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
String sql = "delete from tb_mycontacts";
boolean flag = dbHelper.deleteData(sql);
if (flag) {
toast("删除所有数据成功！");
reloadView();
} else {
toast("删除所有数据失败！");
}
}
});
builder_delete.show();
default:
break;
}
return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
}
@Override
public void onCreateContextMenu(ContextMenu menu, View v, ContextMenuInfo menuInfo) {
super.onCreateContextMenu(menu, v, menuInfo);
AdapterContextMenuInfo info = (AdapterContextMenuInfo) menuInfo;
menu.setHeaderIcon(android.R.drawable.btn_dialog);
String name = totalList.get(info.position).get("username").toString();
String number = totalList.get(info.position).get("phonenumber").toString();
menu.setHeaderTitle(name + "|" + number);
getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.contextmenu_listview_main, menu);
}
@Override
public boolean onContextItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
AdapterContextMenuInfo info = (AdapterContextMenuInfo) item.getMenuInfo();
String name = totalList.get(info.position).get("username").toString();
String number = totalList.get(info.position).get("phonenumber").toString();
final String _id = totalList.get(info.position).get("_id").toString();
switch (item.getItemId()) {
case R.id.action_delete:
Builder builder_dele = createAlertDialog(android.R.drawable.ic_delete, "确定要删除？");
builder_dele.setPositiveButton("删除", new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
String sql = "delete from tb_mycontacts where _id=?";
boolean flag = dbHelper.execData(sql, new Object[] { _id });
if (flag) {
toast("删除数据成功！");
reloadView();
} else {
toast("删除数据失败！");
}
}
});
builder_dele.show();
break;
case R.id.action_update:
Builder builder_update = createAlertDialog(android.R.drawable.ic_dialog_alert, "修改联系人信息");
View view = getLayoutInflater().inflate(R.layout.dialog_update, null);
final EditText editText_name = (EditText) view.findViewById(R.id.editText_dialog_name);
final EditText editText_number = (EditText) view.findViewById(R.id.editText_dialog_number);
// 因为是更新，所以两个控件里应该有初始值
editText_name.setText(name);
editText_number.setText(number);
builder_update.setView(view);
builder_update.setPositiveButton("确认", new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
String name_sure = editText_name.getText() + "";
String number_sure = editText_number.getText() + "";
String sql = "update tb_mycontacts set username=? , phonenumber=? where _id=?";
boolean flag = dbHelper.execData(sql, new Object[] { name_sure, number_sure, _id });
if (flag) {
toast("更新数据成功！");
reloadView();
} else {
toast("更新数据失败！");
}
}
});
builder_update.show();
break;
case R.id.action_sendsms:
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO);
intent.setData(Uri.parse("smsto:" + number));
intent.putExtra("sms_body", "dont't call me!");
startActivity(intent);
break;
default:
break;
}
return super.onContextItemSelected(item);
}
protected void reloadView() {
totalList.clear();
totalList.addAll(getcontent());
adapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
}
public void clickButton(View view) {
lv_main.setSelection(0);
}
protected void toast(String string) {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, string, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
private Builder createAlertDialog(int icDialogAlert, String string) {
Builder builder = new Builder(this);
builder.setIcon(icDialogAlert);
builder.setTitle(string);
builder.setNegativeButton("取消", null);
return builder;
}
}
activity_main.xml:<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent" >
<ListView
android:id="@+id/listView_main"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentLeft="true" >
</ListView>
<ImageView
android:id="@+id/imageView_totop"
android:layout_width="50dp"
android:layout_height="50dp"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
android:layout_marginBottom="10dp"
android:layout_marginRight="10dp"
android:onClick="clickButton"
android:src="@drawable/lv_backtotop" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textView_empty"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:gravity="center"
android:textSize="20sp"
android:textColor="#00f"
android:text="暂无联系人信息！" />
</RelativeLayout>dialog_insert.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<EditText
android:id="@+id/editText_dialog_name"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:ems="10"
android:hint="请输入联系人姓名">
<requestFocus />
</EditText>
<EditText
android:id="@+id/editText_dialog_number"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:ems="10"
android:inputType="phone"
android:hint="输入电话号码"/>
</LinearLayout>
dialog_update.xml:<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<EditText
android:id="@+id/editText_dialog_name"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:ems="10"
android:hint="联系人" >
<requestFocus />
</EditText>
<EditText
android:id="@+id/editText_dialog_number"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:ems="10"
android:hint="手机号码"
android:inputType="phone" />
</LinearLayout>
item_listview_main.xml:
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent" >
<ImageView
android:id="@+id/imageView_item_headpic"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
android:src="@drawable/ic_launcher" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textView_item_username"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
android:layout_marginLeft="20dp"
android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/imageView_item_headpic"
android:textSize="24sp"
android:textColor="#00f"
android:text="TextView" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textView_item_phonenumber"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignBottom="@+id/imageView_item_headpic"
android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/textView_item_username"
android:text="TextView" />
</RelativeLayout>contextmenu_listview_main.xml(menu文件夹下):
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" >
<item
android:id="@+id/action_delete"
android:title="删除"/>
<item
android:id="@+id/action_update"
android:title="更新"/>
<item
android:id="@+id/action_sendsms"
android:title="发短信"/>
</menu>
main.xml:(menu文件夹下)<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" >
<item
android:id="@+id/action_insert"
android:orderInCategory="100"
android:showAsAction="never"
android:title="插入新数据"/>
<item
android:id="@+id/action_deleteAll"
android:orderInCategory="100"
android:showAsAction="never"
android:title="删除所有数据"/>
</menu>最后记得在AndroidManifest.xml中加入拨打电话和发短信的权限哦
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SEND_SMS"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CALL_PHONE"/>最后附上源代码下载地址吧！
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