工欲善其事,必先利其器,啥都不说,hadoop下载:http://archive.cloudera.com/cdh5/cdh/5/  选择好相应版本搞起

在本文讲述的是 围绕hadoop-2.3.0-cdh5.1.2版本安装过程。(安装环境为自己在VMWare 10里面搭建的三台linux 虚拟机)

1、hadoop 是大apache开源的分布式离线计算框架,语言:java,既然这样,要想搭建hadoop环境(不管伪分布式 还是多机集群),那必须在服务器上安装好jdk。

      简单过程简单说,简要描述下jdk安装配置过程(据说,hadoop-2.3.0需要jdk1.7+版本支持,咱也不管了,那就装吧,版本:jdk-7u67-linux-i586.tar.gz,安装新jdk之前记得找到linux自带的jdk版本并删除,不明白处自百之)

a、解压到/usr/java目录下
                        tar  xvf jdk-7u67-linux-i586.tar.gz  -C /usr/java
            b、 vi /etc/profile
 export   JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_67
                        export   CLASSPATH=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_67/lib
                        export   PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
            c、source /etc/profile //不重启服务器情况下,这句让配置文件生效
            d、java -version  //验证jdk是否正确安装

2、我们先规划好三台机,并制定好 三台机之后的角色:

主机名    ip                            角色

master  192.168.140.128    NameNode    ResourceManager

slave1   192.168.140.129    DateNode     NodeManager

slave2    192.168.140.130    DateNode     NodeManager

 

3、修改 主机名:

      root 权限下:vi /etc/sysconfig/network

HOSTNAME=master (同理 两台slave主机也要修改此配置,并分配相应的名字)

( 同理 两台slave主机也要修改此配置,并分配相应的hosts对应关系)   
           127.0.0.1 master
           192.168.140.129 slave1
           192.168.140.130 slave2

      修改完重启:reboot

4、建立hadoop用户(包括两台slave):

         useradd hadoop  

        passwd hadoop 

5、master上配置SSH免密码登录

su  hadoop  //切换到hadoop用户目录下
   ssh-keygen-t rsa(一路回车 生成密钥)
   cd/home/hadoop/.ssh/
     ls  //查看是否有生成两个文件 id_rsa.pub id_rsa

6、同步ssh信息到两台slave,  登录两台slave

      mkdir /home/hadoop/.ssh

      scp  id_rsa.pub hadoop@slave1:/home/hadoop/.ssh/ 

      mv id_rsa.pub authorized_keys

7、新建hadoop安装目录  (root权限下操作)

      mkdir -p /data/hadoop
8、 解压下载下来的hadoop安装包到安装目录(root权限下操作)

      tar xvf hadoop-2.3.0-cdh5.1.2.tar.gz -C/data/hadoop
9、将安装目录权限赋予给 hadoop用户:(root权限下操作)

      chown -R hadoop.hadoop /data/hadoop/
10、配置hadoop安装信息和路径(root权限下操作)

vi /etc/profile (在最后加上下面内容)
            export HADOOP_HOME=/data/hadoop
            export PATH=$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
       source /etc/profile  //让配置生效

11、master上/data/hadoop/etc/hadoop
      vi slaves
           slave1
           slave2
      vi masters
           master
12、修改如下几个文件,并在中间添加以下相应内容:

a、vi core-site.xml

<configuration>
        <property>
               <name>fs.defaultFS</name>
               <value>hdfs://master:9000</value>
        </property>
        <property>
               <name>io.file.buffer.size</name>
               <value>131072</value>
        </property>
        <property>
               <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
               <value>file:/data/hadoop/tmp</value>
        </property>
</configuration>
b、vi hdfs-site.xml 
<configuration>
        <property>
               <name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>
               <value>file:/data/hadoop/dfs/name</value>
        </property>
        <property>
               <name>dfs.namenode.data.dir</name>
               <value>file:/data/hadoop/dfs/data</value>
        </property>
        <property>
               <name>dfs.replication</name>   
               <value>2</value> 
        </property>
</configuration>
c、vi yarn-site.xml
<configuration>
        <property>
               <name>yarn.resourcemanager.address</name>
               <value>master:8032</value>
        </property>
        <property>
               <name>yarn.resourcemanager.scheduler.address</name>
               <value>master:8030</value>
        </property>
        <property>
               <name>yarn.resourcemanager.resource-tracker.address</name>
               <value>master:8031</value>
        </property>
        <property>
               <name>yarn.resourcemanager.admin.address</name>
               <value>master:8033</value>
        </property>
        <property>
               <name>yarn.resourcemanager.webapp.address</name>
               <value>master:8088</value>
        </property>
        <property>
               <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
               <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
        </property>
        <property>
               <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services.mapreduce.shuffle.class</name>
               <value>org.apache.hadoop.mapred.ShuffleHandler</value>
        </property>
</configuration>
d、mapred-site.xml
<configuration>
        <property>
               <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
               <value>yarn</value>
        </property>
        <property>
               <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.address</name>
               <value>master:10020</value>
        </property>
        <property>
               <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.webapp.address</name>
               <value>master:19888</value>
        </property>
</configuration>

至此 配置文件基本配置完毕。

13、将master上的hadoop安装文件同步到slave1 slave2,(hadop用户权限下即可)

cd /data/hadoop
       scp -r /data/hadoop/*hadoop@slave1:/data/hadoop/         //同步到slave1      scp -r /data/hadoop/*hadoop@slave2:/data/hadoop/         //同步到slave2

14、最后我们来到 /data/hadoop/bin目录下

./hadoop namenode -format   //启动hadoop

 

15、如果没有报错信息,基本是可以说 hadoop起来了,随便截取了最后几段日志:

15/01/13 18:08:10 INFO util.GSet:VM type       = 32-bit
15/01/13 18:08:10 INFO util.GSet:0.25% max memory 966.7 MB = 2.4 MB
15/01/13 18:08:10 INFO util.GSet:capacity      = 2^19 = 524288 entries
15/01/13 18:08:10 INFOnamenode.FSNamesystem: dfs.namenode.safemode.threshold-pct = 0.9990000128746033
15/01/13 18:08:10 INFOnamenode.FSNamesystem: dfs.namenode.safemode.min.datanodes = 0
15/01/13 18:08:10 INFOnamenode.FSNamesystem: dfs.namenode.safemode.extension     = 30000
15/01/13 18:08:10 INFOnamenode.FSNamesystem: Retry cache on namenode is enabled
15/01/13 18:08:10 INFOnamenode.FSNamesystem: Retry cache will use 0.03 of total heap and retry cacheentry expiry time is 600000 millis
15/01/13 18:08:10 INFO util.GSet:Computing capacity for map NameNodeRetryCache
15/01/13 18:08:10 INFO util.GSet:VM type       = 32-bit
15/01/13 18:08:10 INFO util.GSet:0.029999999329447746% max memory 966.7 MB = 297.0 KB
15/01/13 18:08:10 INFO util.GSet:capacity      = 2^16 = 65536 entries
15/01/13 18:08:10 INFOnamenode.AclConfigFlag: ACLs enabled? false
Re-format filesystem in StorageDirectory /data/hadoop/dfs/name ? (Y or N) Y
15/01/13 18:08:17 INFOnamenode.FSImage: Allocated new BlockPoolId:BP-729401054-127.0.0.1-1421143697660
15/01/13 18:08:17 INFOcommon.Storage: Storage directory /data/hadoop/dfs/name has been successfullyformatted.
15/01/13 18:08:18 INFOnamenode.NNStorageRetentionManager: Going to retain 1 images with txid >= 0
15/01/13 18:08:18 INFOutil.ExitUtil: Exiting with status 0
15/01/13 18:08:18 INFOnamenode.NameNode: SHUTDOWN_MSG:
/************************************************************
SHUTDOWN_MSG: Shutting downNameNode at master/127.0.0.1
************************************************************/

程序员干久了,性格沉闷,言辞干瘪,简单的描述只为做个记录,多多指教。