一、前言
2022年圣诞节到来了，给大家画一棵圣诞树，希望大家都能安全地度过这个困难的时刻，希望所有糟糕的都是经历，所有的美好都会在之后到来，希望明年的还能画下新的一棵圣诞树。
总所周知，圣诞树(Christmas tree) 是圣诞节期间最有名的传统摆设。在过去，通常人们在圣诞前后把一棵常绿植物如松树弄进屋里或者在户外，并用圣诞灯和彩色的装饰物装饰。圣诞树在早期基督教活动是没有的，来源可能是早期欧洲部落里面的农作神祭祀习俗，基督教传至欧洲后成为崇拜的形式出现，最后被移植入圣诞节里面成为今天的圣诞树，现时圣诞树的摆设已和宗教毫无关系。
二、创意名
让我们用程序员的方式庆祝一下 2022 年这个特殊的圣诞节，使用 C 语言画出一棵带有装饰的简易圣诞树。
三、效果展示
画出的效果如下，非常的简易。
*
***
*****
*oo****
*********
*******o***
**O**OO
*********
***********
*************
**o************
**************o**
*************
*********Q**o**
**o***********Q**
Q*****o***O********
********J*****O******
***********************
*******************
*********************
*******J*****o*********
************O**o*********
**o******A**O******J*******
***************O*************
*****************O*******
**********A****************
*****************A*Ao*O***O**
**********o***O****************
*****************J***************
************o*Jo**************Q***o
|||||||
|||||||
|||||||
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|||||||四、实现步骤
绘制圣诞树，主要分为两个部分，分别为绘制圣诞树的树叶部分和绘制圣诞树的树干部分。
- 绘制树叶部分：
树叶部分考虑要分成多少层，每层的高度要多少，每层比上一层宽多少。
定义好之后，循环打印出树叶部分即可。
代码中还利用随机函数，随机给圣诞树添加一些装饰物，每次生成的装饰物位置都不一样，你可以更改不同礼物出现的几率和出现的类型，详见下一节的代码实现。 - 绘制树干部分：
定义好树干的宽度和高度，循环打印出树干部分即可。
五、编码实现
绘制圣诞树的代码非常地简洁，所以直接在一个main函数中实现了所有的功能，代码如下：
int main(void)
{
srand(time(NULL));
int leaf_level = 5; //圣诞树层数
int leaf_height = 6; //每层的高度
int leaf_add_width = 3; //每一层比上一层的宽度增加的倍数
int trunk_width = 3; //树干宽度
int trunk_height = 5; //树干高度
int canvas_width = (leaf_height + leaf_level * leaf_add_width - 1) * 2 - 1; //画出这颗圣诞树的画布宽度
int mid = canvas_width / 2; //圣诞树的中点
//画出圣诞树的叶子部分
for(int i = 0; i < leaf_level; i++) {
for(int j = 0; j < leaf_height; j++) {
for(int k = 0; k < mid - i * leaf_add_width - j; k++) {
printf(" ");
}
for(int k = mid - i * leaf_add_width - j; k <= mid + i * leaf_add_width + j; k++) {
//随机画出一些礼物在圣诞树上
int shape = rand() % 120;
switch(shape) {
case 1 ... 5: printf("O"); break;
case 6 ... 10: printf("o"); break;
case 11: printf("J"); break;
case 12: printf("Q"); break;
case 13: printf("A"); break;
default: printf("*");
}
}
printf("\r\n");
}
}
//画出圣诞树的树干部分
for(int i = 0; i < trunk_height; i++) {
for(int k = 0; k < mid - trunk_width; k++) {
printf(" ");
}
for(int k = mid - trunk_width; k <= mid + trunk_width; k++) {
printf("|");
}
printf("\r\n");
}
return 0;
}
有了圣诞树之后，怎么能没有圣诞老人呢？
在文章的最后附赠一个圣诞老人的字符画，可以直接放在代码注释中，让圣诞老人给你带来祝福。
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