换到了一家新公司，于是就有了新的项目。这次的项目 要用Android SDK与USB HID设备进行通信。第一次接触Android SDK，以及USB，记录下源程序、开发过程以及一些心得。
首先，要感谢网上“先行者”们的无私帮助，使得开始的工作进展比较顺利。这里提及两个非常好的网址，我的源码借鉴了这两个网址很多：
http://www.android-doc.com/guide/topics/connectivity/usb/host.html
以下是程序源码（目前只开发到探测部分，具体通信部分有待完善）：
USB_Access.java:
package com.example.vrgate_usb;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Service;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.hardware.usb.*;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Hashtable;
import java.util.Iterator;
import android.widget.Toast;
import android.content.Context;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.app.PendingIntent;
import android.os.Handler;public class USBAccess extends Activity {
TextView View1 = null;
TextView View2 = null;
TextView View3 = null;
TextView View4 = null;
TextView View5 = null;
TextView View6 = null;
TextView View7 = null;
TextView View8 = null;
TextView View9 = null;
TextView View10 = null;
TextView View11 = null;
UsbManager myUsbManager;
UsbDevice myUsbDevice;
UsbInterface Interface[];
UsbDeviceConnection myDeviceConnection;
UsbEndpoint epBulkOut, epBulkIn;
UsbEndpoint epControl;
UsbEndpoint epIntOut, epIntIn;
int VendorID;
int ProductID;
//private static final String ACTION_USB_PERMISSION = "com.android.example.USB_PERMISSION";
private static int TIMEOUT = 300;
int ret = -1;
byte[] recvBuffer = new byte[256];
usb_hid usbHid;
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.usb_access);
/*
//usbHid = new usb_hid(this);
usbHid = usb_hid.getInstance(this);
if (usbHid.getUsbDevice() == 0)
{
this.setTitle("已连接0设备");
}
else if(usbHid.getUsbDevice() == -1)
{
this.setTitle("已连接-1设备");
}
else if(usbHid.getUsbDevice() == -2)
{
this.setTitle("已连接-2设备");
}
else if(usbHid.getUsbDevice() == -3)
{
this.setTitle("已连接-3设备");
}
else
{
this.setTitle("已连接-9设备");
}*/
View1 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.Vendor_ID);
View2 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.Product_ID);
View3 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.Count);
View4 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.Interface_ID);
View5 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.Control_Endpoint);
View6 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.BulkIn_Endpoint);
View7 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.BulkOut_Endpoint);
View8 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.InterruptIn_Endpoint);
View9 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.InterruptOut_Endpoint);
View10 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.Serial_Number);
View11 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.Recv_Data);
// 获取UsbManager
myUsbManager = (UsbManager) getSystemService(Context.USB_SERVICE);
// 枚举设备
enumerateDevice(myUsbManager);
// 查找设备接口
ret = getDeviceInterface();
// 获取设备endpoint
if(ret == 0)
assignEndpoint(Interface[0]);
// 打开conn连接通道
if(ret == 0)
{
ret = openDevice(Interface[0]);
}
// 开始USB数据收发
if(ret == 0)
{
UsbReadThread thread = new UsbReadThread();
thread.start();
final Handler handler= new Handler();
final Runnable runnable = new Runnable() {
public void run() {
View11.setText("data 0:" + recvBuffer[0] + '\n'
+ "data 1:" + recvBuffer[1] + '\n'
+ "data 2:" + recvBuffer[2] + '\n'
+ "data 3:" + recvBuffer[3] + '\n');
}
};
final Thread t = new Thread() {
@Override
public void run() {
while(true)
{
handler.post(runnable); //加入到消息队列 这样没有启动新的线程，虽然没有报异常。但仍然阻塞ProgressDialog的显示
try
{
sleep(10); //直接调用
}
catch (InterruptedException e)
{
return;
}
}
}
};
t.start();
} }
public class UsbReadThread extends Thread {
@Override
public void run()
{
byte[] data = new byte[256];
while(true)
{
receiveMessageFromEndpoint();
//sendMessageToEndpoint(data);
}
}
}
@Override
public void onResume() {
super.onResume();
}
// 枚举设备函数
private void enumerateDevice(UsbManager mUsbManager)
{
System.out.println("开始进行枚举设备!\n");
if (mUsbManager == null)
{
System.out.println("创建UsbManager失败，请重新启动应用！");
Context context = getApplicationContext();
Toast.makeText(context, "创建UsbManager失败，请重新启动应用！", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
return;
}
else
{
HashMap<String, UsbDevice> deviceList = mUsbManager.getDeviceList();
if (!(deviceList.isEmpty()))
{
// deviceList不为空
System.out.println("已连接USB设备至PAD！\n");
System.out.println("deviceList is not null!");
Iterator<UsbDevice> deviceIterator = deviceList.values().iterator();
while (deviceIterator.hasNext())
{
UsbDevice device = deviceIterator.next();
// 输出设备信息
//Log.i(TAG, "DeviceInfo: " + device.getVendorId() + " , " + device.getProductId());
System.out.println("DeviceInfo:" + device.getVendorId() + " , " + device.getProductId());
// 保存设备VID和PID
VendorID = device.getVendorId();
ProductID = device.getProductId();
View1.setText("制造商 ID：" + VendorID); //东芝U盘：2352; VrGate Hid: 1155
View2.setText("产品ID：" + ProductID); //东芝U盘：25924; VrGate Hid: 22352
// 保存匹配到的设备
if (VendorID == 1155 && ProductID == 22352) {
//if (VendorID == 2352 && ProductID == 25924) {
myUsbDevice = device; // 获取USBDevice
System.out.println("发现待匹配设备:" + device.getVendorId() + "," + device.getProductId());
Context context = getApplicationContext();
Toast.makeText(context, "发现待匹配设备。", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
}
else
{
System.out.println("请连接USB设备至PAD！");
Context context = getApplicationContext();
Toast.makeText(context, "请连接USB设备至PAD！", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
}
// 寻找设备接口
private int getDeviceInterface()
{
if (myUsbDevice != null)
{
int count = -1;
//Log.d(TAG, "interfaceCounts : " + myUsbDevice.getInterfaceCount());
count = myUsbDevice.getInterfaceCount();
System.out.println("设备接口数：" + count);
View3.setText("设备接口数：" + count);
if (count <= 0)
return -2; Interface = new UsbInterface[count];
for (int i = 0; i < myUsbDevice.getInterfaceCount(); i++)
{
//UsbInterface intf = myUsbDevice.getInterface(i);
Interface[i] = myUsbDevice.getInterface(i); // 保存设备接口
System.out.println("成功获得设备接口:" + Interface[i].getId());
View4.setText("接口号：" + Interface[i].getId());
View1.setText("制造商 ID：" + VendorID + ";" + myUsbDevice.getInterfaceCount() + ";" + Interface[i].getInterfaceClass() + ";" + Interface[i].getInterfaceSubclass() + ";" + Interface[i].getInterfaceProtocol());
}
return 0;
}
else
{
System.out.println("设备为空！");
return -1;
}
} // 分配端点，IN | OUT，即输入输出；可以通过判断
private void assignEndpoint(UsbInterface mInterface)
{
if ((myUsbDevice != null) && (mInterface != null))
{
for (int i = 0; i < mInterface.getEndpointCount(); i++)
{
UsbEndpoint ep = mInterface.getEndpoint(i);
int type = ep.getType();
int direction = ep.getDirection();
// look for bulk endpoint
if (type == UsbConstants.USB_ENDPOINT_XFER_BULK)
{
if (direction == UsbConstants.USB_DIR_OUT)
{
epBulkOut = ep;
System.out.println("Find the BulkEndpointOut," + "index:" + i + "," + "使用端点号：" + epBulkOut.getEndpointNumber());
View7.setText("Find the BulkEndpointOut," + "index:" + i + "," + "使用端点号：" + epBulkOut.getEndpointNumber());
}
else
{
epBulkIn = ep;
System.out.println("Find the BulkEndpointIn:" + "index:" + i + "," + "使用端点号：" + epBulkIn.getEndpointNumber());
View6.setText("Find the BulkEndpointIn:" + "index:" + i + "," + "使用端点号：" + epBulkIn.getEndpointNumber());
}
}
// look for control endpoint
else if (type == UsbConstants.USB_ENDPOINT_XFER_CONTROL)
{
epControl = ep;
System.out.println("find the ControlEndPoint:" + "index:" + i + "," + "使用端点号：" + epControl.getEndpointNumber());
View5.setText("find the ControlEndPoint:" + "index:" + i + "," + "使用端点号：" + epControl.getEndpointNumber());
}
// look for interrupt endpoint
else if (type == UsbConstants.USB_ENDPOINT_XFER_INT)
{
if (direction == UsbConstants.USB_DIR_OUT)
{
epIntOut = ep;
System.out.println("find the InterruptEndpointOut:" + "index:" + i + "," + "使用端点号：" + epIntOut.getEndpointNumber());
View9.setText("find the InterruptEndpointOut:" + "index:" + i + "," + "使用端点号：" + epIntOut.getEndpointNumber());
}
else
{
epIntIn = ep;
System.out.println("find the InterruptEndpointIn:" + "index:" + i + "," + "使用端点号：" + epIntIn.getEndpointNumber());
View8.setText("find the InterruptEndpointIn:" + "index:" + i + "," + "使用端点号：" + epIntIn.getEndpointNumber());
}
}
}
if (epBulkOut == null && epBulkIn == null && epControl == null && epIntOut == null && epIntIn == null)
{
throw new IllegalArgumentException("not endpoint is founded!");
}
}
}
// 打开设备
public int openDevice(UsbInterface mInterface)
{
if (mInterface != null)
{
UsbDeviceConnection conn = null;
Context context = getApplicationContext();
// 在open前判断是否有连接权限；对于连接权限可以静态分配，也可以动态分配权限
if (myUsbManager.hasPermission(myUsbDevice))
{
conn = myUsbManager.openDevice(myUsbDevice); //此处与device_filter.xml中的值密切相关！
if (conn == null)
{
Toast.makeText(context, "打开设备失败，未找到该设备！", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
return -2;
}
}
else
{
Toast.makeText(context, "打开设备失败，无连接权限！", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
return -3;
}
if (conn.claimInterface(mInterface, true))
{
myDeviceConnection = conn;
//if (myDeviceConnection != null)// 到此你的android设备已经连上zigbee设备
{
System.out.println("open设备成功！");
Toast.makeText(context, "打开设备成功！", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
final String mySerial = myDeviceConnection.getSerial();
System.out.println("设备serial number：" + mySerial);
View10.setText("设备序列号：" + mySerial);
//View10.setText("端点数：" + mInterface.getEndpointCount());
return 0;
}
else
{
System.out.println("无法打开连接通道。");
Toast.makeText(context, "无法打开连接通道。", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
conn.close();
return -4;
}
}
return -1;
} // 发送数据
private void sendMessageToEndpoint(byte[] buffer)
{
//if (buffer == null)
// return; if(epIntOut != null)
{
// interruptOut传输
if (myDeviceConnection.bulkTransfer(epIntOut, buffer, buffer.length, 0) < 0)
{
System.out.println("interruptOut返回输出为 负数！\n");
recvBuffer[1] = -1;
recvBuffer[2] = -5;
return;
}
recvBuffer[1] = 4;
recvBuffer[2] = 6;
//System.out.println("Send Message Succeed.");
}
else if(epBulkOut != null)
{
// bulkOut传输
if (myDeviceConnection.bulkTransfer(epBulkOut, buffer, buffer.length, 0) < 0)
{
recvBuffer[1] = -7;
recvBuffer[2] = -5;
System.out.println("bulkOut返回输出为 负数！\n");
return;
}
recvBuffer[1] = 6;
recvBuffer[2] = 4;
//System.out.println("Send Message Succeed.");
}
}
// 从设备接收数据bulkIn
private byte[] receiveMessageFromEndpoint()
{
if(epIntIn != null)
{
if (myDeviceConnection.bulkTransfer(epIntIn, recvBuffer, 64, 0) < 0)
{
System.out.println("interruptIn返回输出为负数！\n");
recvBuffer[0] = -3;
recvBuffer[3] = -9;
return null;
}
//System.out.println("Receive Message Succeed！" + "数据返回" + myDeviceConnection.bulkTransfer(epBulkIn, recvBuffer, recvBuffer.length, 3000));
}
else if(epBulkIn != null)
{
recvBuffer[0] = 3;
recvBuffer[3] = 3;
if (myDeviceConnection.bulkTransfer(epBulkIn, recvBuffer, recvBuffer.length, 0) < 0)
{
recvBuffer[0] = -2;
recvBuffer[3] = -7;
System.out.println("BulkIn返回输出为 负数！\n");
return null;
}
//System.out.println("Receive Message Succeed！" + "数据返回" + myDeviceConnection.bulkTransfer(epBulkIn, recvBuffer, recvBuffer.length, 3000));
} return recvBuffer;
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