MapReduce实战之压缩/解压缩案例
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1 数据流的压缩和解压缩
CompressionCodec有两个方法可以用于轻松地压缩或解压缩数据。要想对正在被写入一个输出流的数据进行压缩，我们可以使用createOutputStream(OutputStreamout)方法创建一个CompressionOutputStream，将其以压缩格式写入底层的流。相反，要想对从输入流读取而来的数据进行解压缩，则调用createInputStream(InputStreamin)函数，从而获得一个CompressionInputStream，从而从底层的流读取未压缩的数据。
测试一下如下压缩方式：
DEFLATE | org.apache.hadoop.io.compress.DefaultCodec |
gzip | org.apache.hadoop.io.compress.GzipCodec |
bzip2 | org.apache.hadoop.io.compress.BZip2Codec |
package com.atguigu.mapreduce.compress;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.IOUtils;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.compress.CompressionCodec;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.compress.CompressionCodecFactory;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.compress.CompressionInputStream;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.compress.CompressionOutputStream;
import org.apache.hadoop.util.ReflectionUtils;
public class TestCompress {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
compress("e:/hello.txt","org.apache.hadoop.io.compress.BZip2Codec");
// decompress("e:/hello.txt.bz2");
}
// 压缩
private static void compress(String filename, String method) throws Exception {
// 1 获取输入流
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(new File(filename));
Class codecClass = Class.forName(method);
CompressionCodec codec = (CompressionCodec) ReflectionUtils.newInstance(codecClass, new Configuration());
// 2 获取输出流
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(new File(filename +codec.getDefaultExtension()));
CompressionOutputStream cos = codec.createOutputStream(fos);
// 3 流的对拷
IOUtils.copyBytes(fis, cos, 1024*1024*5, false);
// 4 关闭资源
fis.close();
cos.close();
fos.close();
}
// 解压缩
private static void decompress(String filename) throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
// 0 校验是否能解压缩
CompressionCodecFactory factory = new CompressionCodecFactory(new Configuration());
CompressionCodec codec = factory.getCodec(new Path(filename));
if (codec == null) {
System.out.println("cannot find codec for file " + filename);
return;
}
// 1 获取输入流
CompressionInputStream cis = codec.createInputStream(new FileInputStream(new File(filename)));
// 2 获取输出流
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(new File(filename + ".decoded"));
// 3 流的对拷
IOUtils.copyBytes(cis, fos, 1024*1024*5, false);
// 4 关闭资源
cis.close();
fos.close();
}
} |
2 Map输出端采用压缩
即使你的MapReduce的输入输出文件都是未压缩的文件，你仍然可以对map任务的中间结果输出做压缩，因为它要写在硬盘并且通过网络传输到reduce节点，对其压缩可以提高很多性能，这些工作只要设置两个属性即可，我们来看下代码怎么设置：
1）给大家提供的hadoop源码支持的压缩格式有：BZip2Codec 、DefaultCodec
package com.atguigu.mapreduce.compress;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.IntWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.compress.BZip2Codec;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.compress.CompressionCodec;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.compress.GzipCodec;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.FileInputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.output.FileOutputFormat;
publicclass WordCountDriver {
publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException, InterruptedException {
Configuration configuration = new Configuration();
// 开启map端输出压缩
configuration.setBoolean("mapreduce.map.output.compress", true);
// 设置map端输出压缩方式
configuration.setClass("mapreduce.map.output.compress.codec", BZip2Codec.class, CompressionCodec.class);
Job job = Job.getInstance(configuration);
job.setJarByClass(WordCountDriver.class);
job.setMapperClass(WordCountMapper.class);
job.setReducerClass(WordCountReducer.class);
job.setMapOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
job.setMapOutputValueClass(IntWritable.class);
job.setOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
job.setOutputValueClass(IntWritable.class);
FileInputFormat.setInputPaths(job, new Path(args[0]));
FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, new Path(args[1]));
boolean result = job.waitForCompletion(true);
System.exit(result ? 1 : 0);
}
} |
2）Mapper保持不变
package com.atguigu.mapreduce.compress;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.IntWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.LongWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Mapper;
publicclass WordCountMapper extends Mapper<LongWritable, Text, Text, IntWritable>{
@Override
protectedvoid map(LongWritable key, Text value, Context context)
throws IOException, InterruptedException {
// 1 获取一行
String line = value.toString();
// 2 切割
String[] words = line.split(" ");
// 3 循环写出
for(String word:words){
context.write(new Text(word), new IntWritable(1));
}
}
} |
3）Reducer保持不变
package com.atguigu.mapreduce.compress;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.IntWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Reducer;
publicclass WordCountReducer extends Reducer<Text, IntWritable, Text, IntWritable>{
@Override
protectedvoid reduce(Text key, Iterable<IntWritable> values,
Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
int count = 0;
// 1 汇总
for(IntWritable value:values){
count += value.get();
}
// 2 输出
context.write(key, new IntWritable(count));
}
} |
3 Reduce输出端采用压缩
基于workcount案例处理
1）修改驱动
package com.atguigu.mapreduce.compress;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.IntWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.compress.BZip2Codec;
importorg.apache.hadoop.io.compress.DefaultCodec;
importorg.apache.hadoop.io.compress.GzipCodec;
importorg.apache.hadoop.io.compress.Lz4Codec;
importorg.apache.hadoop.io.compress.SnappyCodec;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.FileInputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.output.FileOutputFormat;
publicclass WordCountDriver {
publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException, InterruptedException {
Configuration configuration = new Configuration();
Job job = Job.getInstance(configuration);
job.setJarByClass(WordCountDriver.class);
job.setMapperClass(WordCountMapper.class);
job.setReducerClass(WordCountReducer.class);
job.setMapOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
job.setMapOutputValueClass(IntWritable.class);
job.setOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
job.setOutputValueClass(IntWritable.class);
FileInputFormat.setInputPaths(job, new Path(args[0]));
FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, new Path(args[1]));
// 设置reduce端输出压缩开启
FileOutputFormat.setCompressOutput(job, true);
// 设置压缩的方式
FileOutputFormat.setOutputCompressorClass(job, BZip2Codec.class);
// FileOutputFormat.setOutputCompressorClass(job, GzipCodec.class);
// FileOutputFormat.setOutputCompressorClass(job, DefaultCodec.class);
boolean result = job.waitForCompletion(true);
System.exit(result?1:0);
}
} |
