项目环境： 

CentOS 7.5

MongoDB 4.2.12

一、分片集群规划                     

IP：172.16.254.136172.16.254.137172.16.254.138
mongos(30000) mongos(30000)mongos(30000)
config(27017) config(27017)config(27017)
shard1主节点(40001)shard1副节点(40001)shard1仲裁节点(40001)
shard2仲裁节点(40002) shard2主节点(40002) shard2副节点(40002)
shard3副节点(40003)shard3仲裁节点(40003)shard3主节点(40003)

二、创建目录

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su - mongodb
mkdir -p /mongodb
mkdir -p /mongodb/{data,logs,apps}
mkdir -p /mongodb/data/shard{1,2,3}
mkdir -p /mongodb/data/config
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 10001 mongodb
/usr/sbin/useradd -u 10001 -g mongodb mongodb
id mongodb
passwd mongodb
chown -R mongodb:mongodb /mongodb
chmod -R 775 /mongodb

三、部署config服务器

三台机器都部署

/mongodb/conf/mongodb-config.conf

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dbpath=/mongodb/data/config
logpath=/mongodb/logs/mongodb-config.log
port=27017
fork=true
journal = true
maxConns=500
logappend=true
pidfilepath=/mongodb/apps/mongo-config.pid
directoryperdb=true
replSet=mongodb99
configsvr = true
bind_ip=0.0.0.0

启动config实例（三台机器）

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mongod -f /mongodb/conf/mongodb-config.conf

创建副本集

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rs.initiate({_id:"mongodb99",members:[
{_id:0,host:"172.16.254.136:27017"},
{_id:1,host:"172.16.254.137:27017"},
{_id:2,host:"172.16.254.138:27017"}
]})

检查config副本集信息

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mongodb99:PRIMARY> rs.status()
{
    "set" : "mongodb99",
    "date" : ISODate("2021-03-19T07:17:58.639Z"),
    "myState" : 1,
    "term" : NumberLong(1),
    "syncingTo" : "",
    "syncSourceHost" : "",
    "syncSourceId" : -1,
    "configsvr" : true,
    "heartbeatIntervalMillis" : NumberLong(2000),
    "majorityVoteCount" : 2,
    "writeMajorityCount" : 2,
    "optimes" : {
        "lastCommittedOpTime" : {
            "ts" : Timestamp(1616138277, 1),
            "t" : NumberLong(1)
        },
        "lastCommittedWallTime" : ISODate("2021-03-19T07:17:57.051Z"),
        "readConcernMajorityOpTime" : {
            "ts" : Timestamp(1616138277, 1),
            "t" : NumberLong(1)
        },
        "readConcernMajorityWallTime" : ISODate("2021-03-19T07:17:57.051Z"),
        "appliedOpTime" : {
            "ts" : Timestamp(1616138277, 1),
            "t" : NumberLong(1)
        },
        "durableOpTime" : {
            "ts" : Timestamp(1616138277, 1),
            "t" : NumberLong(1)
        },
        "lastAppliedWallTime" : ISODate("2021-03-19T07:17:57.051Z"),
        "lastDurableWallTime" : ISODate("2021-03-19T07:17:57.051Z")
    },
    "lastStableRecoveryTimestamp" : Timestamp(1616138263, 3),
    "lastStableCheckpointTimestamp" : Timestamp(1616138263, 3),
    "electionCandidateMetrics" : {
        "lastElectionReason" : "electionTimeout",
        "lastElectionDate" : ISODate("2021-03-19T07:17:43.126Z"),
        "electionTerm" : NumberLong(1),
        "lastCommittedOpTimeAtElection" : {
            "ts" : Timestamp(0, 0),
            "t" : NumberLong(-1)
        },
        "lastSeenOpTimeAtElection" : {
            "ts" : Timestamp(1616138252, 1),
            "t" : NumberLong(-1)
        },
        "numVotesNeeded" : 2,
        "priorityAtElection" : 1,
        "electionTimeoutMillis" : NumberLong(10000),
        "numCatchUpOps" : NumberLong(0),
        "newTermStartDate" : ISODate("2021-03-19T07:17:43.165Z"),
        "wMajorityWriteAvailabilityDate" : ISODate("2021-03-19T07:17:44.352Z")
    },
    "members" : [
        {
            "_id" : 0,
            "name" : "172.16.254.136:27017",
            "health" : 1,
            "state" : 1,
            "stateStr" : "PRIMARY",
            "uptime" : 843,
            "optime" : {
                "ts" : Timestamp(1616138277, 1),
                "t" : NumberLong(1)
            },
            "optimeDate" : ISODate("2021-03-19T07:17:57Z"),
            "syncingTo" : "",
            "syncSourceHost" : "",
            "syncSourceId" : -1,
            "infoMessage" : "could not find member to sync from",
            "electionTime" : Timestamp(1616138263, 1),
            "electionDate" : ISODate("2021-03-19T07:17:43Z"),
            "configVersion" : 1,
            "self" : true,
            "lastHeartbeatMessage" : ""
        },
        {
            "_id" : 1,
            "name" : "172.16.254.137:27017",
            "health" : 1,
            "state" : 2,
            "stateStr" : "SECONDARY",
            "uptime" : 25,
            "optime" : {
                "ts" : Timestamp(1616138277, 1),
                "t" : NumberLong(1)
            },
            "optimeDurable" : {
                "ts" : Timestamp(1616138277, 1),
                "t" : NumberLong(1)
            },
            "optimeDate" : ISODate("2021-03-19T07:17:57Z"),
            "optimeDurableDate" : ISODate("2021-03-19T07:17:57Z"),
            "lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2021-03-19T07:17:57.201Z"),
            "lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2021-03-19T07:17:58.527Z"),
            "pingMs" : NumberLong(0),
            "lastHeartbeatMessage" : "",
            "syncingTo" : "172.16.254.136:27017",
            "syncSourceHost" : "172.16.254.136:27017",
            "syncSourceId" : 0,
            "infoMessage" : "",
            "configVersion" : 1
        },
        {
            "_id" : 2,
            "name" : "172.16.254.138:27017",
            "health" : 1,
            "state" : 2,
            "stateStr" : "SECONDARY",
            "uptime" : 25,
            "optime" : {
                "ts" : Timestamp(1616138277, 1),
                "t" : NumberLong(1)
            },
            "optimeDurable" : {
                "ts" : Timestamp(1616138277, 1),
                "t" : NumberLong(1)
            },
            "optimeDate" : ISODate("2021-03-19T07:17:57Z"),
            "optimeDurableDate" : ISODate("2021-03-19T07:17:57Z"),
            "lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2021-03-19T07:17:57.201Z"),
            "lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2021-03-19T07:17:58.527Z"),
            "pingMs" : NumberLong(0),
            "lastHeartbeatMessage" : "",
            "syncingTo" : "172.16.254.136:27017",
            "syncSourceHost" : "172.16.254.136:27017",
            "syncSourceId" : 0,
            "infoMessage" : "",
            "configVersion" : 1
        }
    ],
    "ok" : 1,
    "$gleStats" : {
        "lastOpTime" : Timestamp(1616138252, 1),
        "electionId" : ObjectId("7fffffff0000000000000001")
    },
    "lastCommittedOpTime" : Timestamp(1616138277, 1),
    "$clusterTime" : {
        "clusterTime" : Timestamp(1616138277, 1),
        "signature" : {
            "hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
            "keyId" : NumberLong(0)
        }
    },
    "operationTime" : Timestamp(1616138277, 1)
}

四、部署shard1分片服务器

参数文件，三台机器都需要配置

/mongodb/conf/mongodb-shard1.conf

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dbpath=/mongodb/data/shard1
logpath=/mongodb/logs/mongodb-shard1.log
port=40001
fork=true
#auth=true
#noauth=true
#verbose=true
#vvvv=true
journal = true
maxConns=5000
logappend=true
pidfilepath=/mongodb/apps/mongo-shard1.pid
#cpu=true
directoryperdb=true
#nohttpinterface=false
#notablescan=false
#profile=0
#slowms=200
#quiet=true
#syncdelay=60
replSet=hdshard1
bind_ip=0.0.0.0
shardsvr = true

启动服务（三台机器）

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mongod -f /mongodb/conf/mongodb-shard1.conf

设定副本集成员

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rs.initiate({_id:"hdshard1",members:[
{_id:0,host:"172.16.254.136:40001",priority:2},
{_id:1,host:"172.16.254.137:40001",priority:1},
{_id:2,host:"172.16.254.138:40001",arbiterOnly:true}
]})

查看副本集信息

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hdshard1:PRIMARY> rs.status()
{
    "set" : "hdshard1",
    "date" : ISODate("2021-03-19T08:43:12.244Z"),
    "myState" : 1,
    "term" : NumberLong(1),
    "syncingTo" : "",
    "syncSourceHost" : "",
    "syncSourceId" : -1,
    "heartbeatIntervalMillis" : NumberLong(2000),
    "majorityVoteCount" : 2,
    "writeMajorityCount" : 2,
    "optimes" : {
        "lastCommittedOpTime" : {
            "ts" : Timestamp(1616143383, 3),
            "t" : NumberLong(1)
        },
        "lastCommittedWallTime" : ISODate("2021-03-19T08:43:03.255Z"),
        "readConcernMajorityOpTime" : {
            "ts" : Timestamp(1616143383, 3),
            "t" : NumberLong(1)
        },
        "readConcernMajorityWallTime" : ISODate("2021-03-19T08:43:03.255Z"),
        "appliedOpTime" : {
            "ts" : Timestamp(1616143383, 3),
            "t" : NumberLong(1)
        },
        "durableOpTime" : {
            "ts" : Timestamp(1616143383, 3),
            "t" : NumberLong(1)
        },
        "lastAppliedWallTime" : ISODate("2021-03-19T08:43:03.255Z"),
        "lastDurableWallTime" : ISODate("2021-03-19T08:43:03.255Z")
    },
    "lastStableRecoveryTimestamp" : Timestamp(1616143383, 3),
    "lastStableCheckpointTimestamp" : Timestamp(1616143383, 3),
    "electionCandidateMetrics" : {
        "lastElectionReason" : "electionTimeout",
        "lastElectionDate" : ISODate("2021-03-19T08:43:03.187Z"),
        "electionTerm" : NumberLong(1),
        "lastCommittedOpTimeAtElection" : {
            "ts" : Timestamp(0, 0),
            "t" : NumberLong(-1)
        },
        "lastSeenOpTimeAtElection" : {
            "ts" : Timestamp(1616143372, 1),
            "t" : NumberLong(-1)
        },
        "numVotesNeeded" : 2,
        "priorityAtElection" : 2,
        "electionTimeoutMillis" : NumberLong(10000),
        "numCatchUpOps" : NumberLong(0),
        "newTermStartDate" : ISODate("2021-03-19T08:43:03.255Z"),
        "wMajorityWriteAvailabilityDate" : ISODate("2021-03-19T08:43:04.069Z")
    },
    "members" : [
        {
            "_id" : 0,
            "name" : "172.16.254.136:40001",
            "health" : 1,
            "state" : 1,
            "stateStr" : "PRIMARY",
            "uptime" : 3286,
            "optime" : {
                "ts" : Timestamp(1616143383, 3),
                "t" : NumberLong(1)
            },
            "optimeDate" : ISODate("2021-03-19T08:43:03Z"),
            "syncingTo" : "",
            "syncSourceHost" : "",
            "syncSourceId" : -1,
            "infoMessage" : "could not find member to sync from",
            "electionTime" : Timestamp(1616143383, 1),
            "electionDate" : ISODate("2021-03-19T08:43:03Z"),
            "configVersion" : 1,
            "self" : true,
            "lastHeartbeatMessage" : ""
        },
        {
            "_id" : 1,
            "name" : "172.16.254.137:40001",
            "health" : 1,
            "state" : 2,
            "stateStr" : "SECONDARY",
            "uptime" : 20,
            "optime" : {
                "ts" : Timestamp(1616143383, 3),
                "t" : NumberLong(1)
            },
            "optimeDurable" : {
                "ts" : Timestamp(1616143383, 3),
                "t" : NumberLong(1)
            },
            "optimeDate" : ISODate("2021-03-19T08:43:03Z"),
            "optimeDurableDate" : ISODate("2021-03-19T08:43:03Z"),
            "lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2021-03-19T08:43:11.294Z"),
            "lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2021-03-19T08:43:12.127Z"),
            "pingMs" : NumberLong(0),
            "lastHeartbeatMessage" : "",
            "syncingTo" : "172.16.254.136:40001",
            "syncSourceHost" : "172.16.254.136:40001",
            "syncSourceId" : 0,
            "infoMessage" : "",
            "configVersion" : 1
        },
        {
            "_id" : 2,
            "name" : "172.16.254.138:40001",
            "health" : 1,
            "state" : 7,
            "stateStr" : "ARBITER",
            "uptime" : 20,
            "lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2021-03-19T08:43:11.294Z"),
            "lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2021-03-19T08:43:10.512Z"),
            "pingMs" : NumberLong(0),
            "lastHeartbeatMessage" : "",
            "syncingTo" : "",
            "syncSourceHost" : "",
            "syncSourceId" : -1,
            "infoMessage" : "",
            "configVersion" : 1
        }
    ],
    "ok" : 1,
    "$clusterTime" : {
        "clusterTime" : Timestamp(1616143383, 3),
        "signature" : {
            "hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
            "keyId" : NumberLong(0)
        }
    },
    "operationTime" : Timestamp(1616143383, 3)
}

五、部署shard2分片服务器

参数文件，三台机器都需要配置

/mongodb/conf/mongodb-shard2.conf

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dbpath=/mongodb/data/shard2
logpath=/mongodb/logs/mongodb-shard2.log
port=40002
fork=true
#auth=true
#noauth=true
#verbose=true
#vvvv=true
journal = true
maxConns=5000
logappend=true
pidfilepath=/mongodb/apps/mongo-shard2.pid
#cpu=true
directoryperdb=true
#nohttpinterface=false
#notablescan=false
#profile=0
#slowms=200
#quiet=true
#syncdelay=60
replSet=hdshard2
bind_ip=0.0.0.0
shardsvr = true

启动服务（三台机器）

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mongod -f /mongodb/conf/mongodb-shard2.conf

设置副本集成员

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rs.initiate({_id:"hdshard2",members:[
{_id:0,host:"172.16.254.136:40002",arbiterOnly:true},
{_id:1,host:"172.16.254.137:40002",priority:2},
{_id:2,host:"172.16.254.138:40002",priority:1}
]})

查看副本集信息

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hdshard2:PRIMARY> rs.status()
{
    "set" : "hdshard2",
    "date" : ISODate("2021-03-19T09:11:49.553Z"),
    "myState" : 1,
    "term" : NumberLong(1),
    "syncingTo" : "",
    "syncSourceHost" : "",
    "syncSourceId" : -1,
    "heartbeatIntervalMillis" : NumberLong(2000),
    "majorityVoteCount" : 2,
    "writeMajorityCount" : 2,
    "optimes" : {
        "lastCommittedOpTime" : {
            "ts" : Timestamp(1616145102, 3),
            "t" : NumberLong(1)
        },
        "lastCommittedWallTime" : ISODate("2021-03-19T09:11:42.844Z"),
        "readConcernMajorityOpTime" : {
            "ts" : Timestamp(1616145102, 3),
            "t" : NumberLong(1)
        },
        "readConcernMajorityWallTime" : ISODate("2021-03-19T09:11:42.844Z"),
        "appliedOpTime" : {
            "ts" : Timestamp(1616145102, 3),
            "t" : NumberLong(1)
        },
        "durableOpTime" : {
            "ts" : Timestamp(1616145102, 3),
            "t" : NumberLong(1)
        },
        "lastAppliedWallTime" : ISODate("2021-03-19T09:11:42.844Z"),
        "lastDurableWallTime" : ISODate("2021-03-19T09:11:42.844Z")
    },
    "lastStableRecoveryTimestamp" : Timestamp(1616145102, 3),
    "lastStableCheckpointTimestamp" : Timestamp(1616145102, 3),
    "electionCandidateMetrics" : {
        "lastElectionReason" : "electionTimeout",
        "lastElectionDate" : ISODate("2021-03-19T09:11:42.780Z"),
        "electionTerm" : NumberLong(1),
        "lastCommittedOpTimeAtElection" : {
            "ts" : Timestamp(0, 0),
            "t" : NumberLong(-1)
        },
        "lastSeenOpTimeAtElection" : {
            "ts" : Timestamp(1616145092, 1),
            "t" : NumberLong(-1)
        },
        "numVotesNeeded" : 2,
        "priorityAtElection" : 2,
        "electionTimeoutMillis" : NumberLong(10000),
        "numCatchUpOps" : NumberLong(0),
        "newTermStartDate" : ISODate("2021-03-19T09:11:42.844Z"),
        "wMajorityWriteAvailabilityDate" : ISODate("2021-03-19T09:11:43.578Z")
    },
    "members" : [
        {
            "_id" : 0,
            "name" : "172.16.254.136:40002",
            "health" : 1,
            "state" : 7,
            "stateStr" : "ARBITER",
            "uptime" : 16,
            "lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2021-03-19T09:11:48.864Z"),
            "lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2021-03-19T09:11:49.220Z"),
            "pingMs" : NumberLong(0),
            "lastHeartbeatMessage" : "",
            "syncingTo" : "",
            "syncSourceHost" : "",
            "syncSourceId" : -1,
            "infoMessage" : "",
            "configVersion" : 1
        },
        {
            "_id" : 1,
            "name" : "172.16.254.137:40002",
            "health" : 1,
            "state" : 1,
            "stateStr" : "PRIMARY",
            "uptime" : 93,
            "optime" : {
                "ts" : Timestamp(1616145102, 3),
                "t" : NumberLong(1)
            },
            "optimeDate" : ISODate("2021-03-19T09:11:42Z"),
            "syncingTo" : "",
            "syncSourceHost" : "",
            "syncSourceId" : -1,
            "infoMessage" : "could not find member to sync from",
            "electionTime" : Timestamp(1616145102, 1),
            "electionDate" : ISODate("2021-03-19T09:11:42Z"),
            "configVersion" : 1,
            "self" : true,
            "lastHeartbeatMessage" : ""
        },
        {
            "_id" : 2,
            "name" : "172.16.254.138:40002",
            "health" : 1,
            "state" : 2,
            "stateStr" : "SECONDARY",
            "uptime" : 16,
            "optime" : {
                "ts" : Timestamp(1616145102, 3),
                "t" : NumberLong(1)
            },
            "optimeDurable" : {
                "ts" : Timestamp(1616145102, 3),
                "t" : NumberLong(1)
            },
            "optimeDate" : ISODate("2021-03-19T09:11:42Z"),
            "optimeDurableDate" : ISODate("2021-03-19T09:11:42Z"),
            "lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2021-03-19T09:11:48.864Z"),
            "lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2021-03-19T09:11:47.702Z"),
            "pingMs" : NumberLong(0),
            "lastHeartbeatMessage" : "",
            "syncingTo" : "172.16.254.137:40002",
            "syncSourceHost" : "172.16.254.137:40002",
            "syncSourceId" : 1,
            "infoMessage" : "",
            "configVersion" : 1
        }
    ],
    "ok" : 1,
    "$clusterTime" : {
        "clusterTime" : Timestamp(1616145102, 3),
        "signature" : {
            "hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
            "keyId" : NumberLong(0)
        }
    },
    "operationTime" : Timestamp(1616145102, 3)
}

六、部署shard3分片服务器

参数文件，三台机器都需要配置

/mongodb/conf/mongodb-shard3.conf

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dbpath=/mongodb/data/shard3
logpath=/mongodb/logs/mongodb-shard3.log
port=40003
fork=true
#auth=true
#noauth=true
#verbose=true
#vvvv=true
journal = true
maxConns=5000
logappend=true
pidfilepath=/mongodb/apps/mongo-shard3.pid
#cpu=true
directoryperdb=true
#nohttpinterface=false
#notablescan=false
#profile=0
#slowms=200
#quiet=true
#syncdelay=60
replSet=hdshard3
bind_ip=0.0.0.0
shardsvr = true

启动服务（三台机器）

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mongod -f /mongodb/conf/mongodb-shard3.conf

设置副本集成员

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rs.initiate({_id:"hdshard3",members:[
{_id:0,host:"172.16.254.136:40003",priority:1},
{_id:1,host:"172.16.254.137:40003",arbiterOnly:true},
{_id:2,host:"172.16.254.138:40003",priority:2}
]})

查看副本集信息

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hdshard3:PRIMARY> rs.status()
{
    "set" : "hdshard3",
    "date" : ISODate("2021-03-19T09:14:03.826Z"),
    "myState" : 1,
    "term" : NumberLong(1),
    "syncingTo" : "",
    "syncSourceHost" : "",
    "syncSourceId" : -1,
    "heartbeatIntervalMillis" : NumberLong(2000),
    "majorityVoteCount" : 2,
    "writeMajorityCount" : 2,
    "optimes" : {
        "lastCommittedOpTime" : {
            "ts" : Timestamp(1616145240, 1),
            "t" : NumberLong(1)
        },
        "lastCommittedWallTime" : ISODate("2021-03-19T09:14:00.492Z"),
        "readConcernMajorityOpTime" : {
            "ts" : Timestamp(1616145240, 1),
            "t" : NumberLong(1)
        },
        "readConcernMajorityWallTime" : ISODate("2021-03-19T09:14:00.492Z"),
        "appliedOpTime" : {
            "ts" : Timestamp(1616145240, 1),
            "t" : NumberLong(1)
        },
        "durableOpTime" : {
            "ts" : Timestamp(1616145240, 1),
            "t" : NumberLong(1)
        },
        "lastAppliedWallTime" : ISODate("2021-03-19T09:14:00.492Z"),
        "lastDurableWallTime" : ISODate("2021-03-19T09:14:00.492Z")
    },
    "lastStableRecoveryTimestamp" : Timestamp(1616145230, 3),
    "lastStableCheckpointTimestamp" : Timestamp(1616145230, 3),
    "electionCandidateMetrics" : {
        "lastElectionReason" : "electionTimeout",
        "lastElectionDate" : ISODate("2021-03-19T09:13:50.444Z"),
        "electionTerm" : NumberLong(1),
        "lastCommittedOpTimeAtElection" : {
            "ts" : Timestamp(0, 0),
            "t" : NumberLong(-1)
        },
        "lastSeenOpTimeAtElection" : {
            "ts" : Timestamp(1616145220, 1),
            "t" : NumberLong(-1)
        },
        "numVotesNeeded" : 2,
        "priorityAtElection" : 2,
        "electionTimeoutMillis" : NumberLong(10000),
        "numCatchUpOps" : NumberLong(0),
        "newTermStartDate" : ISODate("2021-03-19T09:13:50.490Z"),
        "wMajorityWriteAvailabilityDate" : ISODate("2021-03-19T09:13:51.267Z")
    },
    "members" : [
        {
            "_id" : 0,
            "name" : "172.16.254.136:40003",
            "health" : 1,
            "state" : 2,
            "stateStr" : "SECONDARY",
            "uptime" : 23,
            "optime" : {
                "ts" : Timestamp(1616145240, 1),
                "t" : NumberLong(1)
            },
            "optimeDurable" : {
                "ts" : Timestamp(1616145240, 1),
                "t" : NumberLong(1)
            },
            "optimeDate" : ISODate("2021-03-19T09:14:00Z"),
            "optimeDurableDate" : ISODate("2021-03-19T09:14:00Z"),
            "lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2021-03-19T09:14:02.489Z"),
            "lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2021-03-19T09:14:03.370Z"),
            "pingMs" : NumberLong(0),
            "lastHeartbeatMessage" : "",
            "syncingTo" : "172.16.254.138:40003",
            "syncSourceHost" : "172.16.254.138:40003",
            "syncSourceId" : 2,
            "infoMessage" : "",
            "configVersion" : 1
        },
        {
            "_id" : 1,
            "name" : "172.16.254.137:40003",
            "health" : 1,
            "state" : 7,
            "stateStr" : "ARBITER",
            "uptime" : 23,
            "lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2021-03-19T09:14:02.489Z"),
            "lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2021-03-19T09:14:02.743Z"),
            "pingMs" : NumberLong(0),
            "lastHeartbeatMessage" : "",
            "syncingTo" : "",
            "syncSourceHost" : "",
            "syncSourceId" : -1,
            "infoMessage" : "",
            "configVersion" : 1
        },
        {
            "_id" : 2,
            "name" : "172.16.254.138:40003",
            "health" : 1,
            "state" : 1,
            "stateStr" : "PRIMARY",
            "uptime" : 82,
            "optime" : {
                "ts" : Timestamp(1616145240, 1),
                "t" : NumberLong(1)
            },
            "optimeDate" : ISODate("2021-03-19T09:14:00Z"),
            "syncingTo" : "",
            "syncSourceHost" : "",
            "syncSourceId" : -1,
            "infoMessage" : "could not find member to sync from",
            "electionTime" : Timestamp(1616145230, 1),
            "electionDate" : ISODate("2021-03-19T09:13:50Z"),
            "configVersion" : 1,
            "self" : true,
            "lastHeartbeatMessage" : ""
        }
    ],
    "ok" : 1,
    "$clusterTime" : {
        "clusterTime" : Timestamp(1616145240, 1),
        "signature" : {
            "hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
            "keyId" : NumberLong(0)
        }
    },
    "operationTime" : Timestamp(1616145240, 1)
}

七、部署路由服务器

配置参数文件（三台机器）

/mongodb/conf/mongodb-route.conf

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pidfilepath=/mongodb/apps/mongo-route.pid
logpath=/mongodb/logs/mongodb-route.log
port=30000
fork=true
maxConns=5000
logappend=true
bind_ip=0.0.0.0
configdb = mongodb99/172.16.254.136:27017,172.16.254.137:27017,172.16.254.138:27017

启动服务（三台机器），注意是mongos，而不是mongod

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mongos -f /mongodb/conf/mongodb-route.conf

八、启动分片功能

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mongo --port 30000
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sh.addShard("hdshard1/172.16.254.136:40001,172.16.254.137:40001,172.16.254.138:40001")
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sh.addShard("hdshard2/172.16.254.136:40002,172.16.254.137:40002,172.16.254.138:40002")
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sh.addShard("hdshard3/172.16.254.136:40003,172.16.254.137:40003,172.16.254.138:40003")

九、测试分片

插入测试数据

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mongos> use db5
switched to db db5
mongos> show dbs
admin   0.000GB
config  0.001GB
mongos> db.settings.save({"_id":"chunksize","value":1})
WriteResult({ "nMatched" : 0, "nUpserted" : 1, "nModified" : 0, "_id" : "chunksize" })

//设置块大小为1M是方便实验，不然就需要插入海量数据

启用数据库分片

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sh.enableSharding("db5")

为表创建索引

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mongos> db.db5.createIndex({"id":1})
{
    "raw" : {
        "hdshard2/172.16.254.137:40002,172.16.254.138:40002" : {
            "createdCollectionAutomatically" : false,
            "numIndexesBefore" : 1,
            "numIndexesAfter" : 2,
            "ok" : 1
        }
    },
    "ok" : 1,
    "operationTime" : Timestamp(1616150499, 1),
    "$clusterTime" : {
        "clusterTime" : Timestamp(1616150499, 1),
        "signature" : {
            "hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
            "keyId" : NumberLong(0)
        }
    }
}

启动对集合分片

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mongos> sh.shardCollection("db5.db5",{"id":1})
{
    "collectionsharded" : "db5.db5",
    "collectionUUID" : UUID("2122da21-7279-4b88-b60f-73dd3d0276fb"),
    "ok" : 1,
    "operationTime" : Timestamp(1616150605, 9),
    "$clusterTime" : {
        "clusterTime" : Timestamp(1616150605, 9),
        "signature" : {
            "hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
            "keyId" : NumberLong(0)
        }
    }
}

查看分片情况

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mongos> sh.status()
--- Sharding Status --- 
  sharding version: {
      "_id" : 1,
      "minCompatibleVersion" : 5,
      "currentVersion" : 6,
      "clusterId" : ObjectId("60545017224c766911a9c440")
  }
  shards:
        {  "_id" : "hdshard1",  "host" : "hdshard1/172.16.254.136:40001,172.16.254.137:40001",  "state" : 1 }
        {  "_id" : "hdshard2",  "host" : "hdshard2/172.16.254.137:40002,172.16.254.138:40002",  "state" : 1 }
        {  "_id" : "hdshard3",  "host" : "hdshard3/172.16.254.136:40003,172.16.254.138:40003",  "state" : 1 }
  active mongoses:
        "4.2.12" : 3
  autosplit:
        Currently enabled: yes
  balancer:
        Currently enabled:  yes
        Currently running:  no
        Failed balancer rounds in last 5 attempts:  0
        Migration Results for the last 24 hours: 
                682 : Success
  databases:
        {  "_id" : "config",  "primary" : "config",  "partitioned" : true }
                config.system.sessions
                        shard key: { "_id" : 1 }
                        unique: false
                        balancing: true
                        chunks:
                                hdshard1    342
                                hdshard2    341
                                hdshard3    341
                        too many chunks to print, use verbose if you want to force print
        {  "_id" : "db5",  "primary" : "hdshard2",  "partitioned" : true,  "version" : {  "uuid" : UUID("bc5d26af-5248-431b-8065-7143fdbffb97"),  "lastMod" : 1 } }
                db5.db5
                        shard key: { "id" : 1 }
                        unique: false
                        balancing: true
                        chunks:
                                hdshard2    1
                        { "id" : { "$minKey" : 1 } } -->> { "id" : { "$maxKey" : 1 } } on : hdshard2 Timestamp(1, 0)

可以看到数据已经平均分布到三个分片。