查看表结构:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 | mysql> show create table coupon_use_test \G *************************** 1. row *************************** Table : coupon_use_test Create Table : CREATE TABLE `coupon_use_test` ( `id` int (11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' , `user_id` varchar (40) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL , `coupon_code` varchar (40) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL DEFAULT '' , `status` varchar (2) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT '00' , `use_time` datetime DEFAULT NULL , `remark1` varchar (200) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL , `remark2` varchar (200) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL , `remark3` varchar (200) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL , `create_time` timestamp NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP , `create_user_id` varchar (128) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL , `update_time` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP , KEY `idx_create_time` (`create_time`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 1 row in set (0.00 sec) |
查看create_time字段为空的行数
1 2 | mysql> select * from coupon_use_test where create_time is null ; Empty set (0.00 sec) |
把id为1的记录create_time改为空
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 | mysql> update coupon_use_test set create_time = null where id = 1; Query OK, 1 row affected (6.56 sec) Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0 mysql> select count (*) from coupon_use_test where create_time is null ; + ----------+ | count (*) | + ----------+ | 1 | + ----------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) |
count(*)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 | mysql> select count (*) from coupon_use_test; + ----------+ | count (*) | + ----------+ | 1800000 | + ----------+ 1 row in set (0.69 sec) mysql> explain select count (*) from coupon_use_test; + ----+-------------+-----------------+------------+-------+---------------+-----------------+---------+------+---------+----------+-------------+ | id | select_type | table | partitions | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | filtered | Extra | + ----+-------------+-----------------+------------+-------+---------------+-----------------+---------+------+---------+----------+-------------+ | 1 | SIMPLE | coupon_use_test | NULL | index | NULL | idx_create_time | 5 | NULL | 1771323 | 100.00 | Using index | + ----+-------------+-----------------+------------+-------+---------------+-----------------+---------+------+---------+----------+-------------+ 1 row in set , 1 warning (0.00 sec) |
可以看到count(*)走了create_time字段的索引idx_create_time
count(1)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 | mysql> select count (1) from coupon_use_test; + ----------+ | count (1) | + ----------+ | 1800000 | + ----------+ 1 row in set (0.63 sec) mysql> explain select count (1) from coupon_use_test; + ----+-------------+-----------------+------------+-------+---------------+-----------------+---------+------+---------+----------+-------------+ | id | select_type | table | partitions | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | filtered | Extra | + ----+-------------+-----------------+------------+-------+---------------+-----------------+---------+------+---------+----------+-------------+ | 1 | SIMPLE | coupon_use_test | NULL | index | NULL | idx_create_time | 5 | NULL | 1771323 | 100.00 | Using index | + ----+-------------+-----------------+------------+-------+---------------+-----------------+---------+------+---------+----------+-------------+ 1 row in set , 1 warning (0.00 sec) |
count(create_time)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 | mysql> select count (create_time) from coupon_use_test; + --------------------+ | count (create_time) | + --------------------+ | 1799999 | + --------------------+ 1 row in set (0.73 sec) mysql> explain select count (create_time) from coupon_use_test; + ----+-------------+-----------------+------------+-------+---------------+-----------------+---------+------+---------+----------+-------------+ | id | select_type | table | partitions | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | filtered | Extra | + ----+-------------+-----------------+------------+-------+---------------+-----------------+---------+------+---------+----------+-------------+ | 1 | SIMPLE | coupon_use_test | NULL | index | NULL | idx_create_time | 5 | NULL | 1771323 | 100.00 | Using index | + ----+-------------+-----------------+------------+-------+---------------+-----------------+---------+------+---------+----------+-------------+ 1 row in set , 1 warning (0.00 sec) |
count(*)和 count(1)可以查询全表总行数, count(create_time)查询到的行数不包括null。
count(1) 与 count(*) 比较 :
1> 如果数据表没有主键,那么 count(1) 比 count(*) 快
2> 如果有主键的话,那主键 (联合主键) 作为 count条件也比 count(*) 要快
3> 如果你的表只有一个字段的话那 count(*) 就是最快
在不加 WHERE 限制条件的情况下,COUNT(*) 与 COUNT(COL) 基本可以认为是等价的,但是在有 WHERE 限制条件的情况下,COUNT(*) 会比 COUNT(COL) 快非常多
COUNT(*) 通常是对主键进行索引扫描,而COUNT(COL)就不一定了,另外前者是统计表中的所有符合的纪录总数,而后者是计算表中所有符合的COL的纪录数
count(*) 与 count(1) 两者比较,主要还是要取决于 count(1) 所相对应的数据字段,如果count(1)是聚索引 id 那肯定是count(1)快,但是差的很小,因为 count(*) 自动会优化指定到那一个字段,所以没必要去count(?)用count(*)sql会自动完成优化
1> 任何情况下 SELECT COUNT(*) FROM tablename 是最优选择
2> 尽量减少 SELECT COUNT(*) FROM tablename WHERE COL = 'value’ 这种查询
3> 杜绝 SELECT COUNT(COL) FROM tablename 的出现