C++: string的大小写转换

2014年12月02日 23:23:25 9806
将一个string转换成大写或者小写,是项目中经常需要做的事情,但string类里并没有提供这个方法。自己写个函数来实现,说起来挺简单,但做起来总让人觉得不方便。打个比方:早上起来想吃个汉堡,冰箱里有生牛肉,有面粉,也有微波炉,是可以自己做的,但是实在是太费事,没几个人愿意做。但是,打个电话给肯德基宅急送,10分钟后就有热乎乎的汉堡送上门了,大大节省了时间(时间就是金钱,你可以将时间用在更重要的开发工作上),并且味道也不差,何乐而不为呢?
STL的algorithm库确实给我们提供了这样的便利,使用模板函数transform可以轻松解决这个问题,开发人员只需要提供一个函数对象,例如将char转成大写的toupper函数或者小写的函数tolower函数。

transform原型:
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template < class InputIterator, class OutputIterator, class UnaryOperator >  
OutputIterator transform ( InputIterator first1, InputIterator last1,
OutputIterator result, UnaryOperator op );

template < class InputIterator1, class InputIterator2,
class OutputIterator, class BinaryOperator >
OutputIterator transform ( InputIterator1 first1, InputIterator1 last1,
InputIterator2 first2, OutputIterator result,
BinaryOperator binary_op );
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template < class InputIterator, class OutputIterator, class UnaryOperator >
OutputIterator transform ( InputIterator first1, InputIterator last1,
OutputIterator result, UnaryOperator op );

template < class InputIterator1, class InputIterator2,
class OutputIterator, class BinaryOperator >
OutputIterator transform ( InputIterator1 first1, InputIterator1 last1,
InputIterator2 first2, OutputIterator result,
BinaryOperator binary_op );

测试代码:
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#include <string>  
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
string strA = "yasaken@126.com";
string strB = "LURY@LENOVO.com";
printf("Before transform:\n");
printf("strA:%s \n", strA.c_str());
printf("strB:%s \n\n", strB.c_str());

transform(strA.begin(), strA.end(), strA.begin(), ::toupper);
transform(strB.begin(), strB.end(), strB.begin(), ::toupper);
printf("After transform to toupper:\n");
printf("strA:%s \n", strA.c_str());
printf("strB:%s \n\n", strB.c_str());

transform(strA.begin(), strA.end(), strA.begin(), ::tolower);
transform(strB.begin(), strB.end(), strB.begin(), ::tolower);
printf("After transform to lower:\n");
printf("strA:%s \n", strA.c_str());
printf("strB:%s \n\n", strB.c_str());
return 0;
}
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#include <string>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
string strA = "yasaken@126.com";
string strB = "LURY@LENOVO.com";
printf("Before transform:\n");
printf("strA:%s \n", strA.c_str());
printf("strB:%s \n\n", strB.c_str());

transform(strA.begin(), strA.end(), strA.begin(), ::toupper);
transform(strB.begin(), strB.end(), strB.begin(), ::toupper);
printf("After transform to toupper:\n");
printf("strA:%s \n", strA.c_str());
printf("strB:%s \n\n", strB.c_str());

transform(strA.begin(), strA.end(), strA.begin(), ::tolower);
transform(strB.begin(), strB.end(), strB.begin(), ::tolower);
printf("After transform to lower:\n");
printf("strA:%s \n", strA.c_str());
printf("strB:%s \n\n", strB.c_str());
return 0;
}

运行结果:
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strA:yasaken@126.com   
strB:LURY@LENOVO.com

After transform to toupper:
strA:YASAKEN@126.COM
strB:LURY@LENOVO.COM

After transform to lower:
strA:yasaken@126.com
strB:lury@lenovo.com
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strA:yasaken@126.com
strB:LURY@LENOVO.com

After transform to toupper:
strA:YASAKEN@126.COM
strB:LURY@LENOVO.COM

After transform to lower:
strA:yasaken@126.com
strB:lury@lenovo.com

最后补一句:STL algorithm功能实在是太强劲了,非常推荐。