工作当中遇到要读取大数据量Excel(10万行以上,Excel 2007),用POI方式读取,用HSSFWorkbook读取时,超过2万行JVM的内存就会溢出,在网上找到原来要用XML方式逐行读取,记录下来,以供参考。

    注意:运行环境是jdk1.6,如果要在1.5的环境中运行,要把jdk1.6中的rt.jar中javax.xml包下所有类加到运行的环境中。

    下面是代码:

package com.bill.excel;

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.opc.OPCPackage;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.eventusermodel.XSSFReader;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.model.SharedStringsTable;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRichTextString;
import org.xml.sax.Attributes;
import org.xml.sax.InputSource;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import org.xml.sax.XMLReader;
import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler;
import org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLReaderFactory;

public class ExcelUtil extends DefaultHandler {
	
	private SharedStringsTable sst;
	private String lastContents;
	private boolean nextIsString;

	private int sheetIndex = -1;
	private List<String> rowlist = new ArrayList<String>();
	private int curRow = 0;
	private int curCol = 0;
	
	
	/**
	 * 读取第一个工作簿的入口方法
	 * @param path
	 */
	public void readOneSheet(String path) throws Exception {
		OPCPackage pkg = OPCPackage.open(path);		
		XSSFReader r = new XSSFReader(pkg);
		SharedStringsTable sst = r.getSharedStringsTable();
			
		XMLReader parser = fetchSheetParser(sst);
			
		InputStream sheet = r.getSheet("rId1");

		InputSource sheetSource = new InputSource(sheet);
		parser.parse(sheetSource);
			
		sheet.close();		
	}
	
	
	/**
	 * 读取所有工作簿的入口方法
	 * @param path
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public void process(String path) throws Exception {
		OPCPackage pkg = OPCPackage.open(path);
		XSSFReader r = new XSSFReader(pkg);
		SharedStringsTable sst = r.getSharedStringsTable();

		XMLReader parser = fetchSheetParser(sst);

		Iterator<InputStream> sheets = r.getSheetsData();
		while (sheets.hasNext()) {
			curRow = 0;
			sheetIndex++;
			InputStream sheet = sheets.next();
			InputSource sheetSource = new InputSource(sheet);
			parser.parse(sheetSource);
			sheet.close();
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * 该方法自动被调用,每读一行调用一次,在方法中写自己的业务逻辑即可
	 * @param sheetIndex 工作簿序号
	 * @param curRow 处理到第几行
	 * @param rowList 当前数据行的数据集合
	 */
	public void optRow(int sheetIndex, int curRow, List<String> rowList) {
		String temp = "";
		for(String str : rowList) {
			temp += str + "_";
		}
		System.out.println(temp);
	}
	
	
	public XMLReader fetchSheetParser(SharedStringsTable sst) throws SAXException {
		XMLReader parser = XMLReaderFactory
				.createXMLReader("org.apache.xerces.parsers.SAXParser");
		this.sst = sst;
		parser.setContentHandler(this);
		return parser;
	}
	
	public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String name,
			Attributes attributes) throws SAXException {
		// c => 单元格
		if (name.equals("c")) {
			// 如果下一个元素是 SST 的索引,则将nextIsString标记为true
			String cellType = attributes.getValue("t");
			if (cellType != null && cellType.equals("s")) {
				nextIsString = true;
			} else {
				nextIsString = false;
			}
		}
		// 置空
		lastContents = "";
	}
	
	
	public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String name)
			throws SAXException {
		// 根据SST的索引值的到单元格的真正要存储的字符串
		// 这时characters()方法可能会被调用多次
		if (nextIsString) {
			try {
				int idx = Integer.parseInt(lastContents);
				lastContents = new XSSFRichTextString(sst.getEntryAt(idx))
						.toString();
			} catch (Exception e) {

			}
		}

		// v => 单元格的值,如果单元格是字符串则v标签的值为该字符串在SST中的索引
		// 将单元格内容加入rowlist中,在这之前先去掉字符串前后的空白符
		if (name.equals("v")) {
			String value = lastContents.trim();
			value = value.equals("") ? " " : value;
			rowlist.add(curCol, value);
			curCol++;
		} else {
			// 如果标签名称为 row ,这说明已到行尾,调用 optRows() 方法
			if (name.equals("row")) {
				optRow(sheetIndex, curRow, rowlist);
				rowlist.clear();
				curRow++;
				curCol = 0;
			}
		}
	}

	public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length)
			throws SAXException {
		// 得到单元格内容的值
		lastContents += new String(ch, start, length);
	}

}