实验环境介绍
使用Vmware Workstation新建两台虚拟机,安装CentOS release 6.4 (Final) x86_64
两台主机的iptables与SELinux都已经关闭了
CentOS1 计划安装YUM数据仓库 IP为192.168.80.3
CentOS2 计划充当客户端 IP为192.168.80.4
通过光盘,搭建本地yum服务器
本次实验计划通过vsftp来充当YUM数据仓库,需要预装如下软件:
vsftp, ftp, createrepo
以上软件我们先通过挂载光盘,搭建本地源的方式,来安装
1.挂载光盘
# mount /dev/cdrom /media/
mount: block device /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only
2.检查是否挂载成功
# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root
18G 2.0G 15G 13% /
tmpfs 495M 0 495M 0% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 485M 33M 427M 8% /boot
/dev/sr0 4.1G 4.1G 0 100% /media
/media 已经挂载上来了
3.确认repomd.xml的路径
# find /media/ -name repomd.xml
/media/repodata/repomd.xml
YUM需要读取软件依赖关系文件repomd.xml
但不同光盘,这个文件的置位置可能并不一样,比如我手上另一个rhel的光盘镜像
# mount -o loop rhel-server-5.4-i386-dvd.iso /mnt
# find /mnt/ -name repomd.xml
/mnt/Cluster/repodata/repomd.xml
/mnt/ClusterStorage/repodata/repomd.xml
/mnt/Server/repodata/repomd.xml
/mnt/VT/repodata/repomd.xml
可以看到,/mnt目录下面,并没有/repodata目录,如果我们在下面配置YUM客户端时,直接指定数据仓库的路径为/mnt时就会出错,为了以防万一我们先确认该文件所在位置.
4.备份repo文件
# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
# ls
CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Debuginfo.repo CentOS-Media.repo CentOS-Vault.repo
# rename repo repo.bak *
# ls
CentOS-Base.repo.bak CentOS-Debuginfo.repo.bak CentOS-Media.repo.bak CentOS-Vault.repo.bak
5.新建新的YUM客户端配置文件CentOS-Local.repo
我们可以使用 CentOS-Debuginfo.repo.bak 文件来做一个模板
# cp -a CentOS-Debuginfo.repo.bak CentOS-Local.repo
# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Local.repo
[local]
name=CentOS-6 - Localinfo
baseurl=file:///media
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
enabled=1
几点说明:
[local]: YUM容器的标签,名字可以随便取,但在本地所有源中不能重复
name: YUM容器的名字,对容器进行说明描述,并不重要,但同样不能重复
baseurl: YUM容器的具体路径,还记得我们上面记录的repomd.xml文件路径吗,这边记录的容器路径,一般是是该文件所在路径的上上个目录,在这就是/media
gpgcheck=1 安装时进行数字签名检查,没有数字签名不允许安装,当gpgcheck=0时,不进行检查
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 指定数字签名的公钥所在位置,公钥一般放置在/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/目录下
enable=1 1代表启用这个容器,0代表不可用
6.清除YUM缓存
# yum clean all
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security
Cleaning repos: local
Cleaning up Everything
7.验证本地数据仓库是否可用
#yum repolist all
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security
Determining fastest mirrors
local | 4.0 kB 00:00 ...
local/primary_db | 4.4 MB 00:00 ...
repo id repo name status
local CentOS-6 - Localinfo enabled: 6,381
repolist: 6,381
8.安装createrepo,vsftp,ftp软件件
检查createrepo有无安装, 该软件包用于生成RPM依赖关系及分组信息
# yum info createrepo
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Available Packages
Name : createrepo
Arch : noarch
Version : 0.9.9
Release : 17.el6
Size : 94 k
Repo : local
Summary : Creates a common metadata repository
URL : http://createrepo.baseurl.org/
License : GPLv2
Description : This utility will generate a common metadata repository from a directory of
: rpm packages.
看到那个 Available Packages 了吗,就说明该软件未安装,其它软件都可以使用这个方法进行检查.我在下面就不一个个贴出来了.
下面直接安装
# yum -y install createrepo
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package createrepo.noarch 0:0.9.9-17.el6 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: python-deltarpm for package: createrepo-0.9.9-17.el6.noarch
--> Running transaction check
---> Package python-deltarpm.x86_64 0:3.5-0.5.20090913git.el6 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: deltarpm = 3.5-0.5.20090913git.el6 for package: python-deltarpm-3.5-0.5.20090913git.el6.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package deltarpm.x86_64 0:3.5-0.5.20090913git.el6 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
===================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
===================================================================================================================================
Installing:
createrepo noarch 0.9.9-17.el6 local 94 k
Installing for dependencies:
deltarpm x86_64 3.5-0.5.20090913git.el6 local 71 k
python-deltarpm x86_64 3.5-0.5.20090913git.el6 local 27 k
Transaction Summary
===================================================================================================================================
Install 3 Package(s)
Total download size: 192 k
Installed size: 518 k
Downloading Packages:
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 5.1 MB/s | 192 kB 00:00
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing : deltarpm-3.5-0.5.20090913git.el6.x86_64 1/3
Installing : python-deltarpm-3.5-0.5.20090913git.el6.x86_64 2/3
Installing : createrepo-0.9.9-17.el6.noarch 3/3
Verifying : python-deltarpm-3.5-0.5.20090913git.el6.x86_64 1/3
Verifying : createrepo-0.9.9-17.el6.noarch 2/3
Verifying : deltarpm-3.5-0.5.20090913git.el6.x86_64 3/3
Installed:
createrepo.noarch 0:0.9.9-17.el6
Dependency Installed:
deltarpm.x86_64 0:3.5-0.5.20090913git.el6 python-deltarpm.x86_64 0:3.5-0.5.20090913git.el6
Complete!
接下来继续以上步骤,检查是否安装vsftp,ftp,如果没有直接安装.
# yum -y install vsftpd
# yum -y install ftp
这样通过本地源,安装所需的软件就结束了.下一篇会接着介绍使用vsftp,搭建一个可供局域网使用的yum仓库.
转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/yuebaibai222/1321297
