rpm安装mysql指定安装路径 rpm安装数据库

转载

小鱼儿 2023-10-28 10:51:00

文章标签 rpm安装mysql指定安装路径 mysql Server 数据库 文章分类 MySQL 数据库

本文档主要介绍如何用RPM包方式安装GreatSQL数据库，假定本次安装是在CentOS 7.x x86_64环境中安装，并且是以root用户身份执行安装操作。

下载安装包

下载地址：https://gitee.com/GreatSQL/GreatSQL/releases/

下载最新的安装包，下载以下几个就可以：
greatsql-client-8.0.25-17.1.el7.x86_64.rpm
greatsql-devel-8.0.25-17.1.el7.x86_64.rpm
greatsql-shared-8.0.25-17.1.el7.x86_64.rpm
greatsql-server-8.0.25-17.1.el7.x86_64.rpm

运行环境配置

关闭selinux和防火墙

#关闭selinux
$ setenforce=0
$ sed -i '/^SELINUX=/c'SELINUX=disabled /etc/selinux/config

#关闭防火墙
$ systemctl disable firewalld
$ systemctl stop firewalld
$ systemctl disable iptables
$ systemctl stop iptables

另外，要先确认YUM源可用，因为安装GreatSQL时还要先安装其他依赖包，通过YUM安装最省事。

如果需要配置YUM源，可以参考这篇文档.

安装依赖包

安装GreatSQL RPM包时，要先安装这些相关依赖包。

$ yum install -y pkg-config perl libaio-devel numactl-devel numactl-libs net-tools openssl openssl-devel jemalloc jemalloc-devel

如果有更多依赖包需要安装，请自行添加。

注意:CentOS 7主机使用阿里云镜像源的操作

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
sed -i -e '/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/d' -e '/mirrors.aliyuncs.com/d' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
yum -y install epel-release (安装jemalloc jemalloc-devel需要安装这个软件源，否则会找不到软件包)
yum makecache

rpm安装mysql指定安装路径 rpm安装数据库_rpm安装mysql指定安装路径

centos7 安装 pkg-config

1.官网下载自己想要的版本，我这里下载的是目前最新版

https://pkgconfig.freedesktop.org/releases/

下载地址: http://pkgconfig.freedesktop.org/releases/pkg-config-0.29.2.tar.gz

2.安装

tar xf pkg-config-0.29.2.tar.gz
cd pkg-config-0.29.2
yum install -y gcc gcc-devel
./configure --with-internal-glib #需要加此选项，否则会报如下错：
make
make check
make install

rpm安装mysql指定安装路径 rpm安装数据库_数据库_02

安装RPM包

执行下面的命令安装PRM包，如果一切顺利的话，相应的过程如下所示：

# rpm -ivh greatsql*rpm  # 安装报错，提示跟mariadb-libs有冲突
准备中...                          ################################# [100%]
        file /etc/my.cnf from install of greatsql-server-8.0.25-17.1.el7.x86_64 conflicts with file from package mariadb-libs-1:5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64
        file /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/dialog.so from install of greatsql-server-8.0.25-17.1.el7.x86_64 conflicts with file from package mariadb-libs-1:5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64
[root@node1 src]# rpm -qa | grep "mariadb"
mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64
[root@node1 src]# yum remove mariadb-libs # 卸载mariadb-libs，再次进行安装就可以了
[root@node1 src]# rpm -qa | grep "mariadb"
[root@node1 src]# rpm -ivh greatsql*rpm   
准备中...                          ################################# [100%]
正在升级/安装...
   1:greatsql-shared-8.0.25-17.1.el7  ################################# [ 25%]
   2:greatsql-client-8.0.25-17.1.el7  ################################# [ 50%]
   3:greatsql-server-8.0.25-17.1.el7  ################################# [ 75%]
   4:greatsql-devel-8.0.25-17.1.el7   ################################# [100%]

这就安装成功了。

启动GreatSQL

启动GreatSQL服务前，先修改systemd文件，调高一些limit上限，避免出现文件数、线程数不够用的告警。

# 在[Server]区间增加下面几行内容
$ vim /lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service
...
[Service]

# some limits
# file size
LimitFSIZE=infinity
# cpu time
LimitCPU=infinity
# virtual memory size
LimitAS=infinity
# open files
LimitNOFILE=65535
# processes/threads
LimitNPROC=65535
# locked memory
LimitMEMLOCK=infinity
# total threads (user+kernel)
TasksMax=infinity
TasksAccounting=false
...

保存退出，然后再执行命令重载systemd，如果没问题就不会报错：

$ systemctl daemon-reload

执行下面的命令启动GreatSQL服务

$ systemctl start mysqld

检查服务是否已启动，以及进程状态：

$ systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Wed 2022-07-06 10:35:57 CST; 42s ago
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
  Process: 43570 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 43653 (mysqld)
   Status: "Server is operational"
    Tasks: 39 (limit: 149064)
   Memory: 446.4M
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           └─43653 /usr/sbin/mysqld
...

$ ps -ef | grep mysqld
mysql      43653       1  3 10:35 ?        00:00:02 /usr/sbin/mysqld

$ ss -lntp | grep mysqld
LISTEN 0      70                 *:33060            *:*    users:(("mysqld",pid=43653,fd=23))
LISTEN 0      128                *:3306             *:*    users:(("mysqld",pid=43653,fd=26))

# 查看数据库文件
$ ls /var/lib/mysql
 auto.cnf        ca.pem              '#ib_16384_1.dblwr'   ib_logfile1     mysql.ibd         mysqlx.sock.lock     server-cert.pem   undo_002
 binlog.000001   client-cert.pem      ib_buffer_pool       ibtmp1          mysql.sock        performance_schema   server-key.pem
 binlog.index    client-key.pem       ibdata1             '#innodb_temp'   mysql.sock.lock   private_key.pem      sys
 ca-key.pem     '#ib_16384_0.dblwr'   ib_logfile0          mysql           mysqlx.sock       public_key.pem       undo_001

可以看到，GreatSQL服务已经正常启动了。

连接登入GreatSQL

RPM方式安装GreatSQL后，会随机生成管理员root的密码，通过搜索日志文件获取：

$ grep -i root /var/log/mysqld.log
2022-07-06T02:35:54.691879Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: K<f9Iapd#wwp

可以看到，root账户的密码是："K<f9Iapd#wwp" (不包含双引号)，复制到粘贴板里。

首次登入GreatSQL后，要立即修改root密码，否则无法执行其他操作，并且新密码要符合一定安全规则：

mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:     #<--这个地方粘贴上面复制的随机密码
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.25-16

Copyright (c) 2021-2021 GreatDB Software Co., Ltd
Copyright (c) 2009-2021 Percona LLC and/or its affiliates
Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
...
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> \s   #<--想执行一个命令，提示要先修改密码
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.

mysql> alter user user() identified by 'GreatSQL@2022';  #<--修改密码
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> \s   #<--就可以正常执行其他命令了
--------------
mysql  Ver 8.0.25-16 for Linux on x86_64 (GreatSQL (GPL), Release 16, Revision 8bb0e5af297)

Connection id:        8
Current database:
Current user:        root@localhost
SSL:            Not in use
Current pager:        stdout
Using outfile:        ''
Using delimiter:    ;
Server version:        8.0.25-16
Protocol version:    10
Connection:        Localhost via UNIX socket
Server characterset:    utf8mb4
Db     characterset:    utf8mb4
Client characterset:    utf8mb4
Conn.  characterset:    utf8mb4
UNIX socket:        /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
Binary data as:        Hexadecimal
Uptime:            20 min 8 sec

Threads: 2  Questions: 7  Slow queries: 0  Opens: 130  Flush tables: 3  Open tables: 46  Queries per second avg: 0.005
--------------

mysql> show databases;  #<--查看数据库列表
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql>

关闭/重启GreatSQL

执行下面的命令关闭GreatSQL数据库。

$ systemctl stop mysqld

执行下面的命令重启GreatSQL数据库。

$ systemctl restart mysqld

注意事项：启动后监听任意地址的3306端口，但是账号密码是只限本地连接的

[root@node1 ~]# ss -tulnp|grep 3306
tcp    LISTEN     0      70     [::]:33060              [::]:*                   users:(("mysqld",pid=18368,fd=22))
tcp    LISTEN     0      151    [::]:3306               [::]:*                   users:(("mysqld",pid=18368,fd=25))

rpm安装mysql指定安装路径 rpm安装数据库_数据库_03