本文主要详细介绍一下FastJson使用@JSONField、@JSONType、SerializeFilter进行序列化。之前了解的序列化都是非定制化的,本文介绍的fastjson可以按需求进行定制化输出。
  本文使用的fastjson版本为1.2.47

FastJson使用@JSONField、@JSONType、SerializeFilter进行序列化时,强调所有的操作(注解)都是在序列化和反序列化的时候起左右(并且该对象也参与其中),其它的时候不起作用(比如对象.get或.set时候没作用)

1.@JSONField

1.1@JSONField注解代码演示

这个注解可以设置的参数有:ordinal,name,format,serialize,deserialize,jsonDirect等等,后面的不常用啊
对象AAAaaa类:

public class AAAaaa {

    @JSONField(name = "userName", ordinal = 2)
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
    private String address;
    @JSONField(name = "userWork", ordinal = 1, serialize = false)
    private String work;
    @JSONField(name = "userSchool", ordinal = 4, deserialize = false)
    private String school;
    @JSONField(name = "json", ordinal = 4, jsonDirect = true)
    private String studentjson;
    //yyyy年MM月dd日 HH时mm分ss秒
    @JSONField(ordinal = 3, name = "time", format = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")
    private Date createtime;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @JSONField(name = "userAge")
    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    @JSONField(name = "userAddress")
    public void setAddress(String address) {
        this.address = address;
    }

    public String getWork() {
        return work;
    }

    public void setWork(String work) {
        this.work = work;
    }

    public String getSchool() {
        return school;
    }

    public void setSchool(String school) {
        this.school = school;
    }

    public String getStudentjson() {
        return studentjson;
    }

    public void setStudentjson(String studentjson) {
        this.studentjson = studentjson;
    }

    public Date getCreatetime() {
        return createtime;
    }

    public void setCreatetime(Date createtime) {
        this.createtime = createtime;
    }

    public AAAaaa() {
    }

    public AAAaaa(String name, Integer age, String address, String work, String school, String studentjson, Date createtime) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.address = address;
        this.work = work;
        this.school = school;
        this.studentjson = studentjson;
        this.createtime = createtime;
    }

	@Override
    public String toString() {
        return "AAAaaa{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", address='" + address + '\'' +
                ", work='" + work + '\'' +
                ", school='" + school + '\'' +
                ", studentjson='" + studentjson + '\'' +
                ", createtime=" + createtime +
                '}';
    }
}

测试类:

public class TestDemo {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
	AAAaaa aa=new AAAaaa("xiaoming",20,"北京","英语老师","北京小学","[{\"studentName\":\"lily\",\"studentAge\":12},{\"studentName\":\"lucy\",\"studentAge\":15}]",new Date());
       System.out.println(aa);
       String s = JSONObject.toJSONString(aa);
       //测试序列化
       System.out.println(s);
       //跟AAAaaa这个对象无关,所以跟@JSONField注解无关
       System.out.println(JSONObject.parseObject(s));
       //测试反序列化
       System.out.println(JSONObject.parseObject(s,AAAaaa.class));
    }
}

测试结果

AAAaaa{name='xiaoming', age=20, address='北京', work='英语老师', school='北京小学', studentjson='[{"studentName":"lily","studentAge":12},{"studentName":"lucy","studentAge":15}]', createtime=Tue Sep 03 17:19:12 CST 2019}
{"address":"北京","userAge":20,"userName":"xiaoming","time":"2019-09-03 17:19:12","json":[{"studentName":"lily","studentAge":12},{"studentName":"lucy","studentAge":15}],"userSchool":"北京小学"}
{"time":"2019-09-03 17:19:12","json":[{"studentName":"lily","studentAge":12},{"studentName":"lucy","studentAge":15}],"address":"北京","userSchool":"北京小学","userName":"xiaoming","userAge":20}
AAAaaa{name='xiaoming', age=null, address='null', work='null', school='null', studentjson='[{"studentName":"lily","studentAge":12},{"studentName":"lucy","studentAge":15}]', createtime=Tue Sep 03 17:19:12 CST 2019}

1.2@JSONField注解详细讲解

1)ordinal
这个值的设置,可以使对象的属性按这个顺序来输出,默认值是0,要是都不设置,那就按属性名称的字母顺序来输出(数字小的或字母在前的先输出)
2)name
直接把原来的属性名称代码,给替换成别名
3)format
这个针对日期属性,至于他的值,你可以随意设置格式化格式,前提是复合那个SimpleDateFormat这个类的格式化时间的格式就好,估计是通用的
4)serialize
序列化,默认值是true,都是序列化的,我在model里面设置了个false,然后可以看到,在输出json字符串中,这个属性对应的key和value都不见啦。就是这么个作用
5)deserialize
这个反序列化,默认值也是true,默认都是需要反序列化的,我对name属性设置是false,在字符串转对象对时候,发现对象对name属性是null啦。就是这么个作用。
6)jsonDirect
这个说是,如果对象对某个属性的值是json字符串的话,就不要在做处理啦,直接就是json。

@JSONField注解可以作用在Field字段上也可以作用在setter和getter方法上,当作用在setter方法上时,就相当于根据name到json中寻找对应的值,并调用该setter对象赋值。当作用在getter上时,在bean转换为json时,其key值为name定义的值。

2.@JSONType

@JSONType(naming = PropertyNamingStrategy.PascalCase) 大驼峰命名
@JsonIgnoreProperties(ignoreUnknown = true)
@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_NULL)

可以多个属性并列放@JSONType(orders = {“name”,”work”,”address”},includes={“name”,”work”,”address”})

@JSONType(orders = {"z","a","b","c","d"})        相当于ordinal  
@JSONType(includes={"name","work","address"})    相当于serialize(参与序列化的有name,work,address)
@JSONType(ignores={"name","work","address"})     不参与序列化的有name,work,address

3.SerializeFilter

3.1SerializeFilter属性使用

1)在代码中使用

JSON.DEFFAULT_DATE_FORMAT = "yyyy-MM-dd";    //把AAAaaa类中format = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"去掉
AAAaaa aa = new AAAaaa(null, 20, "北京", "英语老师", "北京小学", "[{\"studentName\":\"lily\",\"studentAge\":12},{\"studentName\":\"lucy\",\"studentAge\":15}]", new Date());
String s = JSONObject.toJSONString(aa, SerializerFeature.WriteDateUseDateFormat, SerializerFeature.WriteMapNullValue);
//测试序列化
System.out.println(s);

测试结果

{"address":"北京","userAge":20,"userName":null,"time":"2019-09-04","json":[{"studentName":"lily","studentAge":12},{"studentName":"lucy","studentAge":15}],"userSchool":"北京小学"}

2)在@JSONField注解中使用

public class AAAaaa {
	
    @JSONType(serialzeFeatures = {SerializerFeature.WriteNullStringAsEmpty,SerializerFeature.WriteMapNullValue})
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
    private String address;
    private String work;
    private String school;
    private String studentjson;
    private Date createtime;
	
	......
}

3)在@JSONType注解中使用

@JSONType(serialzeFeatures = {SerializerFeature.WriteNullStringAsEmpty,SerializerFeature.WriteMapNullValue})
public class AAAaaa {

    private String name;
    private Integer age;
    private String address;
    private String work;
    private String school;
    private String studentjson;
    private Date createtime;
	
	......
}

3.2SerializeFilter属性列表

package com.alibaba.fastjson.serializer;

public enum SerializerFeature {
    QuoteFieldNames,//输出key时是否使用双引号,默认为true
	/**
     * 
     */
    UseSingleQuotes,//使用单引号而不是双引号,默认为false
	/**
     * 
     */
    WriteMapNullValue,//是否输出值为null的字段,默认为false 
	/**
     * 1.目前版本的fastjon默认对enum对象使用WriteEnumUsingName属性,因此会将enum值序列化为其Name。
	 * 2.使用WriteEnumUsingToString方法可以序列化时将Enum转换为toString()的返回值;
	 *   同时override toString函数能够将enum值输出需要的形式。但是这样做会带来一个问题,对应的反序列化使用的Enum的静态方法
	 *   valueof可能无法识别自行生成的toString(),导致反序列化出错。
     * 3.如果将节省enum序列化后的大小,可以将enum序列化其ordinal值,保存为int类型。
     *   fastJson在反序列化时,如果值为int,则能够使用ordinal值匹配,找到合适的对象。
     *   fastjson要将enum序列化为ordinal只需要禁止WriteEnumUsingName feature。
     *   首先根据默认的features排除WriteEnumUsingName,然后使用新的features序列化即可。
     *   int features=SerializerFeature.config(JSON.DEFAULT_GENERATE_FEATURE, SerializerFeature.WriteEnumUsingName, false)
     *   JSON.toJSONString(obj,features,SerializerFeature.EMPTY);
     */
    WriteEnumUsingToString,//用枚举toString()值输出
	
    WriteEnumUsingName,//用枚举name()输出
	/**
     * 
     */
    UseISO8601DateFormat,//Date使用ISO8601格式输出,默认为false
	/**
     * 
     */
    WriteNullListAsEmpty,//List字段如果为null,输出为[],而非null,默认为false
	/**
     * 
     */
    WriteNullStringAsEmpty,//字符类型字段如果为null,输出为"",而非null,默认为false
	/**
     * 
     */
    WriteNullNumberAsZero,//数值字段如果为null,输出为0,而非null(包括Integer类型,如果为null,输出为0),默认为false
	/**
     * 
     */
    WriteNullBooleanAsFalse,//Boolean字段如果为null,输出为false,而非null,默认为false
	/**
     * 
     */
    SkipTransientField,//如果是true,类中的Get方法对应的Field是transient,序列化时将会被忽略。默认为true
	/**
     * 
     */
    SortField,//按字段名称排序后输出。默认为false
	/**
     * 
     */

    /** @deprecated弃用 */
    @Deprecated
    WriteTabAsSpecial,//把\t做转义输出,默认为false
	/**
     * 
     */
    PrettyFormat,//结果是否格式化,默认为false
	/**
     * 
     */
    WriteClassName,//序列化时写入类型信息,默认为false。反序列化是需用到
	/**
     * 对于值相同的键,不使用引用表达
     * 不使用类似于下面的方式来输出:
     * {"$ref":"$"} 	引用根对象
     * {"$ref":"@"} 	引用自己
     * {"$ref":".."} 	引用父对象
     * {"$ref":"../.."} 	引用父对象的父对象
     * {"$ref":"$.members[0].reportTo"} 	基于路径的引用
     */
    DisableCircularReferenceDetect,//消除对同一对象循环引用的问题,默认为false
	/**
     * 
     */
    WriteSlashAsSpecial,//对斜杠'/'进行转义
	/**
     * 
     */
    BrowserCompatible,//将中文都会序列化为\uXXXX格式,字节数会多一些,但是能兼容IE 6,默认为false
	/**
     * 
     */
    WriteDateUseDateFormat,//全局修改日期格式,默认为false,格式为yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss
	/**
     * 
     */
    NotWriteRootClassName,
	/**
     * 
     */

    /** @deprecated */
    DisableCheckSpecialChar,//一个对象的字符串属性中如果有特殊字符如双引号,将会在转成json时带有反斜杠转移符。如果不需要转义,可以使用这个属性。默认为false
	/**
     * 按["field1",field2,field3,"field4","field5","field6"]这样的格式来输出bean
     */
    BeanToArray,//将对象转为array输出
	/**
     * 
     */
    WriteNonStringKeyAsString,//把所有的键都作为String
	/**
     * 
     */
    NotWriteDefaultValue,
	/**
     * 
     */
    BrowserSecure,
	/**
     * 
     */
    IgnoreNonFieldGetter,//忽略没有getter的字段
	/**
     * 
     */
    WriteNonStringValueAsString,
	/**
     * 
     */
    IgnoreErrorGetter,
	/**
     * 
     */
    WriteBigDecimalAsPlain,
	/**
     * 
     */
    MapSortField;
	/**
     * 
     */

    public final int mask = 1 << this.ordinal();
    public static final SerializerFeature[] EMPTY = new SerializerFeature[0];
    public static final int WRITE_MAP_NULL_FEATURES = WriteMapNullValue.getMask() | WriteNullBooleanAsFalse.getMask() | WriteNullListAsEmpty.getMask() | WriteNullNumberAsZero.getMask() | WriteNullStringAsEmpty.getMask();

    private SerializerFeature() {
    }

    public final int getMask() {
        return this.mask;
    }
	
	/**
     * 判断features所代表的特性集合中是否包含有feature特性
     * 这里巧妙的使用了一个掩码(mask)来计算,mask是通过对1进行移位得到的
     * 因为每一个SerializerFeature在枚举中的序数是固定的,所以mask的
     * 值就是像下面的二进制形式:
     * 00000000000000000000000000000001
     * 00000000000000000000000000000010
     * 00000000000000000000000000000100
     * 00000000000000000000000000001000
     * ......
     * 10000000000000000000000000000000
     * 所以通过&运算很容易就判断出features中有没有feature。例如:
     * feature是WriteMapNullValue(0000000000000000000000000000100),
     * features是15(0000000000000000000000000001111),很容易知道features
     * 中包含有feature。(可通过SerializerFeature数组计算features,下面提供的
     * of方法就可以计算features的值(SerializerFeature数组的掩码(mask)))
     * @param features
     * @param feature
     * @return
     */
    public static boolean isEnabled(int features, SerializerFeature feature) {
        return (features & feature.mask) != 0;
    }
	
	/**
     * 检查features或者fieaturesB是否包含feature
     * 和上一个方法一样
     * @param features
     * @param fieaturesB
     * @param feature
     * @return
     */
    public static boolean isEnabled(int features, int fieaturesB, SerializerFeature feature) {
        int mask = feature.mask;
        return (features & mask) != 0 || (fieaturesB & mask) != 0;
    }
	
	/**
     * 为features增加feature特性,或者剔除feature特性
     * 当state为true时为features增加feature特性
     * 当state为false时为features剔除feature特性
     * @param features
     * @param feature
     * @param state
     * @return
     */
    public static int config(int features, SerializerFeature feature, boolean state) {
        if(state) {
            features |= feature.mask;
        } else {
            features &= ~feature.mask;
        }

        return features;
    }
	
	/**
     * 计算SerializerFeature数组的掩码(mask)
     * 通过|运算把features中的特性叠加起来
     * @param features
     * @return
     */
    public static int of(SerializerFeature[] features) {
        if(features == null) {
            return 0;
        } else {
            int value = 0;
            SerializerFeature[] var2 = features;
            int var3 = features.length;

            for(int var4 = 0; var4 < var3; ++var4) {
                SerializerFeature feature = var2[var4];
                value |= feature.mask;
            }

            return value;
        }
    }
}