一、运算符
1.算术运算：
2.比较运算
3.赋值运算
4.逻辑运算
5.成员运算
二、基本数据类型
1.数字
整数的位数为32位，取值范围为-2**31～2**31-1，即-2147483648～2147483647，在64位系统上，整数的位数为64位，取值范围为-2**63～2**63-1，即-9223372036854775808～9223372036854775807
1.2 有关number模块代码如下所示：
1 class Number(metaclass=ABCMeta):
2 """All numbers inherit from this class.
3
4 If you just want to check if an argument x is a number, without
5 caring what kind, use isinstance(x, Number).
6 """
7 __slots__ = ()
8
9 # Concrete numeric types must provide their own hash implementation
10 __hash__ = None
11
12
13 ## Notes on Decimal
14 ## ----------------
15 ## Decimal has all of the methods specified by the Real abc, but it should
16 ## not be registered as a Real because decimals do not interoperate with
17 ## binary floats (i.e. Decimal('3.14') + 2.71828 is undefined). But,
18 ## abstract reals are expected to interoperate (i.e. R1 + R2 should be
19 ## expected to work if R1 and R2 are both Reals).
20
21 class Complex(Number):
22 """Complex defines the operations that work on the builtin complex type.
23
24 In short, those are: a conversion to complex, .real, .imag, +, -,
25 *, /, abs(), .conjugate, ==, and !=.
26
27 If it is given heterogeneous arguments, and doesn't have special
28 knowledge about them, it should fall back to the builtin complex
29 type as described below.
30 """
31
32 __slots__ = ()
33
34 @abstractmethod
35 def __complex__(self):
36 """Return a builtin complex instance. Called for complex(self)."""
37
38 def __bool__(self):
39 """True if self != 0. Called for bool(self)."""
40 return self != 0
41
42 @property
43 @abstractmethod
44 def real(self):
45 """Retrieve the real component of this number.
46
47 This should subclass Real.
48 """
49 raise NotImplementedError
50
51 @property
52 @abstractmethod
53 def imag(self):
54 """Retrieve the imaginary component of this number.
55
56 This should subclass Real.
57 """
58 raise NotImplementedError
59
60 @abstractmethod
61 def __add__(self, other):
62 """self + other"""
63 raise NotImplementedError
64
65 @abstractmethod
66 def __radd__(self, other):
67 """other + self"""
68 raise NotImplementedError
69
70 @abstractmethod
71 def __neg__(self):
72 """-self"""
73 raise NotImplementedError
74
75 @abstractmethod
76 def __pos__(self):
77 """+self"""
78 raise NotImplementedError
79
80 def __sub__(self, other):
81 """self - other"""
82 return self + -other
83
84 def __rsub__(self, other):
85 """other - self"""
86 return -self + other
87
88 @abstractmethod
89 def __mul__(self, other):
90 """self * other"""
91 raise NotImplementedError
92
93 @abstractmethod
94 def __rmul__(self, other):
95 """other * self"""
96 raise NotImplementedError
97
98 @abstractmethod
99 def __truediv__(self, other):
100 """self / other: Should promote to float when necessary."""
101 raise NotImplementedError
102
103 @abstractmethod
104 def __rtruediv__(self, other):
105 """other / self"""
106 raise NotImplementedError
107
108 @abstractmethod
109 def __pow__(self, exponent):
110 """self**exponent; should promote to float or complex when necessary."""
111 raise NotImplementedError
112
113 @abstractmethod
114 def __rpow__(self, base):
115 """base ** self"""
116 raise NotImplementedError
117
118 @abstractmethod
119 def __abs__(self):
120 """Returns the Real distance from 0. Called for abs(self)."""
121 raise NotImplementedError
122
123 @abstractmethod
124 def conjugate(self):
125 """(x+y*i).conjugate() returns (x-y*i)."""
126 raise NotImplementedError
127
128 @abstractmethod
129 def __eq__(self, other):
130 """self == other"""
131 raise NotImplementedError
132
133 Complex.register(complex)
134
135
136 class Real(Complex):
137 """To Complex, Real adds the operations that work on real numbers.
138
139 In short, those are: a conversion to float, trunc(), divmod,
140 %, <, <=, >, and >=.
141
142 Real also provides defaults for the derived operations.
143 """
144
145 __slots__ = ()
146
147 @abstractmethod
148 def __float__(self):
149 """Any Real can be converted to a native float object.
150
151 Called for float(self)."""
152 raise NotImplementedError
153
154 @abstractmethod
155 def __trunc__(self):
156 """trunc(self): Truncates self to an Integral.
157
158 Returns an Integral i such that:
159 * i>0 iff self>0;
160 * abs(i) <= abs(self);
161 * for any Integral j satisfying the first two conditions,
162 abs(i) >= abs(j) [i.e. i has "maximal" abs among those].
163 i.e. "truncate towards 0".
164 """
165 raise NotImplementedError
166
167 @abstractmethod
168 def __floor__(self):
169 """Finds the greatest Integral <= self."""
170 raise NotImplementedError
171
172 @abstractmethod
173 def __ceil__(self):
174 """Finds the least Integral >= self."""
175 raise NotImplementedError
176
177 @abstractmethod
178 def __round__(self, ndigits=None):
179 """Rounds self to ndigits decimal places, defaulting to 0.
180
181 If ndigits is omitted or None, returns an Integral, otherwise
182 returns a Real. Rounds half toward even.
183 """
184 raise NotImplementedError
185
186 def __divmod__(self, other):
187 """divmod(self, other): The pair (self // other, self % other).
188
189 Sometimes this can be computed faster than the pair of
190 operations.
191 """
192 return (self // other, self % other)
193
194 def __rdivmod__(self, other):
195 """divmod(other, self): The pair (self // other, self % other).
196
197 Sometimes this can be computed faster than the pair of
198 operations.
199 """
200 return (other // self, other % self)
201
202 @abstractmethod
203 def __floordiv__(self, other):
204 """self // other: The floor() of self/other."""
205 raise NotImplementedError
206
207 @abstractmethod
208 def __rfloordiv__(self, other):
209 """other // self: The floor() of other/self."""
210 raise NotImplementedError
211
212 @abstractmethod
213 def __mod__(self, other):
214 """self % other"""
215 raise NotImplementedError
216
217 @abstractmethod
218 def __rmod__(self, other):
219 """other % self"""
220 raise NotImplementedError
221
222 @abstractmethod
223 def __lt__(self, other):
224 """self < other
225
226 < on Reals defines a total ordering, except perhaps for NaN."""
227 raise NotImplementedError
228
229 @abstractmethod
230 def __le__(self, other):
231 """self <= other"""
232 raise NotImplementedError
233
234 # Concrete implementations of Complex abstract methods.
235 def __complex__(self):
236 """complex(self) == complex(float(self), 0)"""
237 return complex(float(self))
238
239 @property
240 def real(self):
241 """Real numbers are their real component."""
242 return +self
243
244 @property
245 def imag(self):
246 """Real numbers have no imaginary component."""
247 return 0
248
249 def conjugate(self):
250 """Conjugate is a no-op for Reals."""
251 return +self
252
253 Real.register(float)
254
255
256 class Rational(Real):
257 """.numerator and .denominator should be in lowest terms."""
258
259 __slots__ = ()
260
261 @property
262 @abstractmethod
263 def numerator(self):
264 raise NotImplementedError
265
266 @property
267 @abstractmethod
268 def denominator(self):
269 raise NotImplementedError
270
271 # Concrete implementation of Real's conversion to float.
272 def __float__(self):
273 """float(self) = self.numerator / self.denominator
274
275 It's important that this conversion use the integer's "true"
276 division rather than casting one side to float before dividing
277 so that ratios of huge integers convert without overflowing.
278
279 """
280 return self.numerator / self.denominator
281
282
283 class Integral(Rational):
284 """Integral adds a conversion to int and the bit-string operations."""
285
286 __slots__ = ()
287
288 @abstractmethod
289 def __int__(self):
290 """int(self)"""
291 raise NotImplementedError
292
293 def __index__(self):
294 """Called whenever an index is needed, such as in slicing"""
295 return int(self)
296
297 @abstractmethod
298 def __pow__(self, exponent, modulus=None):
299 """self ** exponent % modulus, but maybe faster.
300
301 Accept the modulus argument if you want to support the
302 3-argument version of pow(). Raise a TypeError if exponent < 0
303 or any argument isn't Integral. Otherwise, just implement the
304 2-argument version described in Complex.
305 """
306 raise NotImplementedError
307
308 @abstractmethod
309 def __lshift__(self, other):
310 """self << other"""
311 raise NotImplementedError
312
313 @abstractmethod
314 def __rlshift__(self, other):
315 """other << self"""
316 raise NotImplementedError
317
318 @abstractmethod
319 def __rshift__(self, other):
320 """self >> other"""
321 raise NotImplementedError
322
323 @abstractmethod
324 def __rrshift__(self, other):
325 """other >> self"""
326 raise NotImplementedError
327
328 @abstractmethod
329 def __and__(self, other):
330 """self & other"""
331 raise NotImplementedError
332
333 @abstractmethod
334 def __rand__(self, other):
335 """other & self"""
336 raise NotImplementedError
337
338 @abstractmethod
339 def __xor__(self, other):
340 """self ^ other"""
341 raise NotImplementedError
342
343 @abstractmethod
344 def __rxor__(self, other):
345 """other ^ self"""
346 raise NotImplementedError
347
348 @abstractmethod
349 def __or__(self, other):
350 """self | other"""
351 raise NotImplementedError
352
353 @abstractmethod
354 def __ror__(self, other):
355 """other | self"""
356 raise NotImplementedError
357
358 @abstractmethod
359 def __invert__(self):
360 """~self"""
361 raise NotImplementedError
362
363 # Concrete implementations of Rational and Real abstract methods.
364 def __float__(self):
365 """float(self) == float(int(self))"""
366 return float(int(self))
367
368 @property
369 def numerator(self):
370 """Integers are their own numerators."""
371 return +self
372
373 @property
374 def denominator(self):
375 """Integers have a denominator of 1."""
376 return 1View Code
2.布尔值
2.1 真和假（True and False）
2.2 0 和 1分别代表假和真
2.3 有关布尔值是假有以下几种情况（返回 False，其他的布尔值都为真，返回 True）
None 0 ''''空字符串 ()空元组 {}空字典 []空列表 等等……（因为可能还有我不知道的））
3.字符串
3.1 字符串的创建(用单引号或者双引号引起来的就叫字符串)
1 str1 = 'hello world'
2 str2 = "liulonghai"3.2 字符串有以下几个常用功能：
移除空白
分割
长度
索引
切片
3.3 字符串的相关代码如下：
1 class str(basestring):
2 """
3 str(object='') -> string
4
5 Return a nice string representation of the object.
6 If the argument is a string, the return value is the same object.
7 """
8 def capitalize(self):
9 """ 首字母变大写 """
10 """
11 S.capitalize() -> string
12
13 Return a copy of the string S with only its first character
14 capitalized.
15 """
16 return ""
17
18 def center(self, width, fillchar=None):
19 """ 内容居中，width：总长度；fillchar：空白处填充内容，默认无 """
20 """
21 S.center(width[, fillchar]) -> string
22
23 Return S centered in a string of length width. Padding is
24 done using the specified fill character (default is a space)
25 """
26 return ""
27
28 def count(self, sub, start=None, end=None):
29 """ 子序列个数 """
30 """
31 S.count(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int
32
33 Return the number of non-overlapping occurrences of substring sub in
34 string S[start:end]. Optional arguments start and end are interpreted
35 as in slice notation.
36 """
37 return 0
38
39 def decode(self, encoding=None, errors=None):
40 """ 解码 """
41 """
42 S.decode([encoding[,errors]]) -> object
43
44 Decodes S using the codec registered for encoding. encoding defaults
45 to the default encoding. errors may be given to set a different error
46 handling scheme. Default is 'strict' meaning that encoding errors raise
47 a UnicodeDecodeError. Other possible values are 'ignore' and 'replace'
48 as well as any other name registered with codecs.register_error that is
49 able to handle UnicodeDecodeErrors.
50 """
51 return object()
52
53 def encode(self, encoding=None, errors=None):
54 """ 编码，针对unicode """
55 """
56 S.encode([encoding[,errors]]) -> object
57
58 Encodes S using the codec registered for encoding. encoding defaults
59 to the default encoding. errors may be given to set a different error
60 handling scheme. Default is 'strict' meaning that encoding errors raise
61 a UnicodeEncodeError. Other possible values are 'ignore', 'replace' and
62 'xmlcharrefreplace' as well as any other name registered with
63 codecs.register_error that is able to handle UnicodeEncodeErrors.
64 """
65 return object()
66
67 def endswith(self, suffix, start=None, end=None):
68 """ 是否以 xxx 结束 """
69 """
70 S.endswith(suffix[, start[, end]]) -> bool
71
72 Return True if S ends with the specified suffix, False otherwise.
73 With optional start, test S beginning at that position.
74 With optional end, stop comparing S at that position.
75 suffix can also be a tuple of strings to try.
76 """
77 return False
78
79 def expandtabs(self, tabsize=None):
80 """ 将tab转换成空格，默认一个tab转换成8个空格 """
81 """
82 S.expandtabs([tabsize]) -> string
83
84 Return a copy of S where all tab characters are expanded using spaces.
85 If tabsize is not given, a tab size of 8 characters is assumed.
86 """
87 return ""
88
89 def find(self, sub, start=None, end=None):
90 """ 寻找子序列位置，如果没找到，返回 -1 """
91 """
92 S.find(sub [,start [,end]]) -> int
93
94 Return the lowest index in S where substring sub is found,
95 such that sub is contained within S[start:end]. Optional
96 arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation.
97
98 Return -1 on failure.
99 """
100 return 0
101
102 def format(*args, **kwargs): # known special case of str.format
103 """ 字符串格式化，动态参数，将函数式编程时细说 """
104 """
105 S.format(*args, **kwargs) -> string
106
107 Return a formatted version of S, using substitutions from args and kwargs.
108 The substitutions are identified by braces ('{' and '}').
109 """
110 pass
111
112 def index(self, sub, start=None, end=None):
113 """ 子序列位置，如果没找到，报错 """
114 S.index(sub [,start [,end]]) -> int
115
116 Like S.find() but raise ValueError when the substring is not found.
117 """
118 return 0
119
120 def isalnum(self):
121 """ 是否是字母和数字 """
122 """
123 S.isalnum() -> bool
124
125 Return True if all characters in S are alphanumeric
126 and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise.
127 """
128 return False
129
130 def isalpha(self):
131 """ 是否是字母 """
132 """
133 S.isalpha() -> bool
134
135 Return True if all characters in S are alphabetic
136 and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise.
137 """
138 return False
139
140 def isdigit(self):
141 """ 是否是数字 """
142 """
143 S.isdigit() -> bool
144
145 Return True if all characters in S are digits
146 and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise.
147 """
148 return False
149
150 def islower(self):
151 """ 是否小写 """
152 """
153 S.islower() -> bool
154
155 Return True if all cased characters in S are lowercase and there is
156 at least one cased character in S, False otherwise.
157 """
158 return False
159
160 def isspace(self):
161 """
162 S.isspace() -> bool
163
164 Return True if all characters in S are whitespace
165 and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise.
166 """
167 return False
168
169 def istitle(self):
170 """
171 S.istitle() -> bool
172
173 Return True if S is a titlecased string and there is at least one
174 character in S, i.e. uppercase characters may only follow uncased
175 characters and lowercase characters only cased ones. Return False
176 otherwise.
177 """
178 return False
179
180 def isupper(self):
181 """
182 S.isupper() -> bool
183
184 Return True if all cased characters in S are uppercase and there is
185 at least one cased character in S, False otherwise.
186 """
187 return False
188
189 def join(self, iterable):
190 """ 连接 """
191 """
192 S.join(iterable) -> string
193
194 Return a string which is the concatenation of the strings in the
195 iterable. The separator between elements is S.
196 """
197 return ""
198
199 def ljust(self, width, fillchar=None):
200 """ 内容左对齐，右侧填充 """
201 """
202 S.ljust(width[, fillchar]) -> string
203
204 Return S left-justified in a string of length width. Padding is
205 done using the specified fill character (default is a space).
206 """
207 return ""
208
209 def lower(self):
210 """ 变小写 """
211 """
212 S.lower() -> string
213
214 Return a copy of the string S converted to lowercase.
215 """
216 return ""
217
218 def lstrip(self, chars=None):
219 """ 移除左侧空白 """
220 """
221 S.lstrip([chars]) -> string or unicode
222
223 Return a copy of the string S with leading whitespace removed.
224 If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead.
225 If chars is unicode, S will be converted to unicode before stripping
226 """
227 return ""
228
229 def partition(self, sep):
230 """ 分割，前，中，后三部分 """
231 """
232 S.partition(sep) -> (head, sep, tail)
233
234 Search for the separator sep in S, and return the part before it,
235 the separator itself, and the part after it. If the separator is not
236 found, return S and two empty strings.
237 """
238 pass
239
240 def replace(self, old, new, count=None):
241 """ 替换 """
242 """
243 S.replace(old, new[, count]) -> string
244
245 Return a copy of string S with all occurrences of substring
246 old replaced by new. If the optional argument count is
247 given, only the first count occurrences are replaced.
248 """
249 return ""
250
251 def rfind(self, sub, start=None, end=None):
252 """
253 S.rfind(sub [,start [,end]]) -> int
254
255 Return the highest index in S where substring sub is found,
256 such that sub is contained within S[start:end]. Optional
257 arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation.
258
259 Return -1 on failure.
260 """
261 return 0
262
263 def rindex(self, sub, start=None, end=None):
264 """
265 S.rindex(sub [,start [,end]]) -> int
266
267 Like S.rfind() but raise ValueError when the substring is not found.
268 """
269 return 0
270
271 def rjust(self, width, fillchar=None):
272 """
273 S.rjust(width[, fillchar]) -> string
274
275 Return S right-justified in a string of length width. Padding is
276 done using the specified fill character (default is a space)
277 """
278 return ""
279
280 def rpartition(self, sep):
281 """
282 S.rpartition(sep) -> (head, sep, tail)
283
284 Search for the separator sep in S, starting at the end of S, and return
285 the part before it, the separator itself, and the part after it. If the
286 separator is not found, return two empty strings and S.
287 """
288 pass
289
290 def rsplit(self, sep=None, maxsplit=None):
291 """
292 S.rsplit([sep [,maxsplit]]) -> list of strings
293
294 Return a list of the words in the string S, using sep as the
295 delimiter string, starting at the end of the string and working
296 to the front. If maxsplit is given, at most maxsplit splits are
297 done. If sep is not specified or is None, any whitespace string
298 is a separator.
299 """
300 return []
301
302 def rstrip(self, chars=None):
303 """
304 S.rstrip([chars]) -> string or unicode
305
306 Return a copy of the string S with trailing whitespace removed.
307 If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead.
308 If chars is unicode, S will be converted to unicode before stripping
309 """
310 return ""
311
312 def split(self, sep=None, maxsplit=None):
313 """ 分割， maxsplit最多分割几次 """
314 """
315 S.split([sep [,maxsplit]]) -> list of strings
316
317 Return a list of the words in the string S, using sep as the
318 delimiter string. If maxsplit is given, at most maxsplit
319 splits are done. If sep is not specified or is None, any
320 whitespace string is a separator and empty strings are removed
321 from the result.
322 """
323 return []
324
325 def splitlines(self, keepends=False):
326 """ 根据换行分割 """
327 """
328 S.splitlines(keepends=False) -> list of strings
329
330 Return a list of the lines in S, breaking at line boundaries.
331 Line breaks are not included in the resulting list unless keepends
332 is given and true.
333 """
334 return []
335
336 def startswith(self, prefix, start=None, end=None):
337 """ 是否起始 """
338 """
339 S.startswith(prefix[, start[, end]]) -> bool
340
341 Return True if S starts with the specified prefix, False otherwise.
342 With optional start, test S beginning at that position.
343 With optional end, stop comparing S at that position.
344 prefix can also be a tuple of strings to try.
345 """
346 return False
347
348 def strip(self, chars=None):
349 """ 移除两段空白 """
350 """
351 S.strip([chars]) -> string or unicode
352
353 Return a copy of the string S with leading and trailing
354 whitespace removed.
355 If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead.
356 If chars is unicode, S will be converted to unicode before stripping
357 """
358 return ""
359
360 def swapcase(self):
361 """ 大写变小写，小写变大写 """
362 """
363 S.swapcase() -> string
364
365 Return a copy of the string S with uppercase characters
366 converted to lowercase and vice versa.
367 """
368 return ""
369
370 def title(self):
371 """
372 S.title() -> string
373
374 Return a titlecased version of S, i.e. words start with uppercase
375 characters, all remaining cased characters have lowercase.
376 """
377 return ""
378
379 def translate(self, table, deletechars=None):
380 """
381 转换，需要先做一个对应表，最后一个表示删除字符集合
382 intab = "aeiou"
383 outtab = "12345"
384 trantab = maketrans(intab, outtab)
385 str = "this is string example....wow!!!"
386 print str.translate(trantab, 'xm')
387 """
388
389 """
390 S.translate(table [,deletechars]) -> string
391
392 Return a copy of the string S, where all characters occurring
393 in the optional argument deletechars are removed, and the
394 remaining characters have been mapped through the given
395 translation table, which must be a string of length 256 or None.
396 If the table argument is None, no translation is applied and
397 the operation simply removes the characters in deletechars.
398 """
399 return ""
400
401 def upper(self):
402 """
403 S.upper() -> string
404
405 Return a copy of the string S converted to uppercase.
406 """
407 return ""
408
409 def zfill(self, width):
410 """方法返回指定长度的字符串，原字符串右对齐，前面填充0。"""
411 """
412 S.zfill(width) -> string
413
414 Pad a numeric string S with zeros on the left, to fill a field
415 of the specified width. The string S is never truncated.
416 """
417 return ""
418
419 def _formatter_field_name_split(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
420 pass
421
422 def _formatter_parser(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
423 pass
424
425 def __add__(self, y):
426 """ x.__add__(y) <==> x+y """
427 pass
428
429 def __contains__(self, y):
430 """ x.__contains__(y) <==> y in x """
431 pass
432
433 def __eq__(self, y):
434 """ x.__eq__(y) <==> x==y """
435 pass
436
437 def __format__(self, format_spec):
438 """
439 S.__format__(format_spec) -> string
440
441 Return a formatted version of S as described by format_spec.
442 """
443 return ""
444
445 def __getattribute__(self, name):
446 """ x.__getattribute__('name') <==> x.name """
447 pass
448
449 def __getitem__(self, y):
450 """ x.__getitem__(y) <==> x[y] """
451 pass
452
453 def __getnewargs__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
454 pass
455
456 def __getslice__(self, i, j):
457 """
458 x.__getslice__(i, j) <==> x[i:j]
459
460 Use of negative indices is not supported.
461 """
462 pass
463
464 def __ge__(self, y):
465 """ x.__ge__(y) <==> x>=y """
466 pass
467
468 def __gt__(self, y):
469 """ x.__gt__(y) <==> x>y """
470 pass
471
472 def __hash__(self):
473 """ x.__hash__() <==> hash(x) """
474 pass
475
476 def __init__(self, string=''): # known special case of str.__init__
477 """
478 str(object='') -> string
479
480 Return a nice string representation of the object.
481 If the argument is a string, the return value is the same object.
482 # (copied from class doc)
483 """
484 pass
485
486 def __len__(self):
487 """ x.__len__() <==> len(x) """
488 pass
489
490 def __le__(self, y):
491 """ x.__le__(y) <==> x<=y """
492 pass
493
494 def __lt__(self, y):
495 """ x.__lt__(y) <==> x<y """
496 pass
497
498 def __mod__(self, y):
499 """ x.__mod__(y) <==> x%y """
500 pass
501
502 def __mul__(self, n):
503 """ x.__mul__(n) <==> x*n """
504 pass
505
506 @staticmethod # known case of __new__
507 def __new__(S, *more):
508 """ T.__new__(S, ...) -> a new object with type S, a subtype of T """
509 pass
510
511 def __ne__(self, y):
512 """ x.__ne__(y) <==> x!=y """
513 pass
514
515 def __repr__(self):
516 """ x.__repr__() <==> repr(x) """
517 pass
518
519 def __rmod__(self, y):
520 """ x.__rmod__(y) <==> y%x """
521 pass
522
523 def __rmul__(self, n):
524 """ x.__rmul__(n) <==> n*x """
525 pass
526
527 def __sizeof__(self):
528 """ S.__sizeof__() -> size of S in memory, in bytes """
529 pass
530
531 def __str__(self):
532 """ x.__str__() <==> str(x) """
533 pass
534
535 strView Code
3.4 pycharm下整理的字符串
1 t = 'LiuLonghai'
2 v = t.capitalize()
3 print(v)
4
5 # 输出结果：Liulonghai Liulonghai 首字母变成大写，其他地方小写不变，大写的变小写
6
7 t = 'LiuLonghai'
8 v = t.casefold()
9 print(v)
10
11 # 输出结果：liulonghai 把大写字母变成小写，大写的全部变
12
13 t = 'LiuLonghai'
14 v1 = t.center(20,'*')
15 v2 = t.center(20) #以特定的字符在两边进行填充,默认为空格，字符串在中间
16 v3 = t.zfill(20) #只有一个参数,只能用0来填充,其他的字符串不行
17 v4 = t.ljust(20,'#') #以特定的字符在左边进行填充，默认为空格
18 v5 = t.rjust(20,'@') #以特定的字符在右边进行填充，默认为空格
19 print(v1,v2,v3,v4,v5)
20
21 # 输出结果：*****LiuLonghai***** LiuLonghai 0000000000LiuLonghai LiuLonghai########## @@@@@@@@@@LiuLonghai
22
23 t = 'liulonghai'
24 v1 = t.count('l')
25 v2 = t.count('llh')
26 print(v1,v2)
27
28 # 输出结果：2 0 对字符串的子字符串进行计数，若不是子字符串而是不连续的，返回0
29
30 t = 'liulonghai'
31 v1 = t.endswith('i')
32 v2 = t.startswith('l')
33 v3 = t.startswith('n',5,20)
34 print(v1,v2,v3)
35
36 # 输出结果:True True True 判断字符串是否以某个子字符串结尾和开始,若不设置范围,默认全部,范围可以超出字符串的长度
37
38 t = 'liulo\tnghai\t'
39 v = t.expandtabs(20,)
40 print(v) #当遇见制表符时以某个特定的值对字符串进行空格填充,若不设置值,默认为8
41
42 # 输出结果:liulo nghai
43
44 t = 'my name is liulonghai'
45 len_t = len(t)
46 v1 = t.find('haos')
47 v2 = t.rfind('hai') #从右往左进行查找并返回位置
48 v3 = t.index('is') #和find一样,不同在于当没有是程序报错
49 print(v1,v2,len_t)
50
51 # 输出结果:-1 18 21 #找到字符串中子字符串在什么位置并返回是第几个,若无则返回-1,默认从左到右,范围默认全部
52
53 t = 'My name is {},age {}岁'
54 v = t.format('liulonghai','23')
55 print(v)
56
57 # 输出结果:My name is liulonghai,age 23岁 格式化字符串
58
59 t1 = 'lgjislojdsl34jfsdlLL'
60 t2 = 'jfdlgji'
61 t3 = '42739847239二'
62 t4 = '342899427②'
63 v1 = t1.isalpha() #判断字符串是否全是字母
64 v1_1 = t2.isalpha()
65 v2 = t1.isalnum() #判断字符串是否全是字母和数字
66 v2_1 = t3.isalnum()
67 v3 = t1.isnumeric() #判断字符串是否全是数字
68 v3_1 = t3.isnumeric()
69 v4 = t1.isdecimal() #判断字符串是否全是十进制数字,可以判断特殊状态下的数字,入'二'
70 v4_1 = t4.isdecimal()
71 v5 = t4.isdigit() #判断字符串是否全是数字,可以判断中文状态下的数字,入'②'
72 v5_1 = t3.isdigit()
73 print(v1,v1_1,v2,v2_1,v3,v3_1,v4,v4_1,v5,v5_1)
74
75 # 输出结果: False True True True False True False False True False
76
77 t = 'liulo\nnghai'
78 v1 = t.isidentifier() #若字符串是有效的,返回True,否则返回False,如字符串里面有空格,转义字符等
79 v2 = t.isprintable() #若字符串是可显示的,返回True,否则返回False,如字符串里面有空格,转义字符等
80 print(v1,v2)
81
82 # 输出结果:False False
83
84 t = 'Liulong hai'
85 v1 = t.upper() #对字符串进行大写转换
86 v1_1 = t.isupper() #判断字符串是否全是大写
87 v2 = t.lower() #对字符串进行小写转换
88 v2_1 = t.islower() #判断字符串是否全是小写
89 v3 = t.isspace() #断字符串是否全是空格
90 v4 = t.swapcase() #大小写进行相互转换
91 print(v1,v1_1,v2,v2_1,v3,v4)
92
93 # 输出结果:LIULONG HAI False liulong hai False False lIULONG HAI
94
95 t = '你是风儿我是啥!'
96 v1 = ' '.join(t)
97 v2 = ','.join(t) #非常重要,循环遍历字符串,用某个特定的符号(也是字符串)进行分割,有点像split()
98 print(v1)
99 print(v2)
100
101 # 输出结果:你 是 风 儿 我 是 啥 !
102 # 你,是,风,儿,我,是,啥,!
103
104 t = '你是风儿我是啥!'
105 v1 = t.split('风儿')
106 v2 = t.rsplit('风儿') #以某个子字符串惊醒分割,但不显示子字符串,返回的是另一个列表
107 v3 = t.splitlines(True) #不太懂
108 print(v1)
109 print(v2)
110 print(v3)
111
112 # 输出结果:['你是', '我是啥!']
113 # ['你是', '我是啥!']
114 # ['你是风儿我是啥!']
115
116 t = ' liulonghai '
117 v1 = t.strip() #去掉前后两边的空白字符
118 v2 = t.rstrip() #去掉右边的空白字符
119 v3 = t.lstrip() #去掉左边的空白字符
120 print(v1)
121 print(v2)
122 print(v3)
123
124 # 输出结果:liulonghai
125 # liulonghai
126 # liulonghai
127
128 t = 'i love python'
129 v1 = t.title() #把字符串转换成标题(每个字符的首字母变成大写)
130 v2 = t.istitle() #判断字符串是否是标题(检查字符串的首字母是否大写,返回bool值)
131 print(v1,v2)
132
133 # 输出结果:I Love Python FalsView Code
4.列表
4.1 列表的创建（用[]中括号括起来的，里面可以是任意字符类型，元素之间以“，”隔开）
1 #遍历列表里面的所有元素
2 li = [1,2,3,'lulonghai','true',[5,6],('a','b'),{'liulonghai':23}]
3 for i in li:
4 print(i)4.2 列表有以下几个常用功能：
索引
切片
追加
删除
长度
切片
循环
包含
4.3 列表模块下的代码
1 class list(object):
2 """
3 list() -> new empty list
4 list(iterable) -> new list initialized from iterable's items
5 """
6 def append(self, p_object): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
7 """ L.append(object) -- append object to end """
8 pass
9
10 def count(self, value): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
11 """ L.count(value) -> integer -- return number of occurrences of value """
12 return 0
13
14 def extend(self, iterable): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
15 """ L.extend(iterable) -- extend list by appending elements from the iterable """
16 pass
17
18 def index(self, value, start=None, stop=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
19 """
20 L.index(value, [start, [stop]]) -> integer -- return first index of value.
21 Raises ValueError if the value is not present.
22 """
23 return 0
24
25 def insert(self, index, p_object): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
26 """ L.insert(index, object) -- insert object before index """
27 pass
28
29 def pop(self, index=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
30 """
31 L.pop([index]) -> item -- remove and return item at index (default last).
32 Raises IndexError if list is empty or index is out of range.
33 """
34 pass
35
36 def remove(self, value): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
37 """
38 L.remove(value) -- remove first occurrence of value.
39 Raises ValueError if the value is not present.
40 """
41 pass
42
43 def reverse(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
44 """ L.reverse() -- reverse *IN PLACE* """
45 pass
46
47 def sort(self, cmp=None, key=None, reverse=False): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
48 """
49 L.sort(cmp=None, key=None, reverse=False) -- stable sort *IN PLACE*;
50 cmp(x, y) -> -1, 0, 1
51 """
52 pass
53
54 def __add__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
55 """ x.__add__(y) <==> x+y """
56 pass
57
58 def __contains__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
59 """ x.__contains__(y) <==> y in x """
60 pass
61
62 def __delitem__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
63 """ x.__delitem__(y) <==> del x[y] """
64 pass
65
66 def __delslice__(self, i, j): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
67 """
68 x.__delslice__(i, j) <==> del x[i:j]
69
70 Use of negative indices is not supported.
71 """
72 pass
73
74 def __eq__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
75 """ x.__eq__(y) <==> x==y """
76 pass
77
78 def __getattribute__(self, name): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
79 """ x.__getattribute__('name') <==> x.name """
80 pass
81
82 def __getitem__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
83 """ x.__getitem__(y) <==> x[y] """
84 pass
85
86 def __getslice__(self, i, j): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
87 """
88 x.__getslice__(i, j) <==> x[i:j]
89
90 Use of negative indices is not supported.
91 """
92 pass
93
94 def __ge__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
95 """ x.__ge__(y) <==> x>=y """
96 pass
97
98 def __gt__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
99 """ x.__gt__(y) <==> x>y """
100 pass
101
102 def __iadd__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
103 """ x.__iadd__(y) <==> x+=y """
104 pass
105
106 def __imul__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
107 """ x.__imul__(y) <==> x*=y """
108 pass
109
110 def __init__(self, seq=()): # known special case of list.__init__
111 """
112 list() -> new empty list
113 list(iterable) -> new list initialized from iterable's items
114 # (copied from class doc)
115 """
116 pass
117
118 def __iter__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
119 """ x.__iter__() <==> iter(x) """
120 pass
121
122 def __len__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
123 """ x.__len__() <==> len(x) """
124 pass
125
126 def __le__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
127 """ x.__le__(y) <==> x<=y """
128 pass
129
130 def __lt__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
131 """ x.__lt__(y) <==> x<y """
132 pass
133
134 def __mul__(self, n): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
135 """ x.__mul__(n) <==> x*n """
136 pass
137
138 @staticmethod # known case of __new__
139 def __new__(S, *more): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
140 """ T.__new__(S, ...) -> a new object with type S, a subtype of T """
141 pass
142
143 def __ne__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
144 """ x.__ne__(y) <==> x!=y """
145 pass
146
147 def __repr__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
148 """ x.__repr__() <==> repr(x) """
149 pass
150
151 def __reversed__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
152 """ L.__reversed__() -- return a reverse iterator over the list """
153 pass
154
155 def __rmul__(self, n): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
156 """ x.__rmul__(n) <==> n*x """
157 pass
158
159 def __setitem__(self, i, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
160 """ x.__setitem__(i, y) <==> x[i]=y """
161 pass
162
163 def __setslice__(self, i, j, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
164 """
165 x.__setslice__(i, j, y) <==> x[i:j]=y
166
167 Use of negative indices is not supported.
168 """
169 pass
170
171 def __sizeof__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
172 """ L.__sizeof__() -- size of L in memory, in bytes """
173 pass
174
175 __hash__ = NoneView Code
5.元组
5.1 元组的创建（用"()"括起来，元素之间以“，”隔开）
1 tup = ('a','b','c',1,2,3)5.2 元组有以下几个常用功能：
索引
切片
循环
长度
包含
5.3 元组的方法
1 lass tuple(object):
2 """
3 tuple() -> empty tuple
4 tuple(iterable) -> tuple initialized from iterable's items
5
6 If the argument is a tuple, the return value is the same object.
7 """
8 def count(self, value): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
9 """ T.count(value) -> integer -- return number of occurrences of value """
10 return 0
11
12 def index(self, value, start=None, stop=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
13 """
14 T.index(value, [start, [stop]]) -> integer -- return first index of value.
15 Raises ValueError if the value is not present.
16 """
17 return 0
18
19 def __add__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
20 """ x.__add__(y) <==> x+y """
21 pass
22
23 def __contains__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
24 """ x.__contains__(y) <==> y in x """
25 pass
26
27 def __eq__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
28 """ x.__eq__(y) <==> x==y """
29 pass
30
31 def __getattribute__(self, name): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
32 """ x.__getattribute__('name') <==> x.name """
33 pass
34
35 def __getitem__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
36 """ x.__getitem__(y) <==> x[y] """
37 pass
38
39 def __getnewargs__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
40 pass
41
42 def __getslice__(self, i, j): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
43 """
44 x.__getslice__(i, j) <==> x[i:j]
45
46 Use of negative indices is not supported.
47 """
48 pass
49
50 def __ge__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
51 """ x.__ge__(y) <==> x>=y """
52 pass
53
54 def __gt__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
55 """ x.__gt__(y) <==> x>y """
56 pass
57
58 def __hash__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
59 """ x.__hash__() <==> hash(x) """
60 pass
61
62 def __init__(self, seq=()): # known special case of tuple.__init__
63 """
64 tuple() -> empty tuple
65 tuple(iterable) -> tuple initialized from iterable's items
66
67 If the argument is a tuple, the return value is the same object.
68 # (copied from class doc)
69 """
70 pass
71
72 def __iter__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
73 """ x.__iter__() <==> iter(x) """
74 pass
75
76 def __len__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
77 """ x.__len__() <==> len(x) """
78 pass
79
80 def __le__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
81 """ x.__le__(y) <==> x<=y """
82 pass
83
84 def __lt__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
85 """ x.__lt__(y) <==> x<y """
86 pass
87
88 def __mul__(self, n): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
89 """ x.__mul__(n) <==> x*n """
90 pass
91
92 @staticmethod # known case of __new__
93 def __new__(S, *more): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
94 """ T.__new__(S, ...) -> a new object with type S, a subtype of T """
95 pass
96
97 def __ne__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
98 """ x.__ne__(y) <==> x!=y """
99 pass
100
101 def __repr__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
102 """ x.__repr__() <==> repr(x) """
103 pass
104
105 def __rmul__(self, n): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
106 """ x.__rmul__(n) <==> n*x """
107 pass
108
109 def __sizeof__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
110 """ T.__sizeof__() -- size of T in memory, in bytes """
111 passView Code
6.字典
6.1 字典的创建（以键值对的形势存在，用{}括起来，键和值之间用 “：”，键值对之间以“，”隔开）
6.2 字典有以下几个常用功能：
索引
新增
删除
键、值、键值对
循环
长度
6.3 字典的方法
1 class dict(object):
2 """
3 dict() -> new empty dictionary
4 dict(mapping) -> new dictionary initialized from a mapping object's
5 (key, value) pairs
6 dict(iterable) -> new dictionary initialized as if via:
7 d = {}
8 for k, v in iterable:
9 d[k] = v
10 dict(**kwargs) -> new dictionary initialized with the name=value pairs
11 in the keyword argument list. For example: dict(one=1, two=2)
12 """
13
14 def clear(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
15 """ 清除内容 """
16 """ D.clear() -> None. Remove all items from D. """
17 pass
18
19 def copy(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
20 """ 浅拷贝 """
21 """ D.copy() -> a shallow copy of D """
22 pass
23
24 @staticmethod # known case
25 def fromkeys(S, v=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
26 """
27 dict.fromkeys(S[,v]) -> New dict with keys from S and values equal to v.
28 v defaults to None.
29 """
30 pass
31
32 def get(self, k, d=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
33 """ 根据key获取值，d是默认值 """
34 """ D.get(k[,d]) -> D[k] if k in D, else d. d defaults to None. """
35 pass
36
37 def has_key(self, k): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
38 """ 是否有key """
39 """ D.has_key(k) -> True if D has a key k, else False """
40 return False
41
42 def items(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
43 """ 所有项的列表形式 """
44 """ D.items() -> list of D's (key, value) pairs, as 2-tuples """
45 return []
46
47 def iteritems(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
48 """ 项可迭代 """
49 """ D.iteritems() -> an iterator over the (key, value) items of D """
50 pass
51
52 def iterkeys(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
53 """ key可迭代 """
54 """ D.iterkeys() -> an iterator over the keys of D """
55 pass
56
57 def itervalues(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
58 """ value可迭代 """
59 """ D.itervalues() -> an iterator over the values of D """
60 pass
61
62 def keys(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
63 """ 所有的key列表 """
64 """ D.keys() -> list of D's keys """
65 return []
66
67 def pop(self, k, d=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
68 """ 获取并在字典中移除 """
69 """
70 D.pop(k[,d]) -> v, remove specified key and return the corresponding value.
71 If key is not found, d is returned if given, otherwise KeyError is raised
72 """
73 pass
74
75 def popitem(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
76 """ 获取并在字典中移除 """
77 """
78 D.popitem() -> (k, v), remove and return some (key, value) pair as a
79 2-tuple; but raise KeyError if D is empty.
80 """
81 pass
82
83 def setdefault(self, k, d=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
84 """ 如果key不存在，则创建，如果存在，则返回已存在的值且不修改 """
85 """ D.setdefault(k[,d]) -> D.get(k,d), also set D[k]=d if k not in D """
86 pass
87
88 def update(self, E=None, **F): # known special case of dict.update
89 """ 更新
90 {'name':'alex', 'age': 18000}
91 [('name','sbsbsb'),]
92 """
93 """
94 D.update([E, ]**F) -> None. Update D from dict/iterable E and F.
95 If E present and has a .keys() method, does: for k in E: D[k] = E[k]
96 If E present and lacks .keys() method, does: for (k, v) in E: D[k] = v
97 In either case, this is followed by: for k in F: D[k] = F[k]
98 """
99 pass
100
101 def values(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
102 """ 所有的值 """
103 """ D.values() -> list of D's values """
104 return []
105
106 def viewitems(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
107 """ 所有项，只是将内容保存至view对象中 """
108 """ D.viewitems() -> a set-like object providing a view on D's items """
109 pass
110
111 def viewkeys(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
112 """ D.viewkeys() -> a set-like object providing a view on D's keys """
113 pass
114
115 def viewvalues(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
116 """ D.viewvalues() -> an object providing a view on D's values """
117 pass
118
119 def __cmp__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
120 """ x.__cmp__(y) <==> cmp(x,y) """
121 pass
122
123 def __contains__(self, k): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
124 """ D.__contains__(k) -> True if D has a key k, else False """
125 return False
126
127 def __delitem__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
128 """ x.__delitem__(y) <==> del x[y] """
129 pass
130
131 def __eq__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
132 """ x.__eq__(y) <==> x==y """
133 pass
134
135 def __getattribute__(self, name): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
136 """ x.__getattribute__('name') <==> x.name """
137 pass
138
139 def __getitem__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
140 """ x.__getitem__(y) <==> x[y] """
141 pass
142
143 def __ge__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
144 """ x.__ge__(y) <==> x>=y """
145 pass
146
147 def __gt__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
148 """ x.__gt__(y) <==> x>y """
149 pass
150
151 def __init__(self, seq=None, **kwargs): # known special case of dict.__init__
152 """
153 dict() -> new empty dictionary
154 dict(mapping) -> new dictionary initialized from a mapping object's
155 (key, value) pairs
156 dict(iterable) -> new dictionary initialized as if via:
157 d = {}
158 for k, v in iterable:
159 d[k] = v
160 dict(**kwargs) -> new dictionary initialized with the name=value pairs
161 in the keyword argument list. For example: dict(one=1, two=2)
162 # (copied from class doc)
163 """
164 pass
165
166 def __iter__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
167 """ x.__iter__() <==> iter(x) """
168 pass
169
170 def __len__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
171 """ x.__len__() <==> len(x) """
172 pass
173
174 def __le__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
175 """ x.__le__(y) <==> x<=y """
176 pass
177
178 def __lt__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
179 """ x.__lt__(y) <==> x<y """
180 pass
181
182 @staticmethod # known case of __new__
183 def __new__(S, *more): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
184 """ T.__new__(S, ...) -> a new object with type S, a subtype of T """
185 pass
186
187 def __ne__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
188 """ x.__ne__(y) <==> x!=y """
189 pass
190
191 def __repr__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
192 """ x.__repr__() <==> repr(x) """
193 pass
194
195 def __setitem__(self, i, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
196 """ x.__setitem__(i, y) <==> x[i]=y """
197 pass
198
199 def __sizeof__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
200 """ D.__sizeof__() -> size of D in memory, in bytes """
201 pass
202
203 __hash__ = NoneView Code
7.集合
7.1 集合的创建（以{}括起来，元素之间以“，”隔开）
1 class set(object):
2 """
3 set() -> new empty set object
4 set(iterable) -> new set object
5
6 Build an unordered collection of unique elements.
7 """
8 def add(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
9 """
10 Add an element to a set.
11
12 This has no effect if the element is already present.
13 """
14 pass
15
16 def clear(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
17 """ Remove all elements from this set. """
18 pass
19
20 def copy(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
21 """ Return a shallow copy of a set. """
22 pass
23
24 def difference(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
25 """
26 Return the difference of two or more sets as a new set.
27
28 (i.e. all elements that are in this set but not the others.)
29 """
30 pass
31
32 def difference_update(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
33 """ Remove all elements of another set from this set. """
34 pass
35
36 def discard(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
37 """
38 Remove an element from a set if it is a member.
39
40 If the element is not a member, do nothing.
41 """
42 pass
43
44 def intersection(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
45 """
46 Return the intersection of two sets as a new set.
47
48 (i.e. all elements that are in both sets.)
49 """
50 pass
51
52 def intersection_update(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
53 """ Update a set with the intersection of itself and another. """
54 pass
55
56 def isdisjoint(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
57 """ Return True if two sets have a null intersection. """
58 pass
59
60 def issubset(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
61 """ Report whether another set contains this set. """
62 pass
63
64 def issuperset(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
65 """ Report whether this set contains another set. """
66 pass
67
68 def pop(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
69 """
70 Remove and return an arbitrary set element.
71 Raises KeyError if the set is empty.
72 """
73 pass
74
75 def remove(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
76 """
77 Remove an element from a set; it must be a member.
78
79 If the element is not a member, raise a KeyError.
80 """
81 pass
82
83 def symmetric_difference(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
84 """
85 Return the symmetric difference of two sets as a new set.
86
87 (i.e. all elements that are in exactly one of the sets.)
88 """
89 pass
90
91 def symmetric_difference_update(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
92 """ Update a set with the symmetric difference of itself and another. """
93 pass
94
95 def union(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
96 """
97 Return the union of sets as a new set.
98
99 (i.e. all elements that are in either set.)
100 """
101 pass
102
103 def update(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
104 """ Update a set with the union of itself and others. """
105 pass集合的方法
三、基本数据类型的相关作业
1、以后更新
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